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Author : Carmelo Mesa-Lago
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Informal sector (Economics)
ISBN : CORNELL:31924066853924
Author : Helena Ribe,David A. Robalino,Ian Walker
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2010-06-22
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 082138399X
This study highlights the interaction between social protection programs and labor markets in the Latin America region. It presents new evidence on the limited coverage of existing programs and emphasizes the challenges caused by high informality for achieving universal social protection for old age income, for health, for unemployment risks and for anti poverty safety nets. It identifies interaction effects between SP programs and the behavioral responses of workers, firms and social protection providers, which can further undermine efforts to expand coverage, summarizing evidence from recent work across the region. It argues for a re-design of financing to eliminate cross subsidies between members of contributory programs and subsidies that effectively tax income from formal employment. Instead, it advocates well-targeted, tax-funded tapered subsidies to provide incentives to the savings efforts of low income workers, coupled with an effective safety net for the extreme poor who have no capacity to contribute to financing their own social protection arrangements. It also argues for the consolidation of programs and harmonization of benefits packages across different insurers. The book develops an overall conceptual framework and presents in-depth analysis of the main SP sectors of pensions, health, unemployment insurance and safety net transfers.
Author : Carmelo Mesa-Lago
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Political Science
ISBN : UCSD:31822008010050
Author : Carmelo Mesa-Lago
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Pre
Page : 373 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1978-11-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9780822976202
A comprehensive and sophisticated study of the relationship between social security policy and inequality in Latin America. Individual case studies of Chile, Uruguay, Peru, Argentina, and Mexico are presented, that provide a historical analysis of each country's social security policy, the pressure groups involved, the present structure of the systems, and a statistical examination of the inequality among these pressure groups.
Author : Guillermo Perry
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821370933
Analyzes informality in Latin America, exploring root causes and reasons for and implications of its growth. This book uses two distinct but complementary lenses. It concludes that reducing informality levels and overcoming the "culture of informality" will require actions to increase aggregate productivity in the economy.
Author : Norman A. Loayza
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 60 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Costos - America Latina
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 59 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1988-02-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781451921373
The paper surveys the major economic, financial, and administrative issues that confront social security systems in Latin America. The larger systems have contributed substantially to public sector financial disequilibria. Expenditures of the younger systems with more limited coverage could increase dramatically as the pension plan matures, life expectancy increases, and coverage is broadened, but the narrow revenue base will force a tradeoff between broader coverage and the generosity of benefits. Most plans are pay-as-you-go, and the case for full or partial funding is not found to be compelling. The inflationary environment can have a substantial effect on the financial balance, even under full indexation.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Employee rights
ISBN : UIUC:30112104421174
Author : Helena Ribe,David Robalino,Ian Walker
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 455 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2012-03-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780821389065
This study highlights the interaction between social protection (SP) programs and labor markets in the Latin America region. It presents new evidence on the limited coverage of existing programs and emphasizes the challenges caused by high informality for achieving universal social protection for old age income, health, unemployment risks and anti-poverty safety nets. It identifies interaction effects between SP programs and the behavioral responses of workers, firms and social protection providers, which can further undermine efforts to expand coverage, summarizing evidence from recent work across the region. The book argues for a re-design of financing to eliminate cross subsidies between members of contributory programs and subsidies that effectively tax income from formal employment. It advocates well-targeted, tax-funded, tapered subsidies to provide incentives to the savings efforts of low-income workers, coupled with an effective safety net for the extreme poor who have no capacity to contribute to financing their own social protection arrangements. It also argues for the consolidation of programs and harmonization of benefits packages across different insurers. The book develops an overall conceptual framework and presents in-depth analysis of the main SP sectors of pensions, health, unemployment insurance and labor market programs, and safety net transfers.
Author : Markus Frölich,David Kaplan,Carmen Pagés,Jamele Rigolini,David Robalino
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2014-12-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780191508363
Most countries implement social protection programs to help individuals manage risks such as unemployment, disability, illness, longevity or death. In many middle income countries, these are often based on a 'Bismarckian model' (named after Otto von Bismarck), where benefits are financed by contributions levied on salaried employment. In countries with a large informal sector, however, only a fraction of the population is covered by this system and non-contributory programs have been added or are planned to increase coverage. This can create distortions in the labor market, and the book is about policies to expand the coverage of social insurance programs to all workers, without reducing incentives to job creation and formal work. While few would argue against the need and social merits of social insurance and social assistance programs there are growing concerns about their unintended consequences on labor markets because of poor design. The programs can distort incentives and individual behaviors in ways that either reduce employment levels and/or promote informality, ultimately affecting productivity and economic performance. For instance, high social security contribution rates can reduce formal employment; badly designed unemployment benefits can reduce incentives to keep, search, and take jobs; and fragmented social assistance programs can become a tax on formal labor and encourage informality. The book reviews the evidence regarding the effects of social insurance and social assistance programs on labor market outcomes and discusses options to improve their design and implementation. The book focuses particularly on middle income countries in Latin America and Asia with a large informal sector and suggests ways to reduce these distortions and better manage and finance the subsidies to make coverage universal, while creating good jobs. The book compiles expert papers from the joint conferences of the World Bank (WB), the Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) and the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) on Employment and Development.
Author : United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
Publisher : United Nations
Page : 476 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2016-02-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789210575218
This book reflects on the public policies, programmes and regulatory frameworks that are taking a rights-based approach to expanding social protection coverage and benefits in Latin America, with a view to achieving universal coverage. Its discussion of the policy tools and programmes pursued in the region aims to provide the reader with technical and programmatic insights for assembling and coordinating public policies within consistent and sustainable social protection systems. The combination of normative orientations and stock of technical knowledge, together with advances regarding the rights-based approach to social protection within a life cycle framework, afford the reader not only a tool box of specific social protection instruments, but also an in-depth examination of related political economy aspects.
Author : Francisco E. B. Oliveira,Francisco E. Barreto de Oliveira
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCSD:31822018992966
But Latin America now faces economic and social challenges that are forcing policymakers to find ways to reform social security. Insufficient funding and a lack of incentive to improve quality and efficiency have compromised many programs, and today they often do not reach those who most urgently need them. Large deficits, low contribution rates, widespread tax evasion, and increasing insolvency exacerbate the problem.
Author : Dirk Kruijt,Carlos Sojo,Rebeca Grynspan
Publisher : Thela Publishers
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Social Science
ISBN : UTEXAS:059173016615224
Author : Ina Snyman
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : Social security
ISBN : CORNELL:31924062286665
Author : Natália Sátyro,Eloísa del Pino,Carmen Midaglia
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 361 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2021-02-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783030612702
This book explores the scope of reforms and changes in the social protection systems in Latin America that have started at the beginning of the 21st century. It describes how and to what extent changes in social protection systems and social policies have occurred in the region in recent decades. Taking a comparative approach, the volume identifies the triggers for the transformations and how such pressures are received by the welfare regime, or a specific policy sector, to finally yield a given type of reform. The analysis is characterized by the presence of certain factors that explain the development of social protection systems in Latin America, such as economic growth, the consolidation of democratic political regimes, and the region’s Left Turns. The book also examines to what extent common challenges and processes induced by international institutions have led to convergence among countries or welfare regimes, or whether each maintains its own identity.