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Systematics and the Origin of Species, from the Viewpoint of a Zoologist by Ernst Mayr Pdf
This study, first published in 1942, helped to revolutionize evolutionary biology by offering a new approach to taxonomic principles, and correlating the ideas and findings of modern systematics with those of other life disciplines. This book is one of the foundational documents of the Evolutionary Synthesis. It is the book in which Ernst Mayr pioneered his concept of species based chiefly on such biological factors as interbreeding and reproductive isolation, taking into account ecology, geography and life history. In the introduction to this edition, Mayr reflects on the place of this work in the subsequent history of his field.
A gripping examination of invasive species' impact. Super species are the phenomenally successful invasive life-forms that are dominating ecosystems. These animals, plants and microbes have spread far from their native habitats, most often as a result of human activities. The key to super species' success is their ability to adapt quickly. Super species may be unusually aggressive, difficult to kill, unfazed by the presence and activity of humans, capable of astonishingly rapid rates of growth and reproduction, exceptionally tolerant of pollution or, in many cases, all of the above! Author Garry Hamilton profiles the 20 super species that are having the greatest impact in our world today, including: Feral pigs-- relentless boars that are trampling across Europe, North America and Australia Bullfrogs -- predatory amphibians that are endangering native frog populations Jellyfish -- spineless wonders that are dominating the world's oceans C. difficile -- potentially deadly microbes that flourish in human intestines Brown tree snakes -- unusually vicious reptiles that have overrun Guam and are now infiltrating America Argentine ants -- aggressive insects capable of forming super-colonies spanning thousands of miles Humboldt squid -- gigantic beasts that hunt in packs of several hundreds The author also examines the opposing views of top ecologists who are studying this global phenomenon. While some of these experts view invasive species as a threat to biodiversity that costs humans millions of dollars, others believe these creatures may simply be nature's way of restoring ecological vibrancy in the wake of human-mediated destruction. Whether good or bad, the life-forms in Super Species are the current winners in nature's ruthless process of natural selection.
From Naked Ape to Superspecies by David Suzuki,Holly Dressel Pdf
For millennia, we lived in harmony with the Earth, taking only what we required to survive. But in just the past few centuries, we have used our powers to satisfy our obsession with consumption and new technology, without regard for the consequences. And in doing so, we have exploited our surroundings on an unprecedented scale. In this revised and updated edition of From Naked Ape to Superspecies, David Suzuki and Holly Dressel lucidly describe how we have evolved beyond our needs, trampling other species, believing that we can make the Earth work the way we want it to. And they introduce us to the people who are fighting back, those who are resisting the inexorable advance of the "global economy" juggernaut, the people whose voices are difficult to hear over the din of corporate public relations machines. We learn about how human arrogance—demonstrated by our disregard for the small and microscopic species that constitute the Earth’s engine and our reckless use of technological inventions like powerful herbicides or genetically engineered crops—is threatening the health of our children and the safety of our food supply.
Species Concepts in Biology by Frank E. Zachos Pdf
Frank E. Zachos offers a comprehensive review of one of today’s most important and contentious issues in biology: the species problem. After setting the stage with key background information on the topic, the book provides a brief history of species concepts from antiquity to the Modern Synthesis, followed by a discussion of the ontological status of species with a focus on the individuality thesis and potential means of reconciling it with other philosophical approaches. More than 30 different species concepts found in the literature are presented in an annotated list, and the most important ones, including the Biological, Genetic, Evolutionary and different versions of the Phylogenetic Species Concept, are discussed in more detail. Specific questions addressed include the problem of asexual and prokaryotic species, intraspecific categories like subspecies and Evolutionarily Significant Units, and a potential solution to the species problem based on a hierarchical approach that distinguishes between ontological and operational species concepts. A full chapter is dedicated to the challenge of delimiting species by means of a discrete taxonomy in a continuous world of inherently fuzzy boundaries. Further, the book outlines the practical ramifications for ecology and evolutionary biology of how we define the species category, highlighting the danger of an apples and oranges problem if what we subsume under the same name (“species”) is in actuality a variety of different entities. A succinct summary chapter, glossary and annotated list of references round out the coverage, making the book essential reading for all biologists looking for an accessible introduction to the historical, philosophical and practical dimensions of the species problem.
Animal Species and Their Evolution by A. J. Cain Pdf
Long before Charles Darwin undertook his first voyage, animal taxonomists had begun the scientific classification of animals, plants, and minerals. In the mid-1950s, taxonomist A. J. Cain summarized the state of knowledge about the structure of the living world in his major book Animal Species and Their Evolution. His work remains remarkably current today. Here Cain explains each of the terms by which scientists now classify all animals--from species through genus, family, order, class, and phylum. The work of the modern taxonomist is dependent on the work of paleontologists, field biologists, ecologists, and other specialists who help piece together the puzzle of nature. This seminal text will interest students in each of these areas. It will also appeal to historians of science and to all amateur scientists with an interest in the animal kingdom. Originally published in 1993. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Mammal Species of the World by Don E. Wilson,DeeAnn M. Reeder Pdf
This indispensable reference work belongs in public and academic libraries throughout the world and on the shelf of every biologist who works with mammals.
Concepts in Nematode Systematics by A. R. Stone,H. M. Platt,L. F. Khalil Pdf
General principles for the phylogenetic systematic of nematodes; Phylogenetic systematics: problems, achievements and its application to the nematoda; Nematoda higher classification as influenced by species and family concepts; The use of the subspecies and the superspecies categories in nematode taxonomy; Cytogenetic aspects of nematode evolution; The use of the female reproductive system in nematode systematics; Observations on spermatozoa in aquatic nematodes; Scanning electron microscopy as a tool in nematode taxonomy; Evolution of plant parasitism in nematodes; Tylenchidae: morphological diversity in a natural, evolutionary group; Phylogeny, historical biogeography and the species concept in soil nematodes; Problems of species delimitation in the genus Xiphinema, with special reference to monosexual species; Taxonomic problems in long-tailed dorylaims; Enzyme polymorphism and the concept of parthenogenetic species exemplified by Meloidogyne; Problems in the classification of Meloidogyne reproducing by mitotic parthenogenesis; Diversity of selected taxa of Globodera and Heterodera and their interspecific and intergeneric hybrids; Three approaches to the status of a species complex, with a revision of some species of Globodera (Nematoda: Heteroderidae); The potential of some immunochemical and biochemical approaches to the taxonomy of potato cyst-nematodes; Phylogenetic relationships in the mermithidae (Nematoda) based on traditional and physiological evidence; Morphology of the genital cone in the nematode family trichostrongylidae and its value as a taxonomic character; The synlophe and species determination of Trichostrongyloidea; Polymorphism in the Trichostrongylidae; Observations on the systematics of ascaridoid nematodes; The systematics of ascaridoid nematodes - a current assessment; Species recognition in human filaroids; The species problem in Trichinella; Taxonomic problems in capillariid nematodes parasitic in cold-blooded vertebrates.
Meet the heaviest insect in the world--the goliath beetle! Everything about this title is big, from the full-bleed photographs to the content. Readers will learn all that is super-sized about this hefty beetle. Aligned to Common Core Standards and correlated to state standards. Abdo Kids is a division of ABDO.