Subordinating Intelligence

Author : David P. Oakley
Publisher : University Press of Kentucky
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2019-03-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9780813176734

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Subordinating Intelligence by David P. Oakley Pdf

In the late eighties and early nineties, driven by the post–Cold War environment and lessons learned during military operations, United States policy makers made intelligence support to the military the Intelligence Community's top priority. In response to this demand, the CIA and DoD instituted policy and organizational changes that altered their relationship with one another. While debates over the future of the Intelligence Community were occurring on Capitol Hill, the CIA and DoD were expanding their relationship in peacekeeping and nation-building operations in Somalia and the Balkans. By the late 1990s, some policy makers and national security professionals became concerned that intelligence support to military operations had gone too far. In Subordinating Intelligence: The DoD/CIA Post–Cold War Relationship, David P. Oakley reveals that, despite these concerns, no major changes to national intelligence or its priorities were implemented. These concerns were forgotten after 9/11, as the United States fought two wars and policy makers increasingly focused on tactical and operational actions. As policy makers became fixated with terrorism and the United States fought in Iraq and Afghanistan, the CIA directed a significant amount of its resources toward global counterterrorism efforts and in support of military operations.

Author : David P. Oakley
Publisher : University Press of Kentucky
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2019-03-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9780813176710

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Subordinating Intelligence by David P. Oakley Pdf

In the late eighties and early nineties, driven by the post–Cold War environment and lessons learned during military operations, United States policy makers made intelligence support to the military the Intelligence Community's top priority. In response to this demand, the CIA and DoD instituted policy and organizational changes that altered their relationship with one another. While debates over the future of the Intelligence Community were occurring on Capitol Hill, the CIA and DoD were expanding their relationship in peacekeeping and nation-building operations in Somalia and the Balkans. By the late 1990s, some policy makers and national security professionals became concerned that intelligence support to military operations had gone too far. In Subordinating Intelligence: The DoD/CIA Post–Cold War Relationship, David P. Oakley reveals that, despite these concerns, no major changes to national intelligence or its priorities were implemented. These concerns were forgotten after 9/11, as the United States fought two wars and policy makers increasingly focused on tactical and operational actions. As policy makers became fixated with terrorism and the United States fought in Iraq and Afghanistan, the CIA directed a significant amount of its resources toward global counterterrorism efforts and in support of military operations.

Author : Ngoc Lung Hoang
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Military intelligence
ISBN : UOM:39015008372149

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Intelligence by Ngoc Lung Hoang Pdf

Author : Jonathan House
Publisher : Naval Institute Press
Page : 133 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2022-04-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781682477748

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Intelligence and the State by Jonathan House Pdf

In the eighty years since Pearl Harbor, the United States has developed a professional intelligence community that is far more effective than most people acknowledge--in part because only intelligence failures see the light of day, while successful collection and analysis remain secret for decades. Intelligence and the State explores the relationship between the community tasked to research and assess intelligence and the national decision makers it serves. The book argues that in order to accept intelligence as a profession, it must be viewed as a non-partisan resource to assist key players in understanding foreign societies and leaders. Those who review these classified findings are sometimes so invested in their preferred policy outcomes that they refuse to accept information that conflicts with preconceived notions. Rather than demanding that intelligence evaluations conform to administration policies, a wise executive should welcome a source of information that has not "drunk the Kool-Aid" by supporting a specific policy decision. Jonathan M. House offers a brief overview of the nature of national intelligence, and especially of the potential for misperception and misunderstanding on the part of executives and analysts. Furthermore, House examines the rise of intelligence organizations first in Europe and then in the United States. In those regions fear of domestic subversion and radicalism drove the need for foreign surveillance. This perception of a domestic threat tempted policy makers and intelligence officers alike to engage in covert action and other policy-based, partisan activities that colored their understanding of their adversaries. Such biases go far to explain the inability of Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union to predict and deal effectively with their opponents. The development of American agencies and their efforts differed to some degree from these European precedents but experienced some of the same problems as the Europeans, especially during the early decades of the Cold War. By now, however, the intelligence community has become a stable and effective part of the national security structure. House concludes with a historical examination of familiar instances in which intelligence allegedly failed to warn national leaders of looming attacks, ranging from the 1941 German invasion of the USSR to the Arab surprise attack on Israel in 1973.

Author : James Thomson
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2021-11-11
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000474879

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Conflict and Cooperation in Intelligence and Security Organisations by James Thomson Pdf

This book provides an institutional costs framework for intelligence and security communities to examine the factors that can encourage or obstruct cooperation. The governmental functions of security and intelligence require various organisations to interact in a symbiotic way. These organisations must constantly negotiate with each other to establish who should address which issue and with what resources. By coupling adapted versions of transaction costs theories with socio-political perspectives, this book provides a model to explain why some cooperative endeavours are successful, whilst others fail. This framework is applied to counterterrorism and defence intelligence in the UK and the US to demonstrate that the view of good cooperation in the former and poor cooperation in the latter is overly simplistic. Neither is necessarily more disposed to behave cooperatively than the other; rather, the institutional costs created by their respective organisational architectures incentivise different cooperative behaviour in different circumstances. This book will be of much interest to students of intelligence studies, organisational studies, politics and security studies.

Author : Klaus Eugen Knorr
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2017-03-14
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781400886326

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Power, Strategy and Security by Klaus Eugen Knorr Pdf

This is the first in a projected series of volumes of essays selected from World Politics, a journal of international relations sponsored by the Center of International Studies at Princeton University. The articles touch on several related subjects: the nature of national power and power balances and their perception; strategic studies; strategic surprise; the utility of military force; and national security decision making. Originally published in 1983. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Author : Adib Farhadi,Mark Grzegorzewski,Anthony J. Masys
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 413 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2023-10-09
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783031404511

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The Great Power Competition Volume 5 by Adib Farhadi,Mark Grzegorzewski,Anthony J. Masys Pdf

The Russian Invasion of Ukraine and Implications for the Central Region addresses national security threats and strategic opportunities for the United States and its allies in the Middle East and Central Asia following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Recognizing that integrated deterrence is not constrained by geography or domain, this book focuses on the complex threats and challenges confronting U.S. national security and foreign policy in a post-Ukraine invasion environment. That is to say, what happens in Ukraine does not stay in Ukraine. It affects everyone from the region to the cyberspace domain to people on the other side of the world, due to changes in commodity prices. Specifically, this volume explores how revised analyses of Russia may alter U.S. and allied strategies in a shifting international system and within the framing of strategic competition. Experts in this volume examine how the war in Ukraine will influence Russian strategy and foreign policy in the Middle East, Central Asia, and globally; what effect the Ukraine invasion could have on global and regional geopolitics and geoeconomics; and the United States’ ability to protect national interests in the Central Region. The reasons for this are multiple and complex. In this volume, we explore many issues that have confounded security experts by asking questions such as: What happens after the Russian invasion? What lessons did the U.S., Ukraine, NATO, and the European Union learn about Russia? What lessons did Russia learn about itself and its military after the Ukraine invasion? What lessons did the U.S. learn in Afghanistan that apply to Ukraine? Why was the initial analysis of the Russian invasion so wrong? How has power shifted in the international system since the Ukraine invasion? How has the security environment shifted since the Ukraine invasion? For the U.S. to continue supporting its partners in the Middle East and Central Asia, it must anticipate what new opportunities will arise from Russia’s missteps in Ukraine. The Russian Invasion of Ukraine and Implications for the Central Region addresses these challenges and opportunities and informs policymakers on the changing contours of the Great Power Competition.

Author : Ryan Shaffer,Jeffrey Kaplan
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 130 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2024-06-14
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781040043394

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The Legacy of 9/11 by Ryan Shaffer,Jeffrey Kaplan Pdf

The Legacy of 9/11 is a retrospective about how policing, intelligence, and counter-terrorism have changed in the more than twenty years since the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. Bringing together scholars and practitioners, the book takes an interdisciplinary approach with fields including history, international relations, intelligence studies, law, and political science. It highlights how some challenges in policing, intelligence, and counter-terrorism brought about by the attacks have been resolved, how some persist and how others have been transformed. The chapters explore state and non-state actors’ actions, reactions, and overreactions that shape contemporary aspects of policing, intelligence, and terrorism. In all three worlds, intelligence, policing, and counter-terrorism, the 9/11 attacks changed how the threat of terrorism is perceived, approached, and effectively countered by learning from the mistakes that led to the success of the attacks and initiating a process on the national and international levels of integrating security structures and implementing changes that have made 9/11 the last large scale terrorist strike on U.S. soil. To illustrate these accomplishments and to highlight future challenges, the volume examines the inextricably connected elements of policing and intelligence in counter-terrorism as well as how counter-terrorism practitioners and jihadists were transformed by one day of attacks, more than twenty years ago. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Journal of Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism.

Author : David M. Barrett
Publisher : University Press of Kansas
Page : 554 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2017-05-12
Category : History
ISBN : 9780700625253

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The CIA and Congress by David M. Barrett Pdf

From its inception more than half a century ago and for decades afterward, the Central Intelligence Agency was deeply shrouded in secrecy, with little or no real oversight by Congress—or so many Americans believe. David M. Barrett reveals, however, that during the agency’s first fifteen years, Congress often monitored the CIA’s actions and plans, sometimes aggressively. Drawing on a wealth of newly declassified documents, research at some two dozen archives, and interviews with former officials, Barrett provides an unprecedented and often colorful account of relations between American spymasters and Capitol Hill. He chronicles the CIA’s dealings with senior legislators who were haunted by memories of our intelligence failure at Pearl Harbor and yet riddled with fears that such an organization might morph into an American Gestapo. He focuses in particular on the efforts of Congress to monitor, finance, and control the agency’s activities from the creation of the national security state in 1947 through the planning for the ill-fated Bay of Pigs invasion in 1961. Along the way, Barrett highlights how Congress criticized the agency for failing to predict the first Soviet atomic test, the startling appearance of Sputnik over American air space, and the overthrow of Iraq’s pro-American government in 1958. He also explores how Congress viewed the CIA’s handling of Senator McCarthy’s charges of communist infiltration, the crisis created by the downing of a U-2 spy plane, and President Eisenhower’s complaint that Congress meddled too much in CIA matters. Ironically, as Barrett shows, Congress itself often pushed the agency to expand its covert operations against other nations. The CIA and Congress provides a much-needed historical perspective for current debates in Congress and beyond concerning the agency’s recent failures and ultimate fate. In our post-9/11 era, it shows that anxieties over the challenges to democracy posed by our intelligence communities have been with us from the very beginning.

Author : Nalini Bhushan,Jay L. Garfield
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2011-09-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199773039

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Indian Philosophy in English by Nalini Bhushan,Jay L. Garfield Pdf

This book publishes, for the first time in decades, and in many cases, for the first time in a readily accessible edition, English language philosophical literature written in India during the period of British rule. Bhushan's and Garfield's own essays on the work of this period contextualize the philosophical essays collected and connect them to broader intellectual, artistic and political movements in India. This volume yields a new understanding of cosmopolitan consciousness in a colonial context, of the intellectual agency of colonial academic communities, and of the roots of cross-cultural philosophy as it is practiced today. It transforms the canon of global philosophy, presenting for the first time a usable collection and a systematic study of Anglophone Indian philosophy. Many historians of Indian philosophy see a radical disjuncture between traditional Indian philosophy and contemporary Indian academic philosophy that has abandoned its roots amid globalization. This volume provides a corrective to this common view. The literature collected and studied in this volume is at the same time Indian and global, demonstrating that the colonial Indian philosophical communities were important participants in global dialogues, and revealing the roots of contemporary Indian philosophical thought. The scholars whose work is published here will be unfamiliar to many contemporary philosophers. But the reader will discover that their work is creative, exciting, and original, and introduces distinctive voices into global conversations. These were the teachers who trained the best Indian scholars of the post-Independence period. They engaged creatively both with the classical Indian tradition and with the philosophy of the West, forging a new Indian philosophical idiom to which contemporary Indian and global philosophy are indebted.

Author : Thomas L. Hughes
Publisher : Xlibris Corporation
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2013-08-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781483680347

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Speaking up and Speaking Out by Thomas L. Hughes Pdf

2014 will be the 50th anniversary of the landslide victory of Lyndon Johnson and Hubert Humphrey in the 1964 election. This collection of speeches by my husband, Thomas L. Hughes, displays one privileged insiders unusual role during LBJs five years in office. The political courage and literary merit of these speeches were highly praised the time. Their targeted distribution usually carried a not for publication restriction. Together they cover a variety of significant foreign policy topics from the 1964-69 years.After graduating from Carleton College, Oxford University, and Yale Law School, Tom served as Senator Humphreys Legislative Counsel in the Senate from 1955-59, when Johnson was Majority Leader. President Kennedy appointed him Director of Intelligence and Research in the State Department, and he remained in that position until the summer of 1969. In fact Dean Rusk and Tom were the only presidential appointees to serve at State from the first day of Kennedys administration to the last day of Johnsons. Because of his long Humphrey association, Tom was also regarded by many as the Vice Presidents man in the State Department. Thus some of these speech themes were inevitably perceived, rightly or wrongly, as examples of what the Vice President himself might be thinking, if he were not obliged to toe the official line on controversial issues like Vietnam, China, and Latin America. What is unique about the speeches is that their various themes were topics deliberately chosen to influence policymakers inside the government, as well as observers outside (hence Speaking Up and Speaking Out.)

Author : Thomas A. Marks,Kirklin J. Bateman
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2020-06-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000713046

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Perspectives on the American Way of War by Thomas A. Marks,Kirklin J. Bateman Pdf

Perspectives on the American Way of War examines salient cases of American experience in irregular warfare, focusing upon the post-World War II era. This book asks why recent misfires have emerged in irregular warfare from an institutional, professional, and academic context which regularly produces evidence that there is in fact no lack of understanding of both irregular challenges and correct responses. Expert contributors explore the reasoning behind the inability to achieve victory, however defined, and argue that what security professionals have failed to fully recognize, even today, is that what is at issue is not warfare suffused with politics but rather the very opposite, politics suffused with warfare. Perspectives on the American Way of War will be of great interest to scholars of war and conflict studies, strategic and military studies, insurgency and counterinsurgency, and terrorism and counterterrorism. The book was originally published as a special issue of Small Wars & Insurgencies.

Author : Joseph William Reynolds
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 482 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1881
Category : Miracles
ISBN : NYPL:33433068238298

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The Mystery of Miracles by Joseph William Reynolds Pdf

Author : Neil Foxlee
Publisher : Peter Lang
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : East and West in literature
ISBN : 303430207X

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Albert Camus's "The New Mediterranean Culture" by Neil Foxlee Pdf

This book was shortlisted for the R.H. Gapper prize 2011. On 8 February 1937 the 23-year-old Albert Camus gave an inaugural lecture for a new Maison de la culture, or community arts centre, in Algiers. Entitled 'La nouvelle culture méditerranéenne' ('The New Mediterranean Culture'), Camus's lecture has been interpreted in radically different ways: while some critics have dismissed it as an incoherent piece of juvenilia, others see it as key to understanding his future development as a thinker, whether as the first expression of his so-called 'Mediterranean humanism' or as an early indication of what is seen as his essentially colonial mentality. These various interpretations are based on reading the text of 'The New Mediterranean Culture' in a single context, whether that of Camus's life and work as a whole, of French discourses on the Mediterranean or of colonial Algeria (and French discourses on that country). By contrast, this study argues that Camus's lecture - and in principle any historical text - needs to be seen in a multiplicity of contexts, discursive and otherwise, if readers are to understand properly what its author was doing in writing it. Using Camus's lecture as a case study, the book provides a detailed theoretical and practical justification of this 'multi-contextualist' approach.

Author : David A. Westbrook
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2015-12-03
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317261339

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Deploying Ourselves by David A. Westbrook Pdf

In Deploying Ourselves, David A. Westbrook puts the case for major reform of US national security. He argues that today's national security establishment is outdated and entrenched in a model of defence more befitting the post-World War II Cold War era than today's realities. In a world without military peers, Westbrook argues, the US must re-create its institutions in order to wield influence globally, based on co-operation with other states and groups. Deploying Ourselves includes specific proposals to make US national security institutions more democratically accountable.