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Author : William Stewart Pease
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 684 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Chemicals
ISBN : UCAL:C3369170
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 20 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Chemicals
ISBN : UCR:31210023933300
Author : John M. Mendeloff
Publisher : MIT Press (MA)
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015013353415
In this provocative study, John Mendeloff shows that federal programs which set standards for toxic substances have twin dilemmas. The new standards that they establish are usually too strict and costly to justify the benefits they confer. But, at the same time, the slow pace of standard-setting means that many serious hazards are never addressed at all. Mendeloff argues that more extensive, but less strict, rulemaking could make both industry and workers better off and that changes in legislation are required to break the current stalemate. Mendeloff looks at workplace risks regulated, and not regulated, by OSHA. He discusses the thorny issue of how much our society should value the prevention of occupational disease deaths. His innovative investigation of "underregulation" brings together diverse data to show that moderate reductions in current exposure levels would often be beneficial. Regulating Toxic Substancesmakes a major contribution to our understanding of how regulation works by demonstrating that the strictness with which standards are set is a major cause of the slow pace. Administrative rulemaking procedures offer opportunities for those concerned about the reasonableness of standards - judges and other public officials, as well as the affected industries - to try to block or delay them. An important implication is that less strict standards would not necessarily reduce overall protection and might increase it. In a major discussion of regulatory reform, Mendeloff analyzes such alternatives to standard-setting as information and liability strategies and such generic changes in regulatory procedures as regulatory budget and regulatory negotiation. Finding that neither provides a sufficient response to the overregulation-underregulation problem, he proposes a three-step legislative package that could be applied at OSHA and other standard-setting agencies. John Mendeloff is a policy analyst affiliated with the Program in Science, Technology, and Public Affairs at the University of California, San Diego. This book is seventeenth in the series Regulation of Economic Activity, edited by Richard Schmalensee.
Author : Suzanne H. Reuben
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2010-10
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9781437934212
Though overall cancer incidence and mortality have continued to decline in recent years, cancer continues to devastate the lives of far too many Americans. In 2009 alone, 1.5 million American men, women, and children were diagnosed with cancer, and 562,000 died from the disease. There is a growing body of evidence linking environmental exposures to cancer. The Pres. Cancer Panel dedicated its 2008¿2009 activities to examining the impact of environmental factors on cancer risk. The Panel considered industrial, occupational, and agricultural exposures as well as exposures related to medical practice, military activities, modern lifestyles, and natural sources. This report presents the Panel¿s recommend. to mitigate or eliminate these barriers. Illus.
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Committee on the Design and Evaluation of Safer Chemical Substitutions: A Framework to Inform Government and Industry Decisions
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2014-10-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309310161
Historically, regulations governing chemical use have often focused on widely used chemicals and acute human health effects of exposure to them, as well as their potential to cause cancer and other adverse health effects. As scientific knowledge has expanded there has been an increased awareness of the mechanisms through which chemicals may exert harmful effects on human health, as well as their effects on other species and ecosystems. Identification of high-priority chemicals and other chemicals of concern has prompted a growing number of state and local governments, as well as major companies, to take steps beyond existing hazardous chemical federal legislation. Interest in approaches and policies that ensure that any new substances substituted for chemicals of concern are assessed as carefully and thoroughly as possible has also burgeoned. The overarching goal of these approaches is to avoid regrettable substitutions, which occur when a toxic chemical is replaced by another chemical that later proved unsuitable because of persistence, bioaccumulation, toxicity, or other concerns. Chemical alternative assessments are tools designed to facilitate consideration of these factors to assist stakeholders in identifying chemicals that may have the greatest likelihood of harm to human and ecological health, and to provide guidance on how the industry may develop and adopt safer alternatives. A Framework to Guide Selection of Chemical Alternatives develops and demonstrates a decision framework for evaluating potentially safer substitute chemicals as primarily determined by human health and ecological risks. This new framework is informed by previous efforts by regulatory agencies, academic institutions, and others to develop alternative assessment frameworks that could be operationalized. In addition to hazard assessments, the framework incorporates steps for life-cycle thinking - which considers possible impacts of a chemical at all stages including production, use, and disposal - as well as steps for performance and economic assessments. The report also highlights how modern information sources such as computational modeling can supplement traditional toxicology data in the assessment process. This new framework allows the evaluation of the full range of benefits and shortcomings of substitutes, and examination of tradeoffs between these risks and factors such as product functionality, product efficacy, process safety, and resource use. Through case studies, this report demonstrates how different users in contrasting decision contexts with diverse priorities can apply the framework. This report will be an essential resource to the chemical industry, environmentalists, ecologists, and state and local governments.
Author : United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Environmental protection
ISBN : UCSD:31822024241358
Author : Kathy Gerwig
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2014-07-24
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199385843
The relationship between hospitals and the environment is defined by a glaring contradiction: as health care facilities deliver care at any cost, their environmental footprint -- pollution, waste production, unsustainable food services -- contributes to harming community health. Greening Health Care examines the intersections of health care and environmental health, both in terms of traditional failures and the revolution underway to fix them. Authored by one of the pioneers in health care's green movement, it presents practical solutions for health care organizations and clinicians to improve their environments and the health of their communities. Topics include: making food services sustainable, managing hospital waste, and relevant impacts/mitigating measures related to climate change. As environmental protection grows into an imperative for all aspects of society, Greening Health Care offers an historical and practical approach to sustainable health care delivery.
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Administrative regulation drafting
ISBN : MINN:31951D03119041V
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Electronic
ISBN : UOM:39015090406508
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Groundwater
ISBN : MINN:31951P002729150
Author : Nathalie Jas,Soraya Boudia
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2015-10-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9781317319696
The number of substances potentially dangerous to our health and environment is constantly increasing. The papers in this volume examine the concurrent rise of pollutants and the regulations designed to police their use.
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 780 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1976
Category : Independent regulatory commissions
ISBN : UOM:39015081221072
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs,United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Government Operations
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 588 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Law
ISBN : UCR:31210016411157
Author : Adam D.K. Abelkop,Lucas Bergkamp,Lynn L. Bergeson ,Bethami Auerbach
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 651 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2023-03-20
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781785360367
This incisive volume of the Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Law offers a broad analysis of the foundations, main concepts, and substantive and procedural requirements of selected chemical law regimes as they pertain to the environment. Featuring contributions from more than 40 expert scholars and practitioners in the field, the volume focuses on chemical regulatory systems from representative jurisdictions, including the EU and the US, to provide a coherent overview of this expansive and often fragmented area of law. Divided into five thematic parts, the volume first examines the fundamental concepts of chemical law, addressing topics including risk assessment, nomenclature, environmental justice and animal testing. Entries then discuss types of chemicals and exposures, regulation of chemicals in products and manufacturing, and waste and contamination, as well as covering liability rules as they apply to chemicals. This volume will be an essential resource for scholars and students looking for a clear understanding of chemicals regulation and governance from environmental and public health perspectives at both national and international levels. Its insights into policy developments and liability issues will also be of interest to policymakers and practitioners.
Author : Giampaolo Galli,Jacques Pelkmans
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 524 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2000-01-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 178254285X
The second of two volumes, this text discusses the vertical issues involved in regulatory reform. The contributors describe in detail the regulatory reforms which are needed or have been initiated in nine major industrial sectors, including automobiles, textiles and clothing, retail trade, chemicals, banking, road transport, telecoms, electricity and (scheduled) air transport. They argue that regulatory reform can, more often than not, help improve the competitiveness of companies while generating net growth effects for the European Union as a whole.
