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James L. Burch,Robert L. Carovillano,Spiro K. Antiochos
Author : James L. Burch,Robert L. Carovillano,Spiro K. Antiochos Publisher : American Geophysical Union Page : 273 pages File Size : 51,9 Mb Release : 1999-01-26 Category : Science ISBN : 9780875900926
Sun-Earth Plasma Connections by James L. Burch,Robert L. Carovillano,Spiro K. Antiochos Pdf
Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 109. The Sun and the terrestrial magnetosphere have been the subjects of active research since the dawn of the space age. The capabilities of observing both systems with greater and greater detail evolved separately until the 1980s, when it was realized that definitive results on the connection between the Earth and the Sun would require a concerted and joint effort. It was also realized that sophisticated solar-terrestrial research communities existed within all the space-faring nations of the world and that no one of them could launch such an effort by itself. This realization led to the creation of the International Solar-Terrestrial Physics (ISTP) program, which now comprises at least 12 spacecraft and includes extensive ground-based observations and theory and modeling efforts.
The Maunder Minimum and the Variable Sun-Earth Connection by Willie Wei-Hock Soon,Steven H Yaskell Pdf
This book takes an excursion through solar science, science history, and geoclimate with a husband and wife team who revealed some of our sun's most stubborn secrets. E Walter and Annie S D Maunder's work helped in understanding our sun's chemical, electromagnetic and plasma properties. They knew the sun's sunspot migration patterns and its variable, climate-affecting, inactive and active states in short and long time frames. An inactive solar period starting in the mid-seventeenth century lasted approximately seventy years, one that E Walter Maunder worked hard to make us understand: the Maunder Minimum of c 1620–1720 (which was posthumously named for him). With ongoing concern over global warming, and the continuing failure to identify root causes driving earth's climatic changes, the Maunders' story outlines how our cyclical sun can alter climate. The book goes on to view the sun-earth connection in terms of geomagnetic variation and climatic change; contemporary views on the sun's operating mechanisms are explored, and the effects these have on the earth over long and short time scales are pondered. If not a call to widen earth's climate research to include the sun, this book strives to illustrate how solar causes and effects can influence earth's climate in ways we must understand in order to enhance solar system research and our well-being. Contents:A Sun Most Pure and Most LucidBackground of the Maunder MinimumThe Maunder Minimum: Europe, Asia, North AmericaSurveying the Maunder MinimumMaunder's Early Life and AssociationsThe Family Maunder: the BAA and Astronomy for AllA Particle Theory for the Sun-Earth ConnectionOur Knowledge of the Sun and Its Variability TodaySummary: Cycles of the Sun and Their Tie to EarthThe Maunders and Their Final Storyand other papers Readership: Researchers, scientists, college-level astrophysics students and readers interested in the history of solar science. Keywords:Maunder Minimum;Sun-Earth Connection;Sunspots;Solar Flares;Coronal Mass Ejections;Magnetic Dynamo;Geomagnetic Storms;Little Ice Age;History of Solar and Sun-Earth Connection SciencesReviews:“You have put together an impressive and fascinating collection of historical facts, combining the human condition and the condition of the climate and of the Sun. Your account is unique and valuable … When agriculture is disrupted by cold weather and the landlord still tries to collect the same rent, there is bound to be turmoil.”Eugene N Parker University of Chicago “Although the Maunder Minimum is a very well-known phenomenon in the history of paleoclimate, its explanation is still full of controversies. It is highly important, therefore, that the authors of this book have made a successful effort of collecting and discussing the entire existing factual information on the subject, as well as highlighting the theoretical considerations of the Maunder Minimum. This is an impressive step forward in the analysis of a most important phenomenon in the history of past climates. I find this effort both persuasive and perspective.”Kirill Ya Kondratyev Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences “This is an excellent, well-balanced and informative book on an important phase in the study of sun-climate relations. After a brief introduction on early, most naked eye solar observation, it centers on the period of globally low temperatures, now known as the Maunder minimum. Many unknown historical observational data, from the various continents, are described. The book then describes the Maunder couple and their family, their life history in Victorian England and at the Greenwich Observatory, and their discovery of the Maunder (‘butterfly’) diagram and of the 17th century minimum in the sunspot activity and in related features such as auroras and tree-ring data. Their finding that the sunspot minimum might be related to the globally reduced temperatures may be considered as the early beginning of the study of Sun-Climate relations. The third part of the book is devoted to modern views on the Sun-Earth connection. This part too is written in a critical, informative and balanced way. I find this volume a fine contribution to the study of the Sun-Climate problem.”Cornelis de Jager Distinguished Solar Physicist SRON Laboratory for Space Research, The Netherlands “This book is a wonderful reading which combines intellectual ideas from various branches of modern science, i.e. astronomy, climatology, physics, history of science, biology, etc. The content is very deep and the authors are not afraid to show the soul of scientific methods to the reader. Yet the book avoids complicated mathematical details. The book is interesting for specialists and understandable for general public. One learns from the book about a cataclysm which happened about 350 years ago on the Sun supported and probed by various observational methods including the novel technique of learning about the Sun from other ‘solar stars’. A coherent understanding of the information obtained perhaps requires a century and this story looks more intriguing, rather like many crime stories. The Maunder minimum of solar activity affected various aspects of life on Earth and it is impossible to ignore related experiences by discussing such important topics as global warming, greenhouse effect, sun-climate relation, etc. I believe that everybody who would like to know what modern science offers about these varieties of topics can learn a great deal from the book of W Soon and S Yaskell.”Dmitry Sokoloff Professor of Mathematical Physics Moscow University “This book opens with a Foreword by Eugene N Parker, the world's leading authority on the solar wind and the effects of magnetic fields on the heliosphere … The details of this Sun-Earth connection are still to be discovered, but this book provides the historical evidence that must be taken into account as we improve our understanding of both the Sun and Earth's climate.”Eugene H Avrett Division Director Solar, Stellar, and Planetary Sciences Division, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics “This book is a rich tapestry of scientific information and wide-ranging historical narrative, into which is woven the little-known personal story of Walter Maunder and his mathematician wife Annie. The authors see Maunder as clearly a man ahead of his time and his wife as a collaborator who brought the benefit of university training to an unusual and devoted partnership. They were among the most experienced eclipse observers of their day and were active promoters of amateur astronomy in Britain. They deserve a place in the annals of the Sun.”Mary Bruck Formerly from University of Edinburgh “This is a fascinating and wide-ranging book which deserves to be read by everyone with an interest in the Earth–Sun environment, in global warming and climatic change and in the history of science … it ends with a useful and non-mathematical summary on the modern view of solar magnetic mechanisms, and a short biography of the Maunders.”Journal of the British Astronomical Association “… offer a readable and engaging summary of the history and current status of sunspot understanding, sunspot observation, and linkages between sunspots and changes in Earth's atmosphere.”Choice “Drawing profitably from the latest research, this is a well-rounded, recommended read.”Astronomy Now “The main strength is that this book brings together a vast amount of diverse, but related, material … the authors have provided a very comprehensive and extremely valuable index of sources at the conclusion of the book. The compilation contains citations for many of the original sources, as well as recent reviews. This bibliography provides an excellent point of departure for those readers who, like numerous scientists, savants, and scholars of the last three centuries, have become hooked on deciphering the unfolding clues that underlie the variable Sun-Earth Connection.”Thomas J Bogdan Societal-Environmental Research and Education Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado
The Sun, the Earth, and Near-earth Space by John A. Eddy Pdf
" ... Concise explanations and descriptions - easily read and readily understood - of what we know of the chain of events and processes that connect the Sun to the Earth, with special emphasis on space weather and Sun-Climate."--Dear Reader.
National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Solar and Space Physics Survey Committee
Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Solar and Space Physics Survey Committee Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 196 pages File Size : 52,9 Mb Release : 2003-07-01 Category : Science ISBN : 9780309169196
The Sun to the Earth -- and Beyond by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Solar and Space Physics Survey Committee Pdf
The sun is the source of energy for life on earth and is the strongest modulator of the human physical environment. In fact, the Sun's influence extends throughout the solar system, both through photons, which provide heat, light, and ionization, and through the continuous outflow of a magnetized, supersonic ionized gas known as the solar wind. While the accomplishments of the past decade have answered important questions about the physics of the Sun, the interplanetary medium, and the space environments of Earth and other solar system bodies, they have also highlighted other questions, some of which are long-standing and fundamental. The Sun to the Earthâ€"and Beyond organizes these questions in terms of five challenges that are expected to be the focus of scientific investigations in solar and space physics during the coming decade and beyond.
United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Author : United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Publisher : Unknown Page : 132 pages File Size : 51,9 Mb Release : 1963 Category : Anisotropy ISBN : UIUC:30112106681858
Solar Proton Manual by United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Pdf
Summary: Solar particle outbursts are studied in an attempt to summarize the experimental knowledge in this field for the benefit of the spacecraft design engineer. A phenomenological description of solar particle events is presented and time histories and tabulated data are given for the major events. The anisotropy of high energy solar cosmic rays observed in several events is also treated.
Dynamics of the Earth's Radiation Belts and Inner Magnetosphere by Danny Summers,I. R. Mann,D. N. Baker,Max-Gotthard Schulz Pdf
Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 199. Dynamics of the Earth's Radiation Belts and Inner Magnetosphere draws together current knowledge of the radiation belts prior to the launch of Radiation Belt Storm Probes (RPSP) and other imminent space missions, making this volume timely and unique. The volume will serve as a useful benchmark at this exciting and pivotal period in radiation belt research in advance of the new discoveries that the RPSP mission will surely bring. Highlights include the following: a review of the current state of the art of radiation belt science; a complete and up-to-date account of the wave-particle interactions that control the dynamical acceleration and loss processes of particles in the Earth's radiation belts and inner magnetosphere; a discussion emphasizing the importance of the cross-energy coupling of the particle populations of the radiation belts, ring current, and plasmasphere in controlling the dynamics of the inner magnetosphere; an outline of the design and operation of future satellite missions whose objectives are to discover the dominant physical processes that control the dynamics of the Earth's radiation belts and to advance our level of understanding of radiation belt dynamics ideally to the point of predictability; and an examination of the current state of knowledge of Earth's radiation belts from past and current spacecraft missions to the inner magnetosphere. Dynamics of the Earth's Radiation Belts and Inner Magnetosphere will be a useful reference work for the specialist researcher, the student, and the general reader. In addition, the volume could be used as a supplementary text in any graduate-level course in space physics in which radiation belt physics is featured.
The Sun, Solar Analogs and the Climate by Joanna Dorothy Haigh,Michael Lockwood,Mark S. Giampapa Pdf
The 34th Saas-Fee advanced course of the Swiss Society of Astronomy and Astrophysics (SSAA) took place from March 15 to 20, 2004, in Davos, on the subject of The Sun, Solar Analogs and the Climate. PresentlytheSwissmountainresortofDavosisprobablymostwellknown for hosting an event on globalization. However, it is because Davos also happens to be the seat of the Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos and World Radiation Center, that this course on a “global” subject was hosted here. Exceptionally, the topic of this course was not purely astrophysical, but themembersoftheSSAAdecidedtosupportitallthesameduetothetimely topic of global warming and its possible link to solar variations. In these times of concern about global warming, it is important to und- stand solar variability and its interaction with the atmosphere. Only in this way can we distinguish between the solar and anthropogenic contributions to the rising temperatures. Therefore, this course addressed the observed va- ability of the Sun and the present understanding of the variability’s origin and its impact on the Earth’s climate. Comparing the solar variability with that of solar analog stars leads to a better understanding of the solar activity cycle and magnetic activity in general, and helps us to estimate how large the solar variations could be on longer time scales. Inspiteofthefantasticweatherandsnowconditionswhichreignedduring this week, the participants assiduously took part in the lectures. This is proof ofthehighqualityofthelecturesthatthethreespeakers,JoannaHaigh,Mike Lockwood and David Soderblom, delivered. We deeply thank them for their contributions and e?orts and hope that the readers will enjoy the book as much as we enjoyed their lectures.
Space Storms and Space Weather Hazards by I.A. Daglis Pdf
Space storms, the manifestation of bad weather in space, have a number of physical effects in the near-Earth environment: acceleration of charged particles in space, intensification of electric currents in space and on the ground, impressive aurora displays, and global magnetic disturbances on the Earth's surface. Space weather has been defined as `conditions on the Sun and in the solar wind, magnetosphere, ionosphere, and atmosphere that can influence the performance and reliability of space- and ground-based technological systems and can endanger human life'. The 19 chapters of this book, written by some of the foremost experts on the topic, present the most recent developments in space storm physics and related technological issues, such as malfunction of satellites, communication and navigation systems, and electric power distribution grids. Readership: researchers, teachers and graduate students in space physics, astronomy, geomagnetism, space technology, electric power and communication technology, and non-specialist physicists and engineers. As recommended in the United Nations Space & Atmospheric Science Education Curriculum booklet. Please find it amongst classics such as T.J.M. Boyd, J.J. Sanderson, J.K. Hargreaves and M.C. Kelly etc.
Encyclopedia of Plasma Technology - Two Volume Set by J. Leon Shohet Pdf
Technical plasmas have a wide range of industrial applications. The Encyclopedia of Plasma Technology covers all aspects of plasma technology from the fundamentals to a range of applications across a large number of industries and disciplines. Topics covered include nanotechnology, solar cell technology, biomedical and clinical applications, electronic materials, sustainability, and clean technologies. The book bridges materials science, industrial chemistry, physics, and engineering, making it a must have for researchers in industry and academia, as well as those working on application-oriented plasma technologies. Also Available Online This Taylor & Francis encyclopedia is also available through online subscription, offering a variety of extra benefits for researchers, students, and librarians, including: Citation tracking and alerts Active reference linking Saved searches and marked lists HTML and PDF format options Contact Taylor and Francis for more information or to inquire about subscription options and print/online combination packages. US: (Tel) 1.888.318.2367; (E-mail) [email protected] International: (Tel) +44 (0) 20 7017 6062; (E-mail) [email protected]
National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on Solar and Space Physics
Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on Solar and Space Physics Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 100 pages File Size : 44,7 Mb Release : 2004-06-06 Category : Science ISBN : 0309092159
Plasma Physics of the Local Cosmos by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on Solar and Space Physics Pdf
Solar and space physics is the study of solar system phenomena that occur in the plasma state. Examples include sunspots, the solar wind, planetary magnetospheres, radiation belts, and the aurora. While each is a distinct phenomenon, there are commonalities among them. To help define and systematize these universal aspects of the field of space physics, the National Research Council was asked by NASA's Office of Space Science to provide a scientific assessment and strategy for the study of magnetized plasmas in the solar system. This report presents that assessment. It covers a number of important research goals for solar and space physics. The report is complementary to the NRC report, The Sun to the Earthâ€"and Beyond: A Decadal Research Strategy for Solar and Space Physics, which presents priorities and strategies for future program activities.
The Dynamical Ionosphere by Massimo Materassi,Biagio Forte,Anthea J. Coster,Susan Skone Pdf
The Dynamical Ionosphere: A Systems Approach to Ionospheric Irregularity examines the Earth’s ionosphere as a dynamical system with signatures of complexity. The system is robust in its overall configuration, with smooth space-time patterns of daily, seasonal and Solar Cycle variability, but shows a hierarchy of interactions among its sub-systems, yielding apparent unpredictability, space-time irregularity, and turbulence. This interplay leads to the need for constructing realistic models of the average ionosphere, incorporating the increasing knowledge and predictability of high variability components, and for addressing the difficulty of dealing with the worst cases of ionospheric disturbances, all of which are addressed in this interdisciplinary book. Borrowing tools and techniques from classical and stochastic dynamics, information theory, signal processing, fluid dynamics and turbulence science, The Dynamical Ionosphere presents the state-of-the-art in dealing with irregularity, forecasting ionospheric threats, and theoretical interpretation of various ionospheric configurations. Presents studies addressing Earth’s ionosphere as a complex dynamical system, including irregularities and radio scintillation, ionospheric turbulence, nonlinear time series analysis, space-ionosphere connection, and space-time structures Utilizes interdisciplinary tools and techniques, such as those associated with stochastic dynamics, information theory, signal processing, fluid dynamics and turbulence science Offers new data-driven models for different ionospheric variability phenomena Provides a synoptic view of the state-of-the-art and most updated theoretical interpretation, results and data analysis tools of the "worst case" behavior in ionospheric configurations