Social Security Programs And Retirement Around The World

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Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World

Axel Börsch-Supan,Courtney C. Coile
Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World Book PDF

Author : Axel Börsch-Supan,Courtney C. Coile
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 481 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2021-03-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226674247

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Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World by Axel Börsch-Supan,Courtney C. Coile Pdf

This ninth phase of the International Social Security project, which studies the experiences of twelve developed countries, examines the effects of public pension reform on employment at older ages. In the past two decades, men’s labor force participation at older ages has increased, reversing a long-term pattern of decline; participation rates for older women have increased dramatically as well. While better health, more education, and changes in labor-supply behavior of married couples may have affected this trend, these factors alone cannot explain the magnitude of the employment increase or its large variation across countries. The studies in this volume explore how financial incentives to work at older ages have evolved as a result of public pension reforms since 1980 and how these changes have affected retirement behavior. Utilizing a common template to analyze the developments across countries, the findings suggest that social security reforms have strengthened the financial returns to working at older ages and that these enhanced financial incentives have contributed to the rise in late-life employment.

Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World

Courtney C. Coile,Kevin Milligan,David A. Wise
Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World Book PDF

Author : Courtney C. Coile,Kevin Milligan,David A. Wise
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 347 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2019-12-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226619293

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Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World by Courtney C. Coile,Kevin Milligan,David A. Wise Pdf

In developed countries, men’s labor force participation at older ages has increased in recent years, reversing a decades-long pattern of decline. Participation rates for older women have also been rising. What explains these patterns, and the differences in them across countries? The answers to these questions are pivotal as countries face fiscal and retirement security challenges posed by longer life-spans. This eighth phase of the International Social Security project, which compares the social security and retirement experiences of twelve developed countries, documents trends in participation and employment and explores reasons for the rising participation rates of older workers. The chapters use a common template for analysis, which facilitates comparison of results across countries. Using within-country natural experiments and cross-country comparisons, the researchers study the impact of improving health and education, changes in the occupation mix, the retirement incentives of social security programs, and the emergence of women in the workplace, on labor markets. The findings suggest that social security reforms and other factors such as the movement of women into the labor force have played an important role in labor force participation trends.

Social Security Programs and Retirement Around the World

David A. Wise
Social Security Programs and Retirement Around the World Book PDF

Author : David A. Wise
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 559 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2016-01-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226262574

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Social Security Programs and Retirement Around the World by David A. Wise Pdf

"Research has shown that disability insurance programs can play a large role in the departure of older persons from the labor force, as many workers pass through disability insurance on their path from employment to retirement. But what is the real effect that disability insurance programs have on labor-force participation in different countries? David A. Wise authoritatively tackles this question. This volume’s research encompasses the globe, traveling from Belgium to Canada to Japan and the United States, and covers the provisions of disability insurance programs as well as other pathways to retirement in over twelve countries."--From publisher description.

Social Security Programs and Retirement Around the World

David A. Wise
Social Security Programs and Retirement Around the World Book PDF

Author : David A. Wise
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2017-06-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226442877

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Social Security Programs and Retirement Around the World by David A. Wise Pdf

In recent years, the retirement age for public pensions has increased across many countries, and additional increases are in progress or under discussion in many more. The seventh stage of an ongoing research project studying the relationship between social security programs and labor force participation, Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World: The Capacity to Work at Older Ages explores people’s capacity to work beyond the current retirement age. It brings together an international team of scholars from twelve countries—Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States—to analyze this issue. Contributors find that many—but not all—individuals have substantial capacity to work at older ages. However, they also consider how policymakers might divide gains in life expectancy between years of work and retirement, as well as the main impediments to longer work life. They consider factors that influence the demand for older workers, as well as the evolution of health and disability status, which may affect labor supply from the older population.

Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World

Jonathan Gruber,David A. Wise
Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World Book PDF

Author : Jonathan Gruber,David A. Wise
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2009-02-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226310008

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Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World by Jonathan Gruber,David A. Wise Pdf

The future of Social Security is troubled, both in the United States and in most other developed countries with aging populations. As improvements in health care and changes in life styles enable retirees to live longer than ever before, the stress on national budgets will increase substantially. In Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World, Jonathan Gruber, David A. Wise, and experts in many countries examine the consequences of reforming retirement benefits in a dozen nations. Drawing on the work of an international group of noted economists, the editors argue that social security programs provide strong incentives for workers to leave the labor force by retiring and taking the benefits to which they are entitled. By penalizing work, social security systems magnify the increased financial burden caused by aging populations, thus contributing to the insolvency of the system. This book is a model of comparative analysis that evaluates the effects of illustrative policies for countries facing the impending rapid growth of social security benefits. Its insights will help inform one of the most pressing debates.

Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World

Jonathan Gruber,David A. Wise
Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World Book PDF

Author : Jonathan Gruber,David A. Wise
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 752 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2009-02-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780226309989

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Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World by Jonathan Gruber,David A. Wise Pdf

Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World represents the second stage of an ongoing research project studying the relationship between social security and labor. In the first volume, Jonathan Gruber and David A. Wise revealed enormous disincentives to continued work at older ages in developed countries. Provisions of many social security programs typically encourage retirement by reducing pay for work, inducing older employees to leave the labor force early and magnifying the financial burden caused by an aging population. At a certain age there is simply no financial benefit to continuing to work. In this volume, the authors turn to a country-by-country analysis of retirement behavior based on micro-data. The result of research compiled by teams in twelve countries, the volume shows an almost uniform correlation between levels of social security incentives and retirement behavior in each country. The estimates also show that the effect is strikingly uniform in countries with very different cultural histories, labor market institutions, and other social characteristics.

Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World

David A. Wise
Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World Book PDF

Author : David A. Wise
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 470 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2012-09-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226921952

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Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World by David A. Wise Pdf

In nearly every industrialized country, large aging populations and increased life expectancy have placed enormous pressure on social security programs—and, until recently, the pressure has been compounded by a trend toward retirement at an earlier age. With a larger fraction of the population receiving benefits, in coming decades social security in many countries may have to be reformed in order to remain financially viable. This volume offers a cross-country analysis of the effects of disability insurance programs on labor force participation by older workers. Drawing on measures of health that are comparable across countries, the authors explore the extent to which differences in the labor force are determined by disability insurance programs and to what extent disability insurance reforms are prompted by the circumstances of a country’s elderly population.

Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World

Courtney C. Coile,Kevin Milligan,David A. Wise
Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World Book PDF

Author : Courtney C. Coile,Kevin Milligan,David A. Wise
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 347 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2020-01-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226619323

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Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World by Courtney C. Coile,Kevin Milligan,David A. Wise Pdf

In developed countries, men’s labor force participation at older ages has increased in recent years, reversing a decades-long pattern of decline. Participation rates for older women have also been rising. What explains these patterns, and the differences in them across countries? The answers to these questions are pivotal as countries face fiscal and retirement security challenges posed by longer life-spans. This eighth phase of the International Social Security project, which compares the social security and retirement experiences of twelve developed countries, documents trends in participation and employment and explores reasons for the rising participation rates of older workers. The chapters use a common template for analysis, which facilitates comparison of results across countries. Using within-country natural experiments and cross-country comparisons, the researchers study the impact of improving health and education, changes in the occupation mix, the retirement incentives of social security programs, and the emergence of women in the workplace, on labor markets. The findings suggest that social security reforms and other factors such as the movement of women into the labor force have played an important role in labor force participation trends.

Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World

Jonathan Gruber,David A. Wise
Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World Book PDF

Author : Jonathan Gruber,David A. Wise
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2010-04-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226309507

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Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World by Jonathan Gruber,David A. Wise Pdf

Many countries have social security systems that are currently financially unsustainable. Economists and policy makers have long studied this problem and identified two key causes. First, as declining birth rates raise the share of older persons in the population, the ratio of retirees to benefits-paying employees increases. Second, as falling mortality rates increase lifespans, retirees receive benefits for longer than in the past. Further exacerbating the situation, the provisions of social security programs often provide strong incentives to leave the labor force. Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World offers comparative analysis from twelve countries and examines the issue of age in the labor force. A notable group of contributors analyzes the relationship between incentives to retire and the proportion of older persons in the workforce, the effects that reforming social security would have on the employment rates of older workers, and how extending labor force participation will affect program costs. Dispelling the myth that employing older workers takes jobs away from the young, this timely volume challenges a raft of existing assumptions about the relationship between old and young people in the workforce.

Aging and the Macroeconomy

National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications,Committee on the Long-Run Macroeconomic Effects of the Aging U.S. Population
Aging and the Macroeconomy Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications,Committee on the Long-Run Macroeconomic Effects of the Aging U.S. Population
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2013-01-10
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309261968

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Aging and the Macroeconomy by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications,Committee on the Long-Run Macroeconomic Effects of the Aging U.S. Population Pdf

The United States is in the midst of a major demographic shift. In the coming decades, people aged 65 and over will make up an increasingly large percentage of the population: The ratio of people aged 65+ to people aged 20-64 will rise by 80%. This shift is happening for two reasons: people are living longer, and many couples are choosing to have fewer children and to have those children somewhat later in life. The resulting demographic shift will present the nation with economic challenges, both to absorb the costs and to leverage the benefits of an aging population. Aging and the Macroeconomy: Long-Term Implications of an Older Population presents the fundamental factors driving the aging of the U.S. population, as well as its societal implications and likely long-term macroeconomic effects in a global context. The report finds that, while population aging does not pose an insurmountable challenge to the nation, it is imperative that sensible policies are implemented soon to allow companies and households to respond. It offers four practical approaches for preparing resources to support the future consumption of households and for adapting to the new economic landscape.

Social Security Programs and Retirement Around the World

Courtney Coile,Kevin S. Milligan,David A. Wise
Social Security Programs and Retirement Around the World Book PDF

Author : Courtney Coile,Kevin S. Milligan,David A. Wise
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 31 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Age and employment
ISBN : OCLC:1035956249

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Social Security Programs and Retirement Around the World by Courtney Coile,Kevin S. Milligan,David A. Wise Pdf

This is the introduction and summary to the eighth phase of an ongoing project on Social Security Programs and Retirement Around the World. This project, which compares the experiences of a dozen developed countries, was launched in the mid 1990s following decades of decline in the labor force participation rate of older men. The first several phases of the project document that social security program provisions can create powerful incentives for retirement that are strongly correlated with the labor force behavior of older workers. Subsequent phases of the project have explored disability program provisions and their effects on retirement as well as potential obstacles to promoting work at older ages, including whether there is a link between older employment and youth unemployment and whether older individuals are healthy enough to work longer. In the two decades since the project began, the dramatic decline in men's labor force participation has ended and been replaced by sharply rising participation rates. Older women's participation has been rising as well. In this eighth phase of the project, we explore this phenomenon of working longer. We document trends in participation and employment and also consider factors that may help to explain these changes in behavior. We conclude that social security reforms as well as other factors such as the movement of women into the labor force have likely played an important role.

Retirement Income

Christian E. Weller
Retirement Income Book PDF

Author : Christian E. Weller
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Retirement income
ISBN : IND:30000111197970

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Retirement Income by Christian E. Weller Pdf

Examines social security benefits within the context of other retirement savings programme.

Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World

David A. Wise
Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World Book PDF

Author : David A. Wise
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2017-06-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226442907

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Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World by David A. Wise Pdf

In recent years, the retirement age for public pensions has increased across many countries, and additional increases are in progress or under discussion in many more. The seventh stage of an ongoing research project studying the relationship between social security programs and labor force participation, Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World: The Capacity to Work at Older Ages explores people’s capacity to work beyond the current retirement age. It brings together an international team of scholars from twelve countries—Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States—to analyze this issue. Contributors find that many—but not all—individuals have substantial capacity to work at older ages. However, they also consider how policymakers might divide gains in life expectancy between years of work and retirement, as well as the main impediments to longer work life. They consider factors that influence the demand for older workers, as well as the evolution of health and disability status, which may affect labor supply from the older population.

Social Security Programs and Retirement Around the World

Axel Börsch-Supan,Courtney Coile
Social Security Programs and Retirement Around the World Book PDF

Author : Axel Börsch-Supan,Courtney Coile
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 26 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Age and employment
ISBN : OCLC:1066745146

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Social Security Programs and Retirement Around the World by Axel Börsch-Supan,Courtney Coile Pdf

This is the introduction and summary to the ninth phase of an ongoing project on Social Security Programs and Retirement Around the World. This project, which compares the experiences of a dozen developed countries, was launched in the mid 1990s, following decades of decline in the labor force participation rate of older men. The first several phases of the project document that social security program provisions can create powerful incentives for retirement that are strongly correlated with the labor force behavior of older workers. Subsequent phases have explored how disability program provisions affect retirement, whether there is a link between older employment and youth unemployment, and whether older individuals are healthy enough to work longer. In the two decades since the project began, the dramatic decline in men’s labor force participation has been replaced by sharply rising participation rates. Older women’s participation has increased dramatically as well. Over this same period, countries have undertaken numerous reforms of their social security programs, disability programs, and other public benefit programs available to older workers. In this ninth phase of the project, we explore how the financial incentive to work at older ages has evolved from 1980 to the present. We highlight the important role of reforms in these changing incentives and examine how changing incentives may have affected retirement behavior.

Social Security and Early Retirement

Robert Fenge,Pierre Pestieau
Social Security and Early Retirement Book PDF

Author : Robert Fenge,Pierre Pestieau
Publisher : CESifo Book
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCSC:32106018706736

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Social Security and Early Retirement by Robert Fenge,Pierre Pestieau Pdf

Theoretical and empirical analysis of the relationship between retirement decision and pension systems, with policy recommendations for reversing the current trend toward early retirement. The contrasting trends toward earlier retirement and greater longevity have resulted in steadily increasing retirement costs over the last forty years. One important factor influencing early retirement decisions is the expansion of retirement benefits; but studies predict that most countries, particularly those with early retirement incentives, will be unable to meet future pension and social security obligations. In this timely CESifo volume, Robert Fenge and Pierre Pestieau examine empirical and theoretical evidence that explains why early retirement has become such a burden for social security systems and suggest pension system reforms that will reverse the trend. Drawing on evidence from the European Union (with comparisons to other industrialized countries including the United States and Canada), the authors demonstrate that the effective retirement age is influenced by social security regulations (such as a change in eligibility age) and discuss ways of measuring these embedded incentives. Fenge and Pestieau examine the implicit taxes on prolonged working life from normative and political economy perspectives. They discuss optimal payroll tax rates that minimize distortions of labor supply and retirement decisions and consider alternative ways to finance benefits, including consumption and capital income taxation. They discuss why policies are designed to discourage employment among older workers and why reforms to counter this often meet resistance. They demonstrate, contrary to the belief of many European governments, that pushing older workers into retirement does not free jobs for young unemployed workers. They show that the gap between salaries and productivity is an incentive for employers to rid themselves of older workers and argue that governments should not support this behavior by compensating older workers for the difference between severance payments and salaries in early retirement programs.