Superfluid States Of Matter

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Superfluid States of Matter

Boris V. Svistunov,Egor S. Babaev,Nikolay V. Prokof'ev
Superfluid States of Matter Book PDF

Author : Boris V. Svistunov,Egor S. Babaev,Nikolay V. Prokof'ev
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 583 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2015-04-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781439802762

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Superfluid States of Matter by Boris V. Svistunov,Egor S. Babaev,Nikolay V. Prokof'ev Pdf

Covers the State of the Art in Superfluidity and Superconductivity Superfluid States of Matter addresses the phenomenon of superfluidity/superconductivity through an emergent, topologically protected constant of motion and covers topics developed over the past 20 years. The approach is based on the idea of separating universal classical-field superfluid properties of matter from the underlying system’s “quanta.” The text begins by deriving the general physical principles behind superfluidity/superconductivity within the classical-field framework and provides a deep understanding of all key aspects in terms of the dynamics and statistics of a classical-field system. It proceeds by explaining how this framework emerges in realistic quantum systems, with examples that include liquid helium, high-temperature superconductors, ultra-cold atomic bosons and fermions, and nuclear matter. The book also offers several powerful modern approaches to the subject, such as functional and path integrals. Comprised of 15 chapters, this text: Establishes the fundamental macroscopic properties of superfluids and superconductors within the paradigm of the classical matter field Deals with a single-component neutral matter field Considers fundamentals and properties of superconductors Describes new physics of superfluidity and superconductivity that arises in multicomponent systems Presents the quantum-field perspective on the conditions under which classical-field description is relevant in bosonic and fermionic systems Introduces the path integral formalism Shows how Feynman path integrals can be efficiently simulated with the worm algorithm Explains why nonsuperfluid (insulating) ground states of regular and disordered bosons occur under appropriate conditions Explores superfluid solids (supersolids) Discusses the rich dynamics of vortices and various aspects of superfluid turbulence at T →0 Provides account of BCS theory for the weakly interacting Fermi gas Highlights and analyzes the most crucial developments that has led to the current understanding of superfluidity and superconductivity Reviews the variety of superfluid and superconducting systems available today in nature and the laboratory, as well as the states that experimental realization is currently actively pursuing

States of Matter

David L. Goodstein
States of Matter Book PDF

Author : David L. Goodstein
Publisher : Courier Corporation
Page : 512 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2014-06-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780486795515

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States of Matter by David L. Goodstein Pdf

Suitable for advanced undergraduates and graduate students of physics, this uniquely comprehensive overview provides a rigorous, integrated treatment of physical principles and techniques related to gases, liquids, solids, and their phase transitions. 1975 edition.

Modern trends in Superconductivity and Superfluidity

M. Yu. Kagan
Modern trends in Superconductivity and Superfluidity Book PDF

Author : M. Yu. Kagan
Publisher : Springer
Page : 550 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2013-12-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400769618

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Modern trends in Superconductivity and Superfluidity by M. Yu. Kagan Pdf

This book concisely presents the latest trends in the physics of superconductivity and superfluidity and magnetism in novel systems, as well as the problem of BCS-BEC crossover in ultracold quantum gases and high-Tc superconductors. It further illuminates the intensive exchange of ideas between these closely related fields of condensed matter physics over the last 30 years of their dynamic development. The content is based on the author’s original findings obtained at the Kapitza Institute, as well as advanced lecture courses he held at the Moscow Engineering Physical Institute, Amsterdam University, Loughborough University and LPTMS Orsay between 1994 and 2011. In addition to the findings of his group, the author discusses the most recent concepts in these fields, obtained both in Russia and in the West. The book consists of 16 chapters which are divided into four parts. The first part describes recent developments in superfluid hydrodynamics of quantum fluids and solids, including the fashionable subject of possible supersolidity in quantum crystals of 4He, while the second describes BCS-BEC crossover in quantum Fermi-Bose gases and mixtures, as well as in the underdoped states of cuprates. The third part is devoted to non-phonon mechanisms of superconductivity in unconventional (anomalous) superconductors, including some important aspects of the theory of high-Tc superconductivity. |The last part considers the anomalous normal state of novel superconductive materials and materials with colossal magnetoresistance (CMR). The book offers a valuable guide for senior-level undergraduate students and graduate students, postdoctoral and other researchers specializing in solid-state and low-temperature physics.

Exotic Properties of Superfluid Helium 3

G E Volovik
Exotic Properties of Superfluid Helium 3 Book PDF

Author : G E Volovik
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1992-03-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814513982

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Exotic Properties of Superfluid Helium 3 by G E Volovik Pdf

This book discusses the unique properties of superfluid phases of 3He, the condensed matter with the outmost broken symmetry, which combine in a surprising way the properties of ordered magnets, liquid crystals and superfluids. The complicated vacuum state of these phases with a large number of fermionic and bosonic quasiparticles and topological objects remains the vacuum in modern quantum field theories. Some of the objects and physical phenomena in 3He have strong analogy with the neutrino, W-bosons, weak interactions, gravity, chiral anomaly, Quantum Hall Effect and fractional statistics. As an example of topological objects, the quantized vortices in 3He phases are discussed in detail, including singular and continuous vortices, half-quantum vortices, broken symmetry in the vortex core and phase transitions between the vortex states with different symmetry and topology. Contents:IntroductionBroken Symmetry in Superfluid Phase of 3HeTextures and Super-currents in Superfluid Phases of 3HeBose Excitations in Superfluid Phases of 3HeFermi Excitations in Superfluid Phases of 3HeOrbital Dynamics and Anomalies in Quantum Field TheoryTopological Objects in Superfluid Phases of 3HeSpontaneous Symmetry Breaking in the 3He VorticesQuasi-Two-Dimensional Superfluid 3He: Fractional Charge, Spin and StatisticsConclusion Readership: Condensed matter physicists. keywords:“Exotic Properties of Superfluid 3He will be of considerable interest to superfluid 3He researchers and to field theorists anxious to find out, in language that is comprehensible to them, what is happening in 3He physics.”John Hook Physics World

Extreme States of Matter

Vladimir E. Fortov
Extreme States of Matter Book PDF

Author : Vladimir E. Fortov
Publisher : Springer
Page : 700 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2015-12-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319189536

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Extreme States of Matter by Vladimir E. Fortov Pdf

With its many beautiful colour pictures, this book gives fascinating insights into the unusual forms and behaviour of matter under extremely high pressures and temperatures. These extreme states are generated, among other things, by strong shock, detonation and electric explosion waves, dense laser beams, electron and ion beams, hypersonic entry of spacecraft into dense atmospheres of planets and in many other situations characterized by extremely high pressures and temperatures. Written by one of the world's foremost experts on the topic, this book will inform and fascinate all scientists dealing with materials properties and physics and also serve as an excellent introduction to plasma-, shock-wave and high-energy-density physics for students and newcomers seeking an overview. This second edition is thoroughly revised and expanded, in particular with new material on high energy-density physics, nuclear explosions and other nuclear transformation processes.

The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3

Dieter Vollhardt,Peter Wolfle
The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 Book PDF

Author : Dieter Vollhardt,Peter Wolfle
Publisher : Courier Corporation
Page : 660 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2013-10-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780486486314

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The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 by Dieter Vollhardt,Peter Wolfle Pdf

This classic of modern theoretical physics is the first and only comprehensive treatment of the superfluid phases of helium 3, a crucial aspect of condensed matter physics with applications to many other fields. The self-contained approach explores ideas, concepts, and theoretical results, emphasizing symmetries and the consequences of their spontaneous breakdown. 1990 edition.

Superconductivity, Superfluids and Condensates

James F. Annett
Superconductivity Superfluids and Condensates Book PDF

Author : James F. Annett
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2004-03-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 0198507569

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Superconductivity, Superfluids and Condensates by James F. Annett Pdf

This textbook series has been designed for final year undergraduate and first year graduate students, providing an overview of the entire field showing how specialized topics are part of the wider whole, and including references to current areas of literature and research.

Superfluidity

Fouad Sabry
Superfluidity Book PDF

Author : Fouad Sabry
Publisher : One Billion Knowledgeable
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2022-01-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : PKEY:6610000334612

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Superfluidity by Fouad Sabry Pdf

What Is Superfluidity Superfluidity is the characteristic property of a fluid with zero viscosity which therefore flows without any loss of kinetic energy. When stirred, a superfluid forms vortices that continue to rotate indefinitely. Superfluidity occurs in two isotopes of helium when they are liquefied by cooling to cryogenic temperatures. It is also a property of various other exotic states of matter theorized to exist in astrophysics, high-energy physics, and theories of quantum gravity. The theory of superfluidity was developed by Soviet theoretical physicists Lev Landau and Isaak Khalatnikov. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Superfluidity Chapter 2: Superfluid vacuum theory Chapter 3: Boojum (superfluidity) Chapter 4: Condensed matter physics Chapter 5: Macroscopic quantum phenomena Chapter 6: Quantum hydrodynamics Chapter 7: Materials science (II) Answering the public top questions about superfluidity. (III) Real world examples for the usage of superfluidity in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of superfluidity' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of superfluidity.

Exotic Properties of Superfluid 3He

G. E. Volovik
Exotic Properties of Superfluid 3He Book PDF

Author : G. E. Volovik
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Science
ISBN : 9810207050

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Exotic Properties of Superfluid 3He by G. E. Volovik Pdf

This book discusses the unique properties of superfluid phases of 3He, the condensed matter with the outmost broken symmetry, which combine in a surprising way the properties of ordered magnets, liquid crystals and superfluids. The complicated vacuum state of these phases with a large number of fermionic and bosonic quasiparticles and topological objects remains the vacuum in modern quantum field theories. Some of the objects and physical phenomena in 3He have strong analogy with the neutrino, W-bosons, weak interactions, gravity, chiral anomaly, Quantum Hall Effect and fractional statistics. As an example of topological objects, the quantized vortices in 3He phases are discussed in detail, including singular and continuous vortices, half-quantum vortices, broken symmetry in the vortex core and phase transitions between the vortex states with different symmetry and topology.

Nuclear Methods and the Nuclear Equation of State

Marcello Baldo
Nuclear Methods and the Nuclear Equation of State Book PDF

Author : Marcello Baldo
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 528 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Science
ISBN : 9810221657

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Nuclear Methods and the Nuclear Equation of State by Marcello Baldo Pdf

The theoretical study of the nuclear equation of state (EOS) is a field of research which deals with most of the fundamental problems of nuclear physics. This book gives an overview of the present status of the microscopic theory of the nuclear EOS. Its aim is essentially twofold: first, to serve as a textbook for students entering the field, by covering the different subjects as exhaustively and didactically as possible; second, to be a reference book for all researchers active in the theory of nuclear matter, by providing a report on the latest developments. Special emphasis is given to the numerous open problems existing at present and the prospects for their possible solutions.The general framework of the different approaches presented in the book is the meson theory of nuclear forces ? where no free parameter is introduced ? and the many-body treatment of nucleon-nucleon correlations. The ultimate hope of this world-wide effort is the understanding of the structure of nuclear matter, both in the ground state and at finite temperature.The main audience addressed is the community of theoretical nuclear physicists, but nuclear experimentalists and astrophysicists will also find in the book an extensive amount of material of direct interest for their everyday work, particularly for those studying heavy-ion collisions, where the nuclear EOS is of special relevance. Finally, theoretical physicists working on elementary particle theory could find in the book some stimulating ideas and problems directly related to their field.

Condensed Matter Field Theory

Alexander Altland,Ben Simons
Condensed Matter Field Theory Book PDF

Author : Alexander Altland,Ben Simons
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 637 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2006-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780521845083

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Condensed Matter Field Theory by Alexander Altland,Ben Simons Pdf

Primer, including problems and solutions, for graduate level courses on theoretical quantum condensed matter physics.

Introduction to Superfluidity

Andreas Schmitt
Introduction to Superfluidity Book PDF

Author : Andreas Schmitt
Publisher : Springer
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2014-07-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319079479

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Introduction to Superfluidity by Andreas Schmitt Pdf

Superfluidity – and closely related to it, superconductivity – are very general phenomena that can occur on vastly different energy scales. Their underlying theoretical mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking is even more general and applies to a multitude of physical systems. In these lecture notes, a pedagogical introduction to the field-theory approach to superfluidity is presented. The connection to more traditional approaches, often formulated in a different language, is carefully explained in order to provide a consistent picture that is useful for students and researchers in all fields of physics. After introducing the basic concepts, such as the two-fluid model and the Goldstone mode, selected topics of current research are addressed, such as the BCS-BEC crossover and Cooper pairing with mismatched Fermi momenta.

States of Matter, States of Mind

Allan F.M. Barton
States of Matter States of Mind Book PDF

Author : Allan F.M. Barton
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 1997-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 0750304189

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States of Matter, States of Mind by Allan F.M. Barton Pdf

States of Matter, States of Mind is an easy-to-read introduction to the way the physical world is put together and stays together. The book presents the fundamental ideas and particles of the makeup of the universe to enable understanding of matter and why it behaves in the way it does. Written in an engaging manner, the book explains some of the intricate details and grand schemes of life and the universe, by making analogies with common everyday examples. For example, the recipe for a cake tells us nothing of how good the cake tastes, but is a model of the food, and a scientific model is no closer to the reality of the materials than a recipe is to the mouth-watering flavor of the cake. Illustrated with helpful cartoons, this book provides a vast knowledge of atoms and atmospheres. The first several chapters introduce terms and fundamental ideas while later chapters deal successively with particles and systems, from the electron to the universe as a system. Each new idea introduced builds upon the last. A user-friendly bibliography provides references for further reading.

The Microscopic Theory of Superfluid He II and with Its QCE Superfluidity Mechanism Applied to Superconductors

J. X. Zheng-Johansson,P.-I. Johansson
The Microscopic Theory of Superfluid He II and with Its QCE Superfluidity Mechanism Applied to Superconductors Book PDF

Author : J. X. Zheng-Johansson,P.-I. Johansson
Publisher : Nova Publishers
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Science
ISBN : 1590339746

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The Microscopic Theory of Superfluid He II and with Its QCE Superfluidity Mechanism Applied to Superconductors by J. X. Zheng-Johansson,P.-I. Johansson Pdf

The authors introduce the full content of the Microscopic Theory of Superfluid He II, developed since 1998; also given are brief accounts of the application of one concept from the theory, the QCE1 Superfluidity Mechanism, to superconductors. One peer review report writes: "The authors include more of the underlying physics than some earlier theories, and the comparisons they make with experimental data are satisfactory". The Microscopic Theory of Superfluid He II has several important features, which distinguishes this theory from the previous theories of He II. The immense volume of information the authors have today, especially the pieces of information revealing the microscopic dynamics of the system, was not available to the developers of the previous theories in the 1930s-1940s. This book also demonstrates how the general principles of quantum mechanics and condensed matter physics can be consistently applied to a given system with confidence, once a realistic microscopic model is derived for it. It demonstrates in turn the validity of the general physics principles in such an extreme system as the quantum fluid He II.

Condensed Matter Physics: a Very Short Introduction

Ross McKenzie
Condensed Matter Physics a Very Short Introduction Book PDF

Author : Ross McKenzie
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 177 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2023-02-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780198845423

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Condensed Matter Physics: a Very Short Introduction by Ross McKenzie Pdf

There are many more states of matter than just solid, liquid, and gas. Examples include liquid crystal, magnet, glass, and superconductor. New states are continually, and unexpectedly, being discovered. Some states, such as superconductor, can act like Schrödinger's cat and exhibit the weirdness normally associated with the quantum theory of atoms, photons, and electrons. Condensed matter physics seeks to understand how states of matter and their distinct physical properties emerge from the atoms of which a material is composed. A system of many interacting parts can have properties that the parts do not have. Water is wet, but a single water molecule is not. Your brain is conscious, but a single neuron is not. Such emergent phenomena are central to condensed matter physics and also occur in many fields, from biology to computer science to sociology, leading to rich intellectual connections. When do quantitative differences become qualitative differences? Can simple models describe rich and complex behaviour? What is the relationship between the particular and the universal? How is the abstract related to the concrete? Condensed matter physics is all about these big questions. The materials in silicon chips, liquid crystal displays, and magnetic computer memories, may have transformed society, but understanding them has transformed how we think about complex systems. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.