Sources Emission And Exposure For Trichloroethylene Tce And Related Chemicals

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WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality

Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 488 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : House & Home
ISBN : UCBK:C105261333

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WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality by Anonim Pdf

This book presents WHO guidelines for the protection of public health from risks due to a number of chemicals commonly present in indoor air. The substances considered in this review, i.e. benzene, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, naphthalene, nitrogen dioxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (especially benzo[a]pyrene), radon, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene, have indoor sources, are known in respect of their hazardousness to health and are often found indoors in concentrations of health concern. The guidelines are targeted at public health professionals involved in preventing health risks of environmental exposures, as well as specialists and authorities involved in the design and use of buildings, indoor materials and products. They provide a scientific basis for legally enforceable standards.

Chlorinated Solvents

Author : Robert D Morrison,Brian L Murphy
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2015-11-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781782626077

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Chlorinated Solvents by Robert D Morrison,Brian L Murphy Pdf

Environmental forensics is emerging and evolving into a recognized scientific discipline with numerous applications, especially regarding chlorinated solvents. This unique book provides the reader with a concise compilation of information regarding the use of environmental forensic techniques for age dating and identification of the source of a chlorinated solvent release. Concentrating on the five commonly encountered chlorinated solvents (perchloroethylene, trichloroethylene, methyl chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and CFC-113), forensic opportunities applicable to each are presented including the use of stabilizers, manufacturing impurities, surrogate chemicals and physical measurements and degradation products as diagnostic indicators. Detailed historical chronology of the applications of the solvents and specific chapters devoted to dry cleaning and vapor degreasing equipment are included as are generic forensic approaches. Forming a basis for further ideas in the evolution of environmental forensic techniques, Chlorinated Solvents will be an indispensable reference tool for researchers, regulators and analysts in the field.

National Exposure Registry

Author : United States. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Drinking water
ISBN : UOM:39015041347082

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National Exposure Registry by United States. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Pdf

Review of DOD's Approach to Deriving an Occupational Exposure Level for Trichloroethylene

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee to Review DOD's Approach to Deriving an Occupational Exposure Limit for TCE
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 77 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2019-12-13
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309499279

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Review of DOD's Approach to Deriving an Occupational Exposure Level for Trichloroethylene by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee to Review DOD's Approach to Deriving an Occupational Exposure Limit for TCE Pdf

Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a solvent that is used as a degreasing agent, a chemical intermediate in refrigerant manufacture, and a component of spot removers and adhesives. It is produced in mass quantities but creates dangerous vapors and is an environmental contaminant at many industrial and government facilities, including facilities run by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). It is important to determine the safe occupational exposure level (OEL) for the solvent in order to protect the health of workers who are exposed to its vapors. However, there are concerns that the current occupational standards insufficiently protect workers from these health threats. Review of DOD's Approach to Deriving an Occupational Exposure Level for Trichloroethylene makes recommendations to improve the DoD's approach to developing an OEL for TCE, strengthen transparency of the process, and improve confidence in the final OEL value. This report reviews the DoD's approach using a literature review, evidence synthesis based on weight of evidence [WOE], point-of-departure derivation, physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling, extrapolation tools, and explores other elements of the process of deriving an OEL for TCE. It examines scientific approaches to developing exposure values and cancer risk levels, defining the scope of the problem, and improving hazard identification.

Environmental Medicine

Author : Institute of Medicine,Committee on Curriculum Development in Environmental Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 988 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1995-05-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309051408

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Environmental Medicine by Institute of Medicine,Committee on Curriculum Development in Environmental Medicine Pdf

People are increasingly concerned about potential environmental health hazards and often ask their physicians questions such as: "Is the tap water safe to drink?" "Is it safe to live near power lines?" Unfortunately, physicians often lack the information and training related to environmental health risks needed to answer such questions. This book discusses six competency based learning objectives for all medical school students, discusses the relevance of environmental health to specific courses and clerkships, and demonstrates how to integrate environmental health into the curriculum through published case studies, some of which are included in one of the book's three appendices. Also included is a guide on where to obtain additional information for treatment, referral, and follow-up for diseases with possible environmental and/or occupational origins.

Environmental Investigation and Remediation

Author : Thomas K.G. Mohr
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2016-04-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780203489376

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Environmental Investigation and Remediation by Thomas K.G. Mohr Pdf

A ubiquitous, largely overlooked groundwater contaminant, 1,4-dioxane escaped notice by almost everyone until the late 1990s. While some dismissed 1,4-dioxane because it was not regulated, others were concerned and required testing and remediation at sites they oversaw. Drawing years of 1,4-dioxane research into a convenient resource, Environmental

EPA National Publications Catalog

Author : United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Environmental protection
ISBN : MINN:31951D02327872M

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EPA National Publications Catalog by United States. Environmental Protection Agency Pdf

Trichloroethylene: Toxicity and Health Risks

Author : Kathleen M. Gilbert,Sarah J. Blossom
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2014-02-18
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781447163114

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Trichloroethylene: Toxicity and Health Risks by Kathleen M. Gilbert,Sarah J. Blossom Pdf

A comprehensive overview of the effects of trichloroethylene toxicity caused by real-life exposure levels highlighting how exposure to trichloroethylene may contribute to the etiology of several idiopathic human diseases. Discussion will focus on different kinds of modeling and how they may be used to predict functional consequences and to dissect the contribution of different mechanistic pathways, including potential mechanisms of action for trichloroethylene toxicity in different organ systems. It will explore the role of epigenetic alterations in trichloroethylene toxicity, this provides important mechanistic information and may also provide the basis for intervention therapy. Chapters will also explain how the risks from trichloroethylene exposure may be greater in certain populations based on genetic predisposition, age of exposure and co-exposure to other chemicals With contributions from international experts in the field, Trichloroethylene: Toxicity and Health Risks is an essential resource for researchers and clinicians in toxicology, immunology, medicine and public health as well as industry and government regulatory scientists involved in safety and health protection and epidemiologists, highlighting the need for interdisciplinary cooperation in solving issues of environmental toxicity.

Green Toxicology

Author : Alexandra Maertens
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2022-02-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781839162282

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Green Toxicology by Alexandra Maertens Pdf

Green toxicology is an integral part of green chemistry. One of the key goals of green chemistry is to design less toxic chemicals. Therefore, an understanding of toxicology and hazard assessment is important for any chemist working in green chemistry, but toxicology is rarely part of most chemists' education. As a consequence, chemists lack the toxicological lens necessary to view chemicals in order to design safer substitutions. This book seeks to fill that gap and demonstrate how a basic understanding of toxicology, as well as the tools of in silico and in vitro toxicology, can be an integral part of green chemistry. R&D chemists, product stewards, and toxicologists who work in the field of sustainability, can all benefit from integrating green toxicology principles into their work. Topics include in silico tools for hazard assessment, toxicity testing, and lifecycle considerations, this book aims to act as a bridge between green toxicologists and green chemists.

Assessing the Human Health Risks of Trichloroethylene

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Human Health Risks of Trichloroethylene
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2007-01-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309102834

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Assessing the Human Health Risks of Trichloroethylene by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Human Health Risks of Trichloroethylene Pdf

Trichloroethylene is a chlorinated solvent widely used as a degreasing agent in industrial and manufacturing settings. It is also used as a chemical intermediate in making other chemicals and is a component of products such as typewriter correction fluid, paint removers, adhesives, and spot removers. In 2001, EPA issued a draft health risk assessment and proposed exposure standards for trichloroethylene. PA's Scientific Advisory Board (SAB) reviewed the draft and it was issued for public comment. A number of scientific issues were raised during the course of these reviews. Assessing the Human Health Risks of Trichloroethylene identifies and assesses the key scientific issues relevant to analyzing the human health risks of trichloroethylene, considering pertinent toxicologic, epidemiologic, population susceptibility, and other available information, including relevant published scientific literature, EPA's 2001 draft health risk assessment of trichloroethylene, scientific and technical comments received by EPA from public and private sources, and additional relevant information to be provided by the sponsoring agencies. This report highlights issues critical to the development of an objective, realistic, and scientifically balanced trichloroethylene health risk assessment. Guidance for hazard characterization of trichloroethylene is presented in Chapters 2 through 10. Chapter 2 provides guidance for evaluating large sets of epidemiologic data. In Chapter 3, the committee applies this guidance as an example in its evaluation of the epidemiologic data on trichloroethylene and kidney cancer, and this example should help guide evaluations of other cancer risks. Chapter 3 also assesses new information on the kidney toxicity of trichloroethylene and its metabolites and potential modes of action. Chapters 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 evaluate the key issues regarding liver toxicity and cancer, reproductive and developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity, respiratory tract toxicity and cancer, and immunotoxicity, respectively. However, the committee's review focused on mode-of-action information to understand how trichloroethylene might affect certain processes differently in different species. Chapter 9 discusses susceptibility to trichloroethylene and its metabolites, and Chapter 10 describes important factors in considering trichloroethylene in mixtures. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic models are evaluated in Chapter 11, and guidance is provided on future directions for model development. Finally, Chapter 12 considers issues related to dose-response assessment and quantitative assessment of risk.

Introduction to Environmental Forensics

Author : Brian L. Murphy,Robert D. Morrison
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 747 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2014-07-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780124047075

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Introduction to Environmental Forensics by Brian L. Murphy,Robert D. Morrison Pdf

The third edition of Introduction to Environmental Forensics is a state-of-the-art reference for the practicing environmental forensics consultant, regulator, student, academic, and scientist, with topics including compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA), advanced multivariate statistical techniques, surrogate approaches for contaminant source identification and age dating, dendroecology, hydrofracking, releases from underground storage tanks and piping, and contaminant-transport modeling for forensic applications. Recognized international forensic scientists were selected to author chapters in their specific areas of expertise and case studies are included to illustrate the application of these methods in actual environmental forensic investigations. This edition provides updates on advances in various techniques and introduces several new topics. Provides a comprehensive review of all aspects of environmental forensics Coverage ranges from emerging statistical methods to state-of-the-art analytical techniques, such as gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry and polytopic vector analysis Numerous examples and case studies are provided to illustrate the application of these forensic techniques in environmental investigations