Southern Stalemate

Author : Christopher Bonastia
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 351 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2012-02
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780226063898

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Southern Stalemate by Christopher Bonastia Pdf

In 1959, Virginia’s Prince Edward County closed its public schools rather than obey a court order to desegregate. For five years, black children were left to fend for themselves while the courts decided if the county could continue to deny its citizens public education. Investigating this remarkable and nearly forgotten story of local, state, and federal political confrontation, Christopher Bonastia recounts the test of wills that pitted resolute African Americans against equally steadfast white segregationists in a battle over the future of public education in America. Beginning in 1951 when black high school students protested unequal facilities and continuing through the return of whites to public schools in the 1970s and 1980s, Bonastia describes the struggle over education during the civil rights era and the human suffering that came with it, as well as the inspiring determination of black residents to see justice served. Artfully exploring the lessons of the Prince Edward saga, Southern Stalemate unearths new insights about the evolution of modern conservatism and the politics of race in America.

Author : Carol Anderson
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2016-05-31
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781632864147

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White Rage by Carol Anderson Pdf

National Book Critics Circle Award Winner New York Times Bestseller USA Today Bestseller A New York Times Notable Book of the Year A Washington Post Notable Nonfiction Book of the Year A Boston Globe Best Book of 2016 A Chicago Review of Books Best Nonfiction Book of 2016 From the Civil War to our combustible present, acclaimed historian Carol Anderson reframes our continuing conversation about race, chronicling the powerful forces opposed to black progress in America. As Ferguson, Missouri, erupted in August 2014, and media commentators across the ideological spectrum referred to the angry response of African Americans as “black rage,” historian Carol Anderson wrote a remarkable op-ed in The Washington Post suggesting that this was, instead, "white rage at work. With so much attention on the flames," she argued, "everyone had ignored the kindling." Since 1865 and the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment, every time African Americans have made advances towards full participation in our democracy, white reaction has fueled a deliberate and relentless rollback of their gains. The end of the Civil War and Reconstruction was greeted with the Black Codes and Jim Crow; the Supreme Court's landmark 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision was met with the shutting down of public schools throughout the South while taxpayer dollars financed segregated white private schools; the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965 triggered a coded but powerful response, the so-called Southern Strategy and the War on Drugs that disenfranchised millions of African Americans while propelling presidents Nixon and Reagan into the White House, and then the election of America's first black President, led to the expression of white rage that has been as relentless as it has been brutal. Carefully linking these and other historical flashpoints when social progress for African Americans was countered by deliberate and cleverly crafted opposition, Anderson pulls back the veil that has long covered actions made in the name of protecting democracy, fiscal responsibility, or protection against fraud, rendering visible the long lineage of white rage. Compelling and dramatic in the unimpeachable history it relates, White Rage will add an important new dimension to the national conversation about race in America.

Author : George W. Hicks
Publisher : PublishAmerica
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2008-08-08
Category : History
ISBN : 9781462691425

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Revolutionary War Amid Southern Chaos by George W. Hicks Pdf

The mighty British army conquered the Southern colonies step by step. Important Southern towns fell to superior British military precision, destroying two Southern Continental armies in the process. But Southerners were not subdued. Amid government and military chaos, partisans, guerrillas, militia and volunteers rose like the Phoenix and helped win the Revolution. This fast-paced story describes the determination of both adversaries as they attempted to win the war in the South. From Savannah to Guilford Courthouse to Yorktown armies maneuvered under masterly leaders such as General Nathanael Greene, General George Washington, and General Lord Charles Cornwallis. Due to a change in American thought, a simmering civil war, and British mismanagement, most of the civilian population quickly sided with the rebels. Thus, the destiny of American independence rode on the shoulders of these individualist back-country citizen soldiers.

Author : Michael Todd Landis
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 345 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2014-11-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9780801454820

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Northern Men with Southern Loyalties by Michael Todd Landis Pdf

In the decade before the Civil War, Northern Democrats, although they ostensibly represented antislavery and free-state constituencies, made possible the passage of such proslavery legislation as the Compromise of 1850 and Fugitive Slave Law of the same year, the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, and the Lecompton Constitution of 1858. In Northern Men with Southern Loyalties, Michael Todd Landis forcefully contends that a full understanding of the Civil War and its causes is impossible without a careful examination of Northern Democrats and their proslavery sentiments and activities. He focuses on a variety of key Democratic politicians, such as Stephen Douglas, William Marcy, and Jesse Bright, to unravel the puzzle of Northern Democratic political allegiance to the South. As congressmen, state party bosses, convention wire-pullers, cabinet officials, and presidents, these men produced the legislation and policies that led to the fragmentation of the party and catastrophic disunion.Through a careful examination of correspondence, speeches, public and private utterances, memoirs, and personal anecdotes, Landis lays bare the desires and designs of Northern Democrats. He ventures into the complex realm of state politics and party mechanics, drawing connections between national events and district and state activity as well as between partisan dynamics and national policy. Northern Democrats had to walk a perilously thin line between loyalty to the Southern party leaders and answering to their free-state constituents. If Northern Democrats sought high office, they would have to cater to the "Slave Power." Yet, if they hoped for election at home, they had to convince voters that they were not mere lackeys of the Southern grandees.

Author : Carol Anderson,Tonya Bolden
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2020-08-06
Category : Young Adult Nonfiction
ISBN : 9781526632050

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We Are Not Yet Equal by Carol Anderson,Tonya Bolden Pdf

This young adult adaptation of the New York Times bestselling White Rage is essential antiracist reading for teens. An NAACP Image Award finalist A Kirkus Reviews Best Book of the Year A NYPL Best Book for Teens History texts often teach that the United States has made a straight line of progress toward Black equality. The reality is more complex: milestones like the end of slavery, school integration, and equal voting rights have all been met with racist legal and political maneuverings meant to limit that progress. We Are Not Yet Equal examines five of these moments: The end of the Civil War and Reconstruction was greeted with Jim Crow laws; the promise of new opportunities in the North during the Great Migration was limited when blacks were physically blocked from moving away from the South; the Supreme Court's landmark 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision was met with the shutting down of public schools throughout the South; the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965 led to laws that disenfranchised millions of African American voters and a War on Drugs that disproportionally targeted blacks; and the election of President Obama led to an outburst of violence including the death of Black teen Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri as well as the election of Donald Trump. Including photographs and archival imagery and extra context, backmatter, and resources specifically for teens, this book provides essential history to help work for an equal future.

Author : Robert N. Gross
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2017-12-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780190644598

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Public vs. Private by Robert N. Gross Pdf

Americans today choose from a dizzying array of schools, loosely lumped into categories of "public" and "private." How did these distinctions emerge in the first place, and what do they tell us about the more general relationship in the United States between public authority and private enterprise? In Public vs. Private, Robert N. Gross describes how, more than a century ago, public policies fostered the rise of modern school choice. In the late nineteenth century, American Catholics began constructing rival, urban parochial school systems, an enormous and dramatic undertaking that challenged public school systems' near-monopoly of education. In a nation deeply committed to public education, mass attendance in Catholic schools produced immense conflict. States quickly sought ways to regulate this burgeoning private sector and the competition it produced, even attempting to abolish private education altogether in the 1920s. Ultimately, however, Gross shows how the public policies that resulted produced a stable educational marketplace, where choice flourished. The creation of the educational marketplace that we have inherited today--with systematic alternatives to public schools--was as much a product of public power as of private initiative. Gross also demonstrates that schools have been key sites in the development of the American legal conceptions of "public" and "private". Landmark Supreme Court cases about the state's role in regulating private schools, such as the 1819 Dartmouth v. Woodward decision, helped define and redefine the scope of government power over private enterprise. Judges and public officials gradually blurred the meaning of "public" and "private," contributing to the broader shift in how American governments have used private entities to accomplish public aims. As ever more policies today seek to unleash market forces in education, Americans would do well to learn from the historical relationship between government, markets, and schools.

Author : Donald S. Rothchild
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0815775946

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Managing Ethnic Conflict in Africa by Donald S. Rothchild Pdf

In this book, Donald Rothchild analyzes the successes and failures of attempts at conflict resolution in different African countries and offers comprehensive ideas for successful mediation. The book demonstrates how negotiation and mediation can promote conflict resolution, along with a political environment that fosters development.

Author : Roy Licklider
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 366 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1993-05-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780814752722

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Stopping the Killing by Roy Licklider Pdf

Yugoslavia, Rwanda, Liberia, Somalia, Azerbaijan, El Salvador, Northern Ireland, Lebanon, Cambodia -- all provide bloody evidence that civil wars continue to have a powerful impact on the international scene. Because they tear at the very fabric of a society and pit countryman against countryman, civil wars are often the most brutal and difficult to extinguish -- witness the American Revolution. And yet, civil wars do inevitably end. England is no longer criss-crossed by warring armies representing York and Lancaster or King and Parliament. The French no longer kill one another over the divine right of kings. Argentines seem reconciled to living in a single state, rather than several. The ideologies of the Spanish Civil War now seem largely irrelevant. And the possibility of Southern secession is an issue long-buried in the American past. The question then begs itself: how do people who have been killing one another with considerable enthusiasm and success come together to form a common government? How can individuals and factions work together, politically and economically, with others who have killed their friends, parents, children and lovers? How are armed societies disarmed? What effect does a total military victory have on a lasting peace? In sum, how are civil societies constructed from civil violence and chaos? This is the central concern of Stopping the Killing. In this highly original and much needed volume, a distinguished group of experts on civil wars discuss both specific conflicts and broader theoretical issues. Individual chapters examine civil wars in Colombia, the Sudan, Yemen, America, Greece, and Nigeria, and analyze the causes of peace, the relationship between the battlefield and the negotiating table, and issues of settlement. An introduction and conclusion by the editor unify the volume. Contributors include: Jonathan Hartlyn (Univ. of North Carolina), Caroline Hartzell (Univ. of California, Davis), Jane E. Holl (U.S. Military Academy), John Iatrides (Southern Connecticut State University), James O'Connell (University of Bradford), Donald Rothchild (Univ. of California, Davis), Stephen John Stedman (Johns Hopkins Univ.), Robert Harrison Wagner (Univ. of Texas, Austin), Harvey Waterman (Rutgers Univ.), Manfred Wenner (Northern Illinois Univ.), and I. William Zartman (Johns Hopkins Univ.).

Author : Candace Epps-Robertson
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
Page : 166 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2018-10-02
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780822986454

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Resisting Brown by Candace Epps-Robertson Pdf

Many localities in America resisted integration in the aftermath of the Brown v. Board of Education rulings (1954, 1955). Virginia’s Prince Edward County stands as perhaps the most extreme. Rather than fund integrated schools, the county’s board of supervisors closed public schools from 1959 until 1964. The only formal education available for those locked out of school came in 1963 when the combined efforts of Prince Edward’s African American community and aides from President John F. Kennedy’s administration established the Prince Edward County Free School Association (Free School). This temporary school system would serve just over 1,500 students, both black and white, aged 6 through 23. Drawing upon extensive archival research, Resisting Brown presents the Free School as a site in which important rhetorical work took place. Candace Epps-Robertson analyzes public discourse that supported the school closures as an effort and manifestation of citizenship and demonstrates how the establishment of the Free School can be seen as a rhetorical response to white supremacist ideologies. The school’s mission statements, philosophies, and commitment to literacy served as arguments against racialized constructions of citizenship. Prince Edward County stands as a microcosm of America’s struggle with race, literacy, and citizenship.

Author : Harvey Glickman
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 2881243819

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Toward Peace and Security in Southern Africa by Harvey Glickman Pdf

First Published in 1990.This volume originates with a conference at Haverford College, April 28-30, 1989. On that weekend an international group of scholars, inside and outside governments, from Africa and elsewhere, assembled to address the theme, "Toward Peace and Security in Southern Africa." The conference was based on a sense of urgency concerning the continuing plight of the region -- reflected in the renewed state of emergency in South Africa and the declining economies in southern Africa - as well as, paradoxically, a sense of impending opportunity for South Africa and the region, as manifested in the Angola-Namibia accords recently negotiated.

Author : Derrick P. Alridge,Jon N. Hale,Tondra L. Loder-Jackson
Publisher : Univ of South Carolina Press
Page : 303 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2023-05-04
Category : History
ISBN : 9781643363769

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Schooling the Movement by Derrick P. Alridge,Jon N. Hale,Tondra L. Loder-Jackson Pdf

A fresh examination of teacher activism during the civil rights movement Southern Black educators were central contributors and activists in the civil rights movement. They contributed to the movement through their classrooms, schools, universities, and communities. Drawing on oral history interviews and archival research, Schooling the Movement examines the pedagogical activism and vital contributions of Black teachers throughout the Black freedom struggle. By illuminating teachers' activism during the long civil rights movement, the editors and contributors connect the past with the present, contextualizing teachers' longstanding role as advocates for social justice. Schooling the Movement moves beyond the prevailing understanding that activism was defined solely by litigation and direct-action forms of protest. The contributors broaden our conceptions of what it meant to actively take part in or contribute to the civil rights movement.

Author : Angus Konstam
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2013-05-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9781846035647

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Guilford Courthouse 1781 by Angus Konstam Pdf

By the Spring of 1781, the American Revolutionary War had dragged on for almost six years and the outcome still hung in the balance. When the British commander Lord Cornwallis launched his invasion of North Carolina in early 1781, his objective was to destroy General Nathaniel Greene's American army. At Guilford Courthouse on 15 March 1781 the two armies met. In a desperately hard-fought battle the small but professional British army succeeded in fighting its way through three separate lines of American troops – but at a dreadful cost. Cornwallis lost over a quarter of his command. When news of the 'victory' reached Britain, a politician remarked; 'Another such victory would ruin the British army'.

Author : American University (Washington, D.C.). Foreign Areas Studies Division
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 504 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 1964
Category : Sudan
ISBN : UCAL:B4449659

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Area Handbook for the Republic of the Sudan [by John A. Cookson and Others] by American University (Washington, D.C.). Foreign Areas Studies Division Pdf

Author : Chaiwat Satha-Anand
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2017-07-05
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351476010

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The Promise of Reconciliation? by Chaiwat Satha-Anand Pdf

The Promise of Reconciliation? explores the relationship between violence, nonviolence, and reconciliation in societal conflicts with questions such as: In what ways does violence impact the reconciliation process that necessarily follows a cessation of deadly conflict? Would an understanding of how conflict has been engaged, with violence or nonviolence, be conducive to how it could be prevented from sliding further into violence?The contributors examine international influences on the peace/reconciliation process in Indonesia's Aceh conflict, as well as the role of Muslim religious scholars in promoting peace. They also examine the effect of violence in southern Thailand, where insurgent violence has provided "leverage" during the fighting, but negatively affects post-conflict objectives. The chapter on Sri Lanka shows that "successful" violence does not necessarily end conflict?Sri Lankan society today is more polarized than it was before its civil war. The Vietnam chapter argues that the rise of nonviolent protest in Vietnam reflects a profound loss of state legitimacy, which cannot be resolved with force, while another chapter on Thailand examines "Red Sunday," a Thai political movement engaged in nonviolent protest in the face of violent government suppression. The book ends with a look at Indonesian cities, sites of ethnic conflicts, as potential abodes of peace if violence can be curtailed.

Author : Diane Neal,Thomas W. Kremm
Publisher : Mercer University Press
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1997-06
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 0865545561

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Lion of the South by Diane Neal,Thomas W. Kremm Pdf

Thomas C. Hindman, an ardent defender of slavery and state rights, was the most explosive force in Arkansas politics in the years leading up to the outbreak of the Civil War. Energetic in championing a cause, fiery of temperament, and persuasively eloquent in speech, Hindman successfully led fights against Know Nothingism and the machine that had controlled the state's politics. He carried his fight against the abolitionists to Congress and vigorously campaigned for Arkansas' secession from the Union. Mindman raised a regiment at his own expense and drafted the ordinance that created Arkansas' military board. He quickly advanced from the rank of colonel to major general and for a time was commander of the Trans-Mississippi district. When he was reassigned east of the Mississippi, he participated in some of the most pivotal battles of the war, receiving injuries at Chickamauga and the Atlanta campaign. After the war, Hindman joined other Confederate refugees in Mexico. When Maximillian's government collapsed, Hindman returned to Arkansas, unpardoned and disenfranchised, and became the leader of the "Young Democracy, " a group willing to work within the bounds of the first Reconstruction Act. He had begun to build a biracial coalition to compete with the state's Republicans when he was shot at home by an unknown assassin on 27 September 1868.