Socioeconomic Effects Of The National Flood Insurance Program

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Socioeconomic Effects of the National Flood Insurance Program

James P. Howard, II
Socioeconomic Effects of the National Flood Insurance Program Book PDF

Author : James P. Howard, II
Publisher : Springer
Page : 124 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2016-04-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783319290638

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Socioeconomic Effects of the National Flood Insurance Program by James P. Howard, II Pdf

This Brief presents a benefit-cost analysis of the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) as well as an evaluation of its cumulative socioeconomic effects. Created by Congress in 1968, the NFIP provides flood insurance protection to property owners, in return for local government commitment to sound floodplain management. Since 1994, the NFIP has included a Flood Mitigation Assistance (FMA) program to provide local communities with support for flood mitigation. This book offers quantitative evidence of the net social benefit of the NFIP for the years 1996-2010, including an independent assessment of the consumer benefit. Second, it provides distributionally weighted analysis to show the socioeconomic effects of payments and claims. Finally, this Brief includes an analysis of the change in government revenue attributable to the NFIP and FMA programs. The models used in each component of the analysis are usable by others for extending and revising the analysis. Providing a comprehensive analysis of this increasingly important federal policy, this Brief will be of use to students of environmental economics and public policy as well as those interested in risk management in the era of climate change.

The National Flood Insurance Program's Market Penetration Rate

Lloyd S. Dixon
The National Flood Insurance Program s Market Penetration Rate Book PDF

Author : Lloyd S. Dixon
Publisher : Rand Infrastructure Safety and Environment and Institute for Civil Justice
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2006-01-01
Category : Flood insurance
ISBN : 0833039083

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The National Flood Insurance Program's Market Penetration Rate by Lloyd S. Dixon Pdf

Flooding is a major source of loss to individuals and businesses in the United States. Private insurers have historically been unable to provide flood insurance at affordable rates, and until the establishment of the National Flood Insurance Program in 1968, the primary recourse for flood victims was government disaster assistance. Congress adopted this program in response to the ongoing unavailability of private insurance and continued increases in federal disaster assistance. The Federal Emergency Management Agency is currently conducting a major evaluation of the program's goals and performance. This report contributes to that evaluation by developing more reliable estimates of the proportion of single-family homes (excluding condominiums) that have flood insurance (the market penetration rate); by identifying factors that determine the market penetration rate; and by examining some of the opportunities for, and the potential benefits of, increasing the market penetration rate.

Financial Management of Flood Risk

OECD
Financial Management of Flood Risk Book PDF

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2016-07-29
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264257689

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Financial Management of Flood Risk by OECD Pdf

Disasters present a broad range of human, social, financial, economic and environmental impacts, with potentially long-lasting effects. This report applies the lessons from the OECD’s analysis of disaster risk financing practices and its risk guidance to the specific case of floods.

Underwater

Rebecca Elliott
Underwater Book PDF

Author : Rebecca Elliott
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2021-01-05
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780231548816

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Underwater by Rebecca Elliott Pdf

Communities around the United States face the threat of being underwater. This is not only a matter of rising waters reaching the doorstep. It is also the threat of being financially underwater, owning assets worth less than the money borrowed to obtain them. Many areas around the country may become economically uninhabitable before they become physically unlivable. In Underwater, Rebecca Elliott explores how families, communities, and governments confront problems of loss as the climate changes. She offers the first in-depth account of the politics and social effects of the U.S. National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), which provides flood insurance protection for virtually all homes and small businesses that require it. In doing so, the NFIP turns the risk of flooding into an immediate economic reality, shaping who lives on the waterfront, on what terms, and at what cost. Drawing on archival, interview, ethnographic, and other documentary data, Elliott follows controversies over the NFIP from its establishment in the 1960s to the present, from local backlash over flood maps to Congressional debates over insurance reform. Though flood insurance is often portrayed as a rational solution for managing risk, it has ignited recurring fights over what is fair and valuable, what needs protecting and what should be let go, who deserves assistance and on what terms, and whose expectations of future losses are used to govern the present. An incisive and comprehensive consideration of the fundamental dilemmas of moral economy underlying insurance, Underwater sheds new light on how Americans cope with loss as the water rises.

Framing the Challenge of Urban Flooding in the United States

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Policy and Global Affairs,Program on Risk, Resilience, and Extreme Events,Committee on Urban Flooding in the United States
Framing the Challenge of Urban Flooding in the United States Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Policy and Global Affairs,Program on Risk, Resilience, and Extreme Events,Committee on Urban Flooding in the United States
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 101 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2019-04-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309489614

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Framing the Challenge of Urban Flooding in the United States by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Policy and Global Affairs,Program on Risk, Resilience, and Extreme Events,Committee on Urban Flooding in the United States Pdf

Flooding is the natural hazard with the greatest economic and social impact in the United States, and these impacts are becoming more severe over time. Catastrophic flooding from recent hurricanes, including Superstorm Sandy in New York (2012) and Hurricane Harvey in Houston (2017), caused billions of dollars in property damage, adversely affected millions of people, and damaged the economic well-being of major metropolitan areas. Flooding takes a heavy toll even in years without a named storm or event. Major freshwater flood events from 2004 to 2014 cost an average of $9 billion in direct damage and 71 lives annually. These figures do not include the cumulative costs of frequent, small floods, which can be similar to those of infrequent extreme floods. Framing the Challenge of Urban Flooding in the United States contributes to existing knowledge by examining real-world examples in specific metropolitan areas. This report identifies commonalities and variances among the case study metropolitan areas in terms of causes, adverse impacts, unexpected problems in recovery, or effective mitigation strategies, as well as key themes of urban flooding. It also relates, as appropriate, causes and actions of urban flooding to existing federal resources or policies.

The National Flood Insurance Program

Illinois. Governor's Task Force on Flood Control
The National Flood Insurance Program Book PDF

Author : Illinois. Governor's Task Force on Flood Control
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 80 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1974
Category : Flood control
ISBN : UIUC:30112122602870

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The National Flood Insurance Program by Illinois. Governor's Task Force on Flood Control Pdf

A Unified National Program for Floodplain Management

United States. Interagency Task Force on Floodplain Management
A Unified National Program for Floodplain Management Book PDF

Author : United States. Interagency Task Force on Floodplain Management
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Flood control
ISBN : UIUC:30112003195507

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A Unified National Program for Floodplain Management by United States. Interagency Task Force on Floodplain Management Pdf

Prepared by the Interagency Task Force on Floodplain Management. Includes National Flood Insurance Program.

Affordability of National Flood Insurance Program Premiums

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on Affordability of National Flood Insurance Program Premiums
Affordability of National Flood Insurance Program Premiums Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on Affordability of National Flood Insurance Program Premiums
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 151 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2016-01-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309380805

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Affordability of National Flood Insurance Program Premiums by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on Affordability of National Flood Insurance Program Premiums Pdf

When Congress authorized the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) in 1968, it intended for the program to encourage community initiatives in flood risk management, charge insurance premiums consistent with actuarial pricing principles, and encourage the purchase of flood insurance by owners of flood prone properties, in part, by offering affordable premiums. The NFIP has been reauthorized many times since 1968, most recently with the Biggert-Waters Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2012 (BW 2012). In this most recent reauthorization, Congress placed a particular emphasis on setting flood insurance premiums following actuarial pricing principles, which was motivated by a desire to ensure future revenues were adequate to pay claims and administrative expenses. BW 2012 was designed to move the NFIP towards risk-based premiums for all flood insurance policies. The result was to be increased premiums for some policyholders that had been paying less than NFIP risk-based premiums and to possibly increase premiums for all policyholders. Recognition of this possibility and concern for the affordability of flood insurance is reflected in sections of the Homeowner Flood Insurance Affordability Act of 2014 (HFIAA 2014). These sections called on FEMA to propose a draft affordability framework for the NFIP after completing an analysis of the efforts of possible programs for offering "means-tested assistance" to policyholders for whom higher rates may not be affordable. BW 2012 and HFIAA 2014 mandated that FEMA conduct a study, in cooperation with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, which would compare the costs of a program of risk-based rates and means-tested assistance to the current system of subsidized flood insurance rates and federally funded disaster relief for people without coverage. Production of two reports was agreed upon to fulfill this mandate. This second report proposes alternative approaches for a national evaluation of affordability program policy options and includes lessons for the design of a national study from a proof-of-concept pilot study.

Feasibility Report for Water Resources Development

United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Sacramento District
Feasibility Report for Water Resources Development Book PDF

Author : United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Sacramento District
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Flood control
ISBN : UCR:31210025008325

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Feasibility Report for Water Resources Development by United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Sacramento District Pdf

The Economic Impacts of Natural Disasters

Debarati Guha-Sapir,Indhira Santos,Alexandre Borde
The Economic Impacts of Natural Disasters Book PDF

Author : Debarati Guha-Sapir,Indhira Santos,Alexandre Borde
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 341 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2013-05-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780199841936

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The Economic Impacts of Natural Disasters by Debarati Guha-Sapir,Indhira Santos,Alexandre Borde Pdf

This work combines research and empirical evidence on the economic costs of disasters with theoretical approaches. It provides new insights on how to assess and manage the costs and impacts of disaster prevention, mitigation, recovery and adaption, and much more.