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Author : F. -M. S. Haug
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1976-10-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3642664490
Author : F.-M.S. Haug
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 95 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642664489
This study has two related objectives. One is to improve our understanding of the sub division of the parahippocampal cortex, the other is to investigate the terminal distri bution of sulphide silver stainable fibre systems (explained below) in this region. The parahippocampal areas (comprising area entorhinalis, parasubiculum, area ret rosplenialis e and presubiculum) transmit information to and from the hippocampus, a part of the brain which has been the subject of extensive neurobiological research. Much current anatomical work is therefore devoted to the study of the connections of the parahippocampal cortex (see Discussion), an activity which both requires and pro vides more precise concepts of its subdivision. Recent studies have shown that histochemistry often brings out laminae and areas in this cortical region more clearly than do conventional morphological methods (Storm· Mathisen and Blackstad, 1964; Mellgren and Blackstad, 1967; Geneser Jensen and Blackstad, 1971; Geneser Jensen et aI., 1974 and references therein; Mellgren, 1973 a, b). The sulphide silver method, used here, is particularly valuable in this respect, as will be explained shortly.
Author : George Paxinos
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 1053 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2014-07-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080921372
The previous editions of The Rat Nervous System were indispensable guides for those working on the rat and mouse as experimental models. The fourth edition enhances this tradition, providing the latest information in the very active field of research on the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system. The structure, connections, and function are explained in exquisite detail, making this an essential book for any graduate student or scientist working on the rat or mouse nervous system. Completely revised and updated content throughout, with entirely new chapters added Beautifully illustrated so that even difficult concepts are rendered comprehensible Provides a fundamental analysis of the anatomy of all areas of the central and peripheral nervous systems, as well as an introduction to their functions Appeals to researchers working on other species, including humans
Author : George Paxinos,Charles Watson
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2017-12-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128145500
The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates Compact, Seventh Edition is a smaller sized (8.5 x 11inch), abridged version of the most referenced work in neuroscience (over 35,000 citations). The compact edition provides the coronal plates and diagrams of the current seventh edition in a smaller, more convenient spiral format and at a student friendly price. This book includes an introduction on current concepts in neuroanatomy, such as neuromeres and brain development. Students and seasoned researchers will find the first major unified nomenclature ontology tree based on development that features coronal photographic plates and juxtaposed diagrams. Features 161 coronal diagrams and accompanying photographic plates spaced at constant 120 micron intervals Includes a simplified mini-atlas for beginning neuroscientists, and for teaching purposes Covers the most accurate and widely used stereotaxic coordinate system Presents diagrams that are identical to those in the full Seventh Edition Includes a companion website of drawings in PDF, EPS, and AI formats, along with color images
Author : Per Andersen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 892 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0195100271
The hippocampus is one of a group of remarkable structures embedded within the brain's medial temporal lobe. Long known to be important for memory, it has been a prime focus of neuroscience research for many years. The Hippocampus Book promises to facilitate developments in the field in a major way by bringing together, for the first time, contributions by leading international scientists knowledgeable about hippocampal anatomy, physiology, and function. This authoritative volume offers the most comprehensive, up-to-date account of what the hippocampus does, how it does it, and what happens when things go wrong. At the same time, it illustrates how research focusing on this single brain structure has revealed principles of wider generality for the whole brain in relation to anatomical connectivity, synaptic plasticity, cognition and behavior, and computational algorithms. Well-organized in its presentation of both theory and experimental data, this peerless work vividly illustrates the astonishing progress that has been made in unraveling the workings of the brain. The Hippocampus Book is destined to take a central place on every neuroscientist's bookshelf.
Author : Keith B.J. Franklin,George Paxinos
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2019-05-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128161609
Paxinos and Franklin's The Mouse Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates, Compact Fifth Edition, is the compact version of the most widely used and cited atlas of the mouse brain in print. It emulates in design and accuracy Paxinos and Watson’s The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates, the most cited publication in neuroscience. The compact edition provides the coronal plates and diagrams of the full mouse atlas in a smaller, more convenient spiral format and at a student friendly price. High resolution digital photographs of the coronal plane of section from the full 5th edition complement the coronal drawings. Unique to the compact, it includes an introduction to the use of the atlas in stereotaxic surgery. Contains 100 coronal diagrams that were fully revised for this new edition Includes 100 coronal photographic plates produced from directly scanned, very high-resolution images of the biological sections (done at the Allen Institute) Provides a beginner's guide with 25 pages on conducting stereotaxic surgery and how to use the atlas Presents surface views of the brain with labels over the major structures Uses the best ontology tree (nomenclature based on the development of the brain) with universal applications across mammals
Author : Edward G. Jones,Alan Peters
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 508 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461538240
The cerebral cortex, especially that part customarily designated "neocortex," is one of the hallmarks of mammalian evolution and reaches its greatest size, relatively speaking, and its widest structural diversity in the human brain. The evolution of this structure, as remarkable for the huge numbers of neurons that it contains as for the range of behaviors that it controls, has been of abiding interest to many generations of neuroscientists. Yet few theories of cortical evo lution have been proposed and none has stood the test of time. In particular, no theory has been successful in bridging the evolutionary gap that appears to exist between the pallium of non mammalian vertebrates and the neocortex of mam mals. Undoubtedly this stems in large part from the rapid divergence of non mammalian and mammalian forms and the lack of contemporary species whose telencephalic wall can be seen as having transitional characteristics. The mono treme cortex, for example, is unquestionably mammalian in organization and that of no living reptile comes close to resembling it. Yet anatomists such as Ramon y Cajal, on examining the finer details of cortical structure, were struck by the similarities in neuronal form, particularly of the pyramidal cells, and their predisposition to laminar alignment shared by representatives of all vertebrate classes.
Author : George Paxinos,Charles Watson
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2004-12-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080474120
The preceding editions made The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates the second most cited book in science. This Fifth Edition is the result of years of research providing the user with the drawings of the completely new set of coronal sections, now from one rat, and with significantly improved resolution by adding a third additional section level as compared to earlier editions. Numerous new nuclei and structures also have been identified. The drawings are presented in two color, providing a much better contrast for use. The Fifth Edition continues the legacy of this major neuroscience publication and is a guide for all students and scientists who study the rat brain. 161 coronal diagrams based on a single brain. Delineations drawn entirely new from a new set of sections. Diagrams spaced at constant 120 μm intervals resulting in the high resolution and convenience of use. Drawings use blue color lines and black labels to facilitate extraction of information. The stereotaxic grid was derived using the same techniques that produced the widely praised stereotaxic grid of the previous editions. Over 1000 structures identified, a number for the first time in this edition.
Author : Charles Watson,George Paxinos,Luis Puelles
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 814 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2011-09-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080919188
The Mouse Nervous System provides a comprehensive account of the central nervous system of the mouse. The book is aimed at molecular biologists who need a book that introduces them to the anatomy of the mouse brain and spinal cord, but also takes them into the relevant details of development and organization of the area they have chosen to study. The Mouse Nervous System offers a wealth of new information for experienced anatomists who work on mice. The book serves as a valuable resource for researchers and graduate students in neuroscience. Systematic consideration of the anatomy and connections of all regions of the brain and spinal cord by the authors of the most cited rodent brain atlases A major section (12 chapters) on functional systems related to motor control, sensation, and behavioral and emotional states A detailed analysis of gene expression during development of the forebrain by Luis Puelles, the leading researcher in this area Full coverage of the role of gene expression during development and the new field of genetic neuroanatomy using site-specific recombinases Examples of the use of mouse models in the study of neurological illness
Author : Hans-Joachim Wagner
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642670718
In many parts of vertebrate and invertebrate central nervous systems, groups of nerve or receptor cells can be found that are arranged and connected according to a precise, functionally defined pattern (Braitenberg, 1973; Santini, 1975; Strausfeld, 1976; Chan-Palay, 1977). In these cases, groups of cell bodies or synapses appear as basically similar configurations, which, however, are different in detail from each other. Such abstract patterns of connectivity are of a statistical nature and do not allow, in a given example, for the prediction of the localization or connections of a particular cell. "Wiring diagrams", therefore, can be obtained only from a multitude of individual observations. In contrast, in several sensory organs, concrete patterns occur that con sist of a regular, mosaic-like, and geometric arrangement of similar cell types. The constancy of such a mosaic allows predictions about certain units of the pattern on the basis of only a few exemplary observations. Typical examples are found in the visual system: In the compound eye of insects, each ommatidium contains a definite number of visual cells that are grouped around the optical axis in a hexogonal array (Kirsch feld, 1967); in the vertebrate retina, mosaics of geometrically arranged cones are found most frequently in lower vertebrates; they are common among teleosts. A number of studies have dealt with their phylogenetic significance and their functional role as adaptation to specific environments or modes of feeding.
Author : K. Livingston
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 542 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2013-12-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781475707168
This volume records the proceedings of a Limbic System Sympos ium held at the University of Toronto, November 5-6th, 1976 as a satellite event to the Sixth Annual Meeting of the Society of Neuroscience. The Symposium was designed in part as a tribute to James Papez on the 40th anniversary of the publication of his epochal paper "A Proposed Mechanism of Emotion". Papers by MacLean, Yakovlev, and Angevine provide personal recollections of Papez and an assessment of the significant contri bution he made to breaking down the still formidable barriers that separate our concepts of brain, mind, emotion, and behavior. Against this background subsequent speakers presented new information that further illuminates the anatomical, physiological and biochemical mechanisms underlying limbic system function. Viewed in juxtaposition this new information from "disparate" fields of neuroscience provides an increasingly coherent picture of the neuronal organization subserving a dynamic limbic system that we can now begin to visualize in operational and transactional terms. The final section of the symposium focusses on the recently identified "kindling" phenomenon which is viewed as a general model of neural plasticity and more particularly as a model of experi mentally induced limbic system dysfunction. Using this model it is possible to display, analyse, and experimentally manipulate long lasting changes in limbic system activity, which develop over ex tended periods of time and are expressed in a variety of behavioral end points involving learning and memory, seizure activity, and changes in emotionality and behavior.
Author : C. Chouchkov
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642669927
The elucidation of the ultrastructure, cytochemistry and reactivity of cutaneous recep tors is of particular importance in the unsolved biological problem of sensory transduc tion. Topographically and with regard to evolution, cutaneous receptors are the most widespread primary sense organs. Because of their simple structure they are particular ly useful in the study of the functional morphology of receptor end-organs. Research into receptor structures in classic neuromorphology revealed magnificent patterns and pictures of receptors, showing their great diversity and their presence in all human and animal systems. Since the end of the sixties, ultrastructural studies have led to the discovery of a large amount of new information. The findings concerning the cellular organization of the inner core (pease and Quilliam, 1957), axon terminals (Cauna and Ross, 1960) and capsule cells (Polacek and Mazanek, 1966) of encapsulated receptors have opened up new possibilities for a revaluation of receptor cell units and their relationships.
Author : M. Vogel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 69 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642669743
References ............................................... 59 Subject Index ............................................. 65 6 Introduction The retina as an organ of perception of light, colour, shape and movement has been the subject of numerous and intensive light- and electron-microscopical investigations. To date the interest in these has largely been concentrated on the structure of the ma ture retina and the genesis of its cellular elements. The first exhaustive observations on the development of the retina in vertebrates were made by Babuchin (1863). Using the retinae of chicken embryos, he showed that Millier's radial fibres and the ganglion cells are the first to develop, while the receptor segments are the last. Subsequently, the early differentiation of Millier's radial fibres was often reaffirmed (Cajal, 1893; Meller, 1968; Bhattacharjee and Sanyal, 1975; and others). Furthermore, Babuchin had already indicated that the structural development in the area of the posterior pole is very rapid compared with those regions of the retina which are situated more peripherally. Today, when comparing results of electron-mi croscopical investigations, this fact is of particular importance, since in each case only very limited areas of the retina can be examined. Schultze (1867a, b) pointed out the uniformity of origin and the general classifica tion of light-perceiving elements into inner and outer segments, thus contesting the hitherto generally held opinion that these structures, like the pigment epithelium, ori of the eye cup. In 1881 Ogneff discovered the analogous ginate from the outer leaf mode of formation in birds and mammals.
Author : M. Lüdicke
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642669972
Serpents lack an external ear, a tympanic membrane, a tympanic cavity, and a Eusta chain tube. These negative but very significant characteristics are seen phylogenetically, especially in connection with the reduction of the eye (Le., Nopsca, 1923; N.B., today Pachyophis is grouped together with the Simoliophidae, furthermore Mahendra, 1938; Walls, 1940, 1942; Bellairs and Underwood, 1951). Other authors mention these cha racteristics in connection with characteristics of ingestion (Berman and Regal, 1967). They claim that the formation of a tender tympanic membrane and a tympanic cavity is incompatible with the mobility of the quadratum and its adjacent musculature. The energy of sound can be transmitted either by the bones of the skull or the otic capsule or by the intercalare (medially adjacent to the quadratum) with the stapes and the. base of the columella (for the intercalare or rather the extracolumella see De Beer, 1926 and 1937; McDowell, 1967). The vibrations of the apparatus added to the vesti buloquadratum type (Sertakowa, 1950) initiate a movement of the perilymph in the sinus pericapsularis (sinus juxtastapedialis), in the cisterna perilymphatica and in the scala tympani with the helicotrema. This stimulates the sense organs of the papilla basilaris located on the membrana basilaris in the pars limbi of the ductus cochlearis filled with endolymph.
Author : P. Kaufmann,M. Davidoff
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 93 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642666186
The placenta of the guinea-pig has assumed exceptional importance among the discoidal hemochorial placentae since the end of the sixties. Up to that date, numerous studies had been published on the functional analysis of the human placenta. One shortcom ing common to all these studies, however, was the fact, that the human placenta was not absolutely suitable for morphological research, owing to fIxation difficulties, and for experimental investigations virtually unsuitable. Since other hemochorial villous placentae, like that of the anthropoid apes (primates) were practically unobtainable, a possible alternative was sought among the I;tcunal placentae. The numerous studies on the guinea-pig placenta undertaken at the turn of the century favoured the choice of this organ as it also belonged to the discoidal hemochorial type, like that of man. The fact that its structure was not villous but lacunal and therefore showed a different cir culation seemed even advantageous in this case. The lacunal system facilitates differen tiation in morphologically distinct areas, which allow independent functional analysis. The morphological and histochemical studies made during the past decade by Enders (1965), Vollrath (1965), Miiller and Fischer (1968), Kaufmann (1969a), Davidoff and Schiebler (1970a, b), King and Enders (1970b, 1971), Davidoff and Gospodinoff (1971), Davidoff (1973), Kaufmann (1974) have led to the discovery of a large amount of new information on this organ, thus rendering it one of the most precisely examined placentae so far.
