Statistical Methods In Online A B Testing

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Statistical Methods in Online A/B Testing

Author : Georgi Zdravkov Georgiev
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2019-09-28
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1694079724

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Statistical Methods in Online A/B Testing by Georgi Zdravkov Georgiev Pdf

"Statistical Methods in Online A/B Testing" is a comprehensive guide to statistics in online controlled experiments, a.k.a. A/B tests, that tackles the difficult matter of statistical inference in a way accessible to readers with little to no prior experience with it. Each concept is built from the ground up, explained thoroughly, and illustrated with practical examples from website testing. The presentation is straight to the point and practically oriented so you can apply the takeaways in your daily work.It is a must-read for anyone looking for a deep understanding of how to make data-driven business decisions through experimentation: conversion rate optimizers, product managers, growth experts, data analysts, marketing managers, experts in user experience and design. The new research presented and the fresh perspective on how to apply statistics and experimentation to achieve business goals make for an interesting read even for experienced statisticians.The book deals with scientific methods, but their introductions and explanations are grounded in the business goals they help achieve, such as innovating under controlled risk, and estimating the effect of proposed business actions before committing to them. While the book doesn't shy away from math and formulas, it is to the extent to which these are essential for understanding and applying the underlying concepts. The presentation is friendly to readers with little to no prior knowledge in statistics. Artificial and impractical examples like dice rolling and betting are absent, instead statistical concepts are illustrated through scenarios which might well be mistaken with the last couple of A/B tests you managed.This book also doesn't shy away from the fact that much of the current statistical theory and practice in online A/B testing is misguided, misinterpreted, or misapplied. It also addresses the issue of blind copying of scientific applications without due consideration of the unique features of online business, which is widespread. The book will help you avoid these malpractices by explicitly pointing out frequent mistakes, while also helping you align your usage of statistics and experimentation with any business goals you might want to pursue.

Trustworthy Online Controlled Experiments

Author : Ron Kohavi,Diane Tang,Ya Xu
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2020-04-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781108724265

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Trustworthy Online Controlled Experiments by Ron Kohavi,Diane Tang,Ya Xu Pdf

This practical guide for students, researchers and practitioners offers real world guidance for data-driven decision making and innovation.

A / B Testing

Author : Dan Siroker,Pete Koomen
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2015-07-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781118792414

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A / B Testing by Dan Siroker,Pete Koomen Pdf

How Your Business Can Use the Science That Helped Win the White House The average conversion rate—the rate at which visitors convert into customers—across the web is only 2%. That means it's likely that 98% of visitors to your website won't end up converting into customers. What's the solution? A/B testing. A/B testing is the simple idea of showing several different versions of a web page to live traffic, and then measuring the effect each version has on visitors. Using A/B testing, companies can improve the effectiveness of their marketing and user experience and, in doing so, can sometimes double or triple their conversion rates. Testing has been fundamental in driving the success of Google, Amazon, Netflix, and other top tech companies. Even Barack Obama and Mitt Romney had dedicated teams A/B testing their campaign websites during the 2012 Presidential race. In the past, marketing teams were unable to unleash the power of A/B testing because it required costly engineering and IT resources. Today, a new generation of technology that enables marketers to run A/B tests without depending on engineers is emerging and quickly becoming one of the most powerful tools for making data-driven decisions. Authors Dan Siroker and Pete Koomen are cofounders of Optimizely, the leading A/B testing platform used by more than 5,000 organizations across the world. A/B Testing: The Most Powerful Way to Turn Clicks Into Customers offers best practices and lessons learned from more than 300,000 experiments run by Optimizely customers. You'll learn: What to test How to choose the testing solution that's right for your organization How to assemble an A/B testing dream team How to create personalized experiences for every visitor And much more Marketers and web professionals will become obsolete if they don't embrace a data-driven approach to decision making. This book shows you how, no matter your technical expertise.

Statistical Methods in Water Resources

Author : D.R. Helsel,R.M. Hirsch
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 546 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1993-03-03
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 0080875084

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Statistical Methods in Water Resources by D.R. Helsel,R.M. Hirsch Pdf

Data on water quality and other environmental issues are being collected at an ever-increasing rate. In the past, however, the techniques used by scientists to interpret this data have not progressed as quickly. This is a book of modern statistical methods for analysis of practical problems in water quality and water resources. The last fifteen years have seen major advances in the fields of exploratory data analysis (EDA) and robust statistical methods. The 'real-life' characteristics of environmental data tend to drive analysis towards the use of these methods. These advances are presented in a practical and relevant format. Alternate methods are compared, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of each as applied to environmental data. Techniques for trend analysis and dealing with water below the detection limit are topics covered, which are of great interest to consultants in water-quality and hydrology, scientists in state, provincial and federal water resources, and geological survey agencies. The practising water resources scientist will find the worked examples using actual field data from case studies of environmental problems, of real value. Exercises at the end of each chapter enable the mechanics of the methodological process to be fully understood, with data sets included on diskette for easy use. The result is a book that is both up-to-date and immediately relevant to ongoing work in the environmental and water sciences.

Experimentation for Engineers

Author : David Sweet
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2023-03-21
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781638356905

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Experimentation for Engineers by David Sweet Pdf

Optimize the performance of your systems with practical experiments used by engineers in the world’s most competitive industries. In Experimentation for Engineers: From A/B testing to Bayesian optimization you will learn how to: Design, run, and analyze an A/B test Break the "feedback loops" caused by periodic retraining of ML models Increase experimentation rate with multi-armed bandits Tune multiple parameters experimentally with Bayesian optimization Clearly define business metrics used for decision-making Identify and avoid the common pitfalls of experimentation Experimentation for Engineers: From A/B testing to Bayesian optimization is a toolbox of techniques for evaluating new features and fine-tuning parameters. You’ll start with a deep dive into methods like A/B testing, and then graduate to advanced techniques used to measure performance in industries such as finance and social media. Learn how to evaluate the changes you make to your system and ensure that your testing doesn’t undermine revenue or other business metrics. By the time you’re done, you’ll be able to seamlessly deploy experiments in production while avoiding common pitfalls. About the technology Does my software really work? Did my changes make things better or worse? Should I trade features for performance? Experimentation is the only way to answer questions like these. This unique book reveals sophisticated experimentation practices developed and proven in the world’s most competitive industries that will help you enhance machine learning systems, software applications, and quantitative trading solutions. About the book Experimentation for Engineers: From A/B testing to Bayesian optimization delivers a toolbox of processes for optimizing software systems. You’ll start by learning the limits of A/B testing, and then graduate to advanced experimentation strategies that take advantage of machine learning and probabilistic methods. The skills you’ll master in this practical guide will help you minimize the costs of experimentation and quickly reveal which approaches and features deliver the best business results. What's inside Design, run, and analyze an A/B test Break the “feedback loops” caused by periodic retraining of ML models Increase experimentation rate with multi-armed bandits Tune multiple parameters experimentally with Bayesian optimization About the reader For ML and software engineers looking to extract the most value from their systems. Examples in Python and NumPy. About the author David Sweet has worked as a quantitative trader at GETCO and a machine learning engineer at Instagram. He teaches in the AI and Data Science master's programs at Yeshiva University. Table of Contents 1 Optimizing systems by experiment 2 A/B testing: Evaluating a modification to your system 3 Multi-armed bandits: Maximizing business metrics while experimenting 4 Response surface methodology: Optimizing continuous parameters 5 Contextual bandits: Making targeted decisions 6 Bayesian optimization: Automating experimental optimization 7 Managing business metrics 8 Practical considerations

Practical Statistics for Data Scientists

Author : Peter Bruce,Andrew Bruce
Publisher : "O'Reilly Media, Inc."
Page : 395 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2017-05-10
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781491952917

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Practical Statistics for Data Scientists by Peter Bruce,Andrew Bruce Pdf

Statistical methods are a key part of of data science, yet very few data scientists have any formal statistics training. Courses and books on basic statistics rarely cover the topic from a data science perspective. This practical guide explains how to apply various statistical methods to data science, tells you how to avoid their misuse, and gives you advice on what's important and what's not. Many data science resources incorporate statistical methods but lack a deeper statistical perspective. If you’re familiar with the R programming language, and have some exposure to statistics, this quick reference bridges the gap in an accessible, readable format. With this book, you’ll learn: Why exploratory data analysis is a key preliminary step in data science How random sampling can reduce bias and yield a higher quality dataset, even with big data How the principles of experimental design yield definitive answers to questions How to use regression to estimate outcomes and detect anomalies Key classification techniques for predicting which categories a record belongs to Statistical machine learning methods that “learn” from data Unsupervised learning methods for extracting meaning from unlabeled data

Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences

Author : Jacob Cohen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 625 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2013-05-13
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781134742776

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Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences by Jacob Cohen Pdf

Statistical Power Analysis is a nontechnical guide to power analysis in research planning that provides users of applied statistics with the tools they need for more effective analysis. The Second Edition includes: * a chapter covering power analysis in set correlation and multivariate methods; * a chapter considering effect size, psychometric reliability, and the efficacy of "qualifying" dependent variables and; * expanded power and sample size tables for multiple regression/correlation.

Statistical Inference via Data Science: A ModernDive into R and the Tidyverse

Author : Chester Ismay,Albert Y. Kim
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2019-12-23
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781000763461

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Statistical Inference via Data Science: A ModernDive into R and the Tidyverse by Chester Ismay,Albert Y. Kim Pdf

Statistical Inference via Data Science: A ModernDive into R and the Tidyverse provides a pathway for learning about statistical inference using data science tools widely used in industry, academia, and government. It introduces the tidyverse suite of R packages, including the ggplot2 package for data visualization, and the dplyr package for data wrangling. After equipping readers with just enough of these data science tools to perform effective exploratory data analyses, the book covers traditional introductory statistics topics like confidence intervals, hypothesis testing, and multiple regression modeling, while focusing on visualization throughout. Features: ● Assumes minimal prerequisites, notably, no prior calculus nor coding experience ● Motivates theory using real-world data, including all domestic flights leaving New York City in 2013, the Gapminder project, and the data journalism website, FiveThirtyEight.com ● Centers on simulation-based approaches to statistical inference rather than mathematical formulas ● Uses the infer package for "tidy" and transparent statistical inference to construct confidence intervals and conduct hypothesis tests via the bootstrap and permutation methods ● Provides all code and output embedded directly in the text; also available in the online version at moderndive.com This book is intended for individuals who would like to simultaneously start developing their data science toolbox and start learning about the inferential and modeling tools used in much of modern-day research. The book can be used in methods and data science courses and first courses in statistics, at both the undergraduate and graduate levels.

The Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data

Author : John Mandel
Publisher : Courier Corporation
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2012-06-08
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780486139593

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The Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data by John Mandel Pdf

First half of book presents fundamental mathematical definitions, concepts, and facts while remaining half deals with statistics primarily as an interpretive tool. Well-written text, numerous worked examples with step-by-step presentation. Includes 116 tables.

Statistical Inference as Severe Testing

Author : Deborah G. Mayo
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 503 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2018-09-20
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781107054134

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Statistical Inference as Severe Testing by Deborah G. Mayo Pdf

Unlock today's statistical controversies and irreproducible results by viewing statistics as probing and controlling errors.

Federal Statistics, Multiple Data Sources, and Privacy Protection

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Panel on Improving Federal Statistics for Policy and Social Science Research Using Multiple Data Sources and State-of-the-Art Estimation Methods
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2018-01-27
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309465373

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Federal Statistics, Multiple Data Sources, and Privacy Protection by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Panel on Improving Federal Statistics for Policy and Social Science Research Using Multiple Data Sources and State-of-the-Art Estimation Methods Pdf

The environment for obtaining information and providing statistical data for policy makers and the public has changed significantly in the past decade, raising questions about the fundamental survey paradigm that underlies federal statistics. New data sources provide opportunities to develop a new paradigm that can improve timeliness, geographic or subpopulation detail, and statistical efficiency. It also has the potential to reduce the costs of producing federal statistics. The panel's first report described federal statistical agencies' current paradigm, which relies heavily on sample surveys for producing national statistics, and challenges agencies are facing; the legal frameworks and mechanisms for protecting the privacy and confidentiality of statistical data and for providing researchers access to data, and challenges to those frameworks and mechanisms; and statistical agencies access to alternative sources of data. The panel recommended a new approach for federal statistical programs that would combine diverse data sources from government and private sector sources and the creation of a new entity that would provide the foundational elements needed for this new approach, including legal authority to access data and protect privacy. This second of the panel's two reports builds on the analysis, conclusions, and recommendations in the first one. This report assesses alternative methods for implementing a new approach that would combine diverse data sources from government and private sector sources, including describing statistical models for combining data from multiple sources; examining statistical and computer science approaches that foster privacy protections; evaluating frameworks for assessing the quality and utility of alternative data sources; and various models for implementing the recommended new entity. Together, the two reports offer ideas and recommendations to help federal statistical agencies examine and evaluate data from alternative sources and then combine them as appropriate to provide the country with more timely, actionable, and useful information for policy makers, businesses, and individuals.

Fundamentals of A/B Testing

Author : Alex Dombrowski
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 183 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2020-03-22
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9798618329507

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Fundamentals of A/B Testing by Alex Dombrowski Pdf

The A/B Testing mindset at a company evolves through four stages. Intuition: In the beginning, intuition drives decisions. The company acknowledges the user, but does not solicit feedback. Data is sparse. Data driven: Decision makers use data to supplement their intuition in cases when they are less confident. The data lacks richness and methods for processing data are crude. Causal statements are drawn from situations that do not warrant them. Data is not respected. A/B Testing: The company unearths the practice of A/B Testing and embarks on the well-trodden path of successful companies. A/B Testing gains followers, however infrastructure is nascent and statistical methods are questionable. The goal is to get a number, not necessarily a correct number. The thought is that a number from an A/B Test must be trustworthy because, well, it's from an A/B Test! Sound A/B Testing: The company is educated on the fundamentals of A/B Testing. The company adopts sounds practices, produces trustworthy numbers, and makes informed go/no-go decisions. Regardless where your company is on the journey, this book will guide you to the last stage.

A/B Testing - the Hybrid Statistical Approach

Author : Jochen Grünbeck,Yanis Tazi,Philippe Aimé
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 31 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2018-02-26
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1980408297

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A/B Testing - the Hybrid Statistical Approach by Jochen Grünbeck,Yanis Tazi,Philippe Aimé Pdf

As a marketer, you'll no doubt have run A/B tests and acted on their results - but how much do you know about how these results are deemed reliable? This publication covers the two main approaches to A/B testing: Frequentist and Bayesian, and explains why at Convertize we think you shouldn't have to choose.While Frequentist is faster, Bayesian can be more reliable. Wanting to utilise the benefits of each method, we have created a "hybrid" approach to A/B testing, providing users of our platform with reliable results as quickly as possible.

Understanding Statistics and Experimental Design

Author : Michael H. Herzog,Gregory Francis,Aaron Clarke
Publisher : Springer
Page : 146 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2019-08-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030034993

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Understanding Statistics and Experimental Design by Michael H. Herzog,Gregory Francis,Aaron Clarke Pdf

This open access textbook provides the background needed to correctly use, interpret and understand statistics and statistical data in diverse settings. Part I makes key concepts in statistics readily clear. Parts I and II give an overview of the most common tests (t-test, ANOVA, correlations) and work out their statistical principles. Part III provides insight into meta-statistics (statistics of statistics) and demonstrates why experiments often do not replicate. Finally, the textbook shows how complex statistics can be avoided by using clever experimental design. Both non-scientists and students in Biology, Biomedicine and Engineering will benefit from the book by learning the statistical basis of scientific claims and by discovering ways to evaluate the quality of scientific reports in academic journals and news outlets.

Experimentation Works

Author : Stefan H. Thomke
Publisher : Harvard Business Press
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2020-02-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781633697119

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Experimentation Works by Stefan H. Thomke Pdf

Don't fly blind. See how the power of experiments works for you. When it comes to improving customer experiences, trying out new business models, or developing new products, even the most experienced managers often get it wrong. They discover that intuition, experience, and big data alone don't work. What does? Running disciplined business experiments. And what if companies roll out new products or introduce new customer experiences without running these experiments? They fly blind. That's what Harvard Business School professor Stefan Thomke shows in this rigorously researched and eye-opening book. It guides you through best practices in business experimentation, illustrates how these practices work at leading companies, and answers some fundamental questions: What makes a good experiment? How do you test in online and brick-and-mortar businesses? In B2B and B2C? How do you build an experimentation culture? Also, best practice means running many experiments. Indeed, some hugely successful companies, such as Amazon, Booking.com, and Microsoft, run tens of thousands of controlled experiments annually, engaging millions of users. Thomke shows us how these and many other organizations prove that experimentation provides significant competitive advantage. How can managers create this capability at their own companies? Essential is developing an experimentation organization that prizes the science of testing and puts the discipline of experimentation at the center of its innovation process. While it once took companies years to develop the tools for such large-scale experiments, advances in technology have put these tools at the fingertips of almost any business professional. By combining the power of software and the rigor of controlled experiments, today's managers can make better decisions, create magical customer experiences, and generate big financial returns. Experimentation Works is your guidebook to a truly new way of thinking and innovating.