Staff Report On The Monetary And Exchange Rate Policies Of The Euro Area Supplement Updating Information On Economic And Financial Developments In The Euro Area Public Information Notice Following Consultation Statement By The Executive Director On Monetary And Exchange Rate Policies Of The Euro Area
Staff Report On The Monetary And Exchange Rate Policies Of The Euro Area Supplement Updating Information On Economic And Financial Developments In The Euro Area Public Information Notice Following Consultation Statement By The Executive Director On Monetary And Exchange Rate Policies Of The Euro Area Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle version is available to download in english. Read online anytime anywhere directly from your device. Click on the download button below to get a free pdf file of Staff Report On The Monetary And Exchange Rate Policies Of The Euro Area Supplement Updating Information On Economic And Financial Developments In The Euro Area Public Information Notice Following Consultation Statement By The Executive Director On Monetary And Exchange Rate Policies Of The Euro Area book. This book definitely worth reading, it is an incredibly well-written.
Author : International Monetary Fund Publisher : International Monetary Fund Page : 63 pages File Size : 54,8 Mb Release : 2001-11-06 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : 9781451812978
Staff Report on the Monetary and Exchange Rate Policies of the Euro Area; Supplement Updating Information on Economic and Financial Developments in the Euro Area; Public Information Notice following Consultation; Statement by the Executive Director on Monetary and Exchange Rate Policies of the Euro Area. by International Monetary Fund Pdf
A series of adverse supply and demand shocks have brought the euro area’s three-year expansion to a virtual standstill. Buoyant labor markets, which have been the hallmark of the recovery since 1997, have succumbed only gradually to the slowing of output growth. The slowdown has been pervasive throughout the area, albeit unevenly and with different cyclical implications. Recent travails notwithstanding, the second half of the 1990s saw a significant improvement in the macroeconomic performance of the euro area.
Author : International Monetary Fund Publisher : International Monetary Fund Page : 56 pages File Size : 41,9 Mb Release : 2000-11-09 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : 9781451812961
For the time being—and possibly for a considerable time to come—developments and prospects for the euro area are quite favorable. This upbeat outlook is underpinned by buoyant activity indicators and a supportive policy mix. High household and business confidence, rising capacity utilization and industrial production, strong job creation, and—so far—employment-friendly wage settlements point to sustained activity in the near term. Moreover, the macroeconomic fundamentals in the euro area appear much sounder than in previous recoveries.
Author : International Monetary Fund Publisher : International Monetary Fund Page : 63 pages File Size : 43,6 Mb Release : 2008-08-04 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : 9781451813081
Euro Area Policies by International Monetary Fund Pdf
This 2008 Article IV Consultation on euro area policies highlights that 10 years after its launch, monetary union is a distinct success and the euro area a zone of stability in the international economy. However, economic union remains work in progress. Improved wage setting and labor market reforms have contributed to the creation of some 16 million jobs over the past decade. Similarly, the single market program and product market reforms have raised productivity in affected sectors. The outlook for financial stability is highly uncertain, although the area’s financial system remains sound.
Author : International Monetary Fund Publisher : International Monetary Fund Page : 68 pages File Size : 47,9 Mb Release : 2010-07-21 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : 9781455205462
Euro Area Policies by International Monetary Fund Pdf
The EU crisis was caused by unsustainable policies in some member countries, and has put the spotlight on the deficiency of area-wide mechanisms in disciplining fiscal and structural policies. Despite a strong and far-reaching policy response, market confidence will take time to restore. Fiscal sustainability needs to be established. Growth needs to be boosted through swift implementation of structural reforms. The resilience of the banking system must be improved and its stability assured. Progress in building the EU’s financial stability architecture should be pursued.
Author : International Monetary Fund Publisher : International Monetary Fund Page : 64 pages File Size : 46,8 Mb Release : 2010-06-02 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : 9781455207473
The large capital inflows that generated a domestic demand boom in Bulgaria led to strong employment growth. But a sharp reduction in capital inflows led to a contraction of domestic demand, while the recession in Bulgaria’s trading partners caused a drop in exports. Public policies will also need to attune to the domestic demand-driven revenue boom and adjust spending growth to the new environment. Capital inflows are likely to remain low, and domestic demand is expected to decline further, requiring substantial adjustments by both the private and public sectors.
Author : International Monetary Fund Publisher : International Monetary Fund Page : 55 pages File Size : 43,5 Mb Release : 2009-09-14 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : 9781451826654
Malta’s financial sector has so far weathered the global turmoil relatively unscathed; the real economy has been decelerating since the last quarter of 2008. The staff report for Malta’s 2009 Article IV Consultation underlies economic developments and policies. The fiscal position deteriorated sharply in 2008, owing to one-offs and spending slippages. The current account deficit improved to 51⁄2 percent of GDP. The immediate goal for fiscal policy should be to mitigate the negative spillovers on activity from the global crisis without compromising the already fragile public finances.
Author : International Monetary Fund Publisher : International Monetary Fund Page : 58 pages File Size : 48,8 Mb Release : 2002-07-03 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : 9781451812466
Republic of Estonia by International Monetary Fund Pdf
This 2002 Article IV Consultation highlights that Estonia continues to be an outstanding performer among the transition economies reflecting the authorities’ continued commitment to market-based reforms, pursuit of sound macroeconomic policies, emphasis on institution building, and a commitment to transparency. In 2001, the Estonian economy showed remarkable resilience given the slowdown in economic activity among its main trading partners. Although growth decelerated somewhat compared with the previous year, the economy grew at a healthy 5.4 percent, driven largely by a pickup in investment demand.
What purpose does the EU serve? Why and how was it set up? How does it work? What has it already achieved for its citizens, and what new challenges does it face today? In a globalised world, can the EU compete successfully with other major economies while maintaining its social standards? How can immigration be managed? What will Europe’s role be on the world stage in the years ahead? Where will the EU’s boundaries be drawn? And what future is there for the euro? These are just some of the questions explored by EU expert Pascal Fontaine in this 2017 edition of his popular booklet Europe in 12 lessons. Pascal Fontaine is a former assistant to Jean Monnet and former professor at the Institut d’Études Politiques, Paris.
Author : International Monetary Fund Publisher : International Monetary Fund Page : 95 pages File Size : 50,7 Mb Release : 2009-02-06 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : 9781451882568
Italy’s 2008 Article IV Consultation describes the country's economic developments and policies. Output has been projected to contract by about ½ percent in 2008 and 1 percent in 2009, with risks tilted to the downside, linked to a further slowing of global growth and falling consumer confidence. The economy’s ability to rebound quickly is hampered by rigidities in the product and labor markets, a lack of domestic competition, a likely slower pace of industrial restructuring, and weakness of the public finances.
Central and South-Eastern Europe 2003 by Europa Publications Pdf
An in-depth survey of the region presenting the latest economic and political developments. It includes expert comment on issues of regional importance, up-to-date statistics, a directory of institutes and companies and political profiles.
Euro Area Policies by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. Pdf
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to severe socio-economic dislocations and hardship. Supported by an unprecedented policy response and by the easing of lockdown measures as the infection rate moderated, the euro area economy initially recovered strongly from the pandemic’s first wave. However, a large second wave and reimposition of containment measures suggest much slower growth momentum in the near term. The outlook is for a subdued economic recovery and low inflation, with a significant permanent output loss relative to the pre-crisis trajectory. Uncertainty remains extremely high, mainly due to different pandemic scenarios, including regarding the availability and effectiveness of potential vaccines and therapies and behavioral changes. Output growth is expected to be much lower through 2021Q1 than projected in 2020 October World Economic Outlook (WEO) but may rebound beyond then in light of recent promising news on vaccine development. The key policy challenge is to continue countering the pandemic while facilitating a robust and inclusive recovery, including by addressing the health crisis, containing economic scarring, supporting resource reallocation and transformation to greener and more digital economies, and limiting the crisis’s impact on inequality and poverty. In a downside scenario, sizable further stimulus would be needed.
Program Design in Currency Unions by International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department,International Monetary Fund. Legal Dept.,International Monetary Fund. Finance Dept.,International Monetary Fund. European Dept. Pdf
"Despite a long history of program engagement, the Fund has not developed guidance on program design in members of currency unions. The Fund has engaged with members of the four currency unions—the Central African Economic and Monetary Community, the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union, the European Monetary Union, and the West African Economic and Monetary Union—under Fund-supported programs. In some cases, union-wide institutions supported their members in undertaking adjustment under Fund-supported programs. As such, several programs incorporated—on an ad hoc basis—critical policy actions that union members had delegated. Providing general guidance on program design for members in a currency union context would fill a gap in Fund policy and help ensure consistent, transparent, and evenhanded treatment across Fund-supported programs. This paper considers two options on when and how the Fund should seek policy assurances from union-level institutions in programs of currency union members. Option 1 would involve amending the Conditionality Guidelines, which would allow the use of standard conditionality tools with respect to actions by union-level institutions. Option 2—which staff prefers—proposes formalizing current practices and providing general guidance regarding principles and modalities on policy assurances from union-level institutions in support of members’ adjustment programs. Neither option would infringe upon the independence (or legally-provided autonomy) of union-level institutions, since the institutions would decide what measures or policy actions to take—just as any independent central bank or monetary authority does, for example, in non-CU members."
