Superfund And Mining Megasites

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Superfund Site Assessment and Remediation in the Coeur d' Alene River Basin
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 505 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2006-01-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309097147

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Superfund and Mining Megasites by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Superfund Site Assessment and Remediation in the Coeur d' Alene River Basin Pdf

For more than 100 years, the Coeur d' Alene River Basin has been known as "The Silver Valley" for being one of the most productive silver, lead, and zinc mining areas in the United States. Over time, high levels of metals (including lead, arsenic, cadmium, and zinc) were discovered in the local environment and elevated blood lead levels were found in children in communities near the metal-refining and smelter complex. In 1983, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) listed a 21-square mile mining area in northern Idaho as a Superfund site. EPA extended those boundaries in 1998 to include areas throughout the 1500-square mile area Coeur d'Alene River Basin project area. Under Superfund, EPA has developed a plan to clean up the contaminated area that will cost an estimated $359 million over 3 decades-and this effort is only the first step in the cleanup process. Superfund and Mining Megasites: Lessons from Coeur d'Alene River Basin evaluates the issues and concerns that have been raised regarding EPA's decisions about cleaning up the area. The scientific and technical practices used by EPA to make decisions about human health risks at the Coeur d'Alene River Basin Superfund site are generally sound; however, there are substantial concerns regarding environmental protection decisions, particularly dealing with the effectiveness of long-term plans.

Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Superfund, Toxics, Risk, and Waste Management
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 90 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Law
ISBN : STANFORD:36105050355614

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Superfund Program by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Superfund, Toxics, Risk, and Waste Management Pdf

Author : Bradley D. Snow
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2017-07-31
Category : History
ISBN : 9780822982791

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Living with Lead by Bradley D. Snow Pdf

The Coeur d’Alenes, a twenty-five by ten mile portion of the Idaho Panhandle, is home to one of the most productive mining districts in world history. Historically the globe’s richest silver district and also one of the nation’s biggest lead and zinc producers, the Coeur d’Alenes’ legacy also includes environmental pollution on an epic scale. For decades local waters were fouled with tailings from the mining district’s more than one hundred mines and mills and the air surrounding Kellogg, Idaho was laced with lead and other toxic heavy metals issuing from the Bunker Hill Company’s smelter. The same industrial processes that damaged the environment and harmed human health, however, also provided economic sustenance to thousands of local residents and a string of proud, working-class communities. Living with Lead endeavors to untangle the costs and benefits of a century of mining, milling, and smelting in a small western city and the region that surrounds it.

Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Abandoned mined lands reclamation
ISBN : PURD:32754076779341

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To Promote Remediation of Inactive and Abandoned Mines, and for Other Purposes by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works Pdf

Author : Katherine Probst
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2010-09-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136523823

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Superfund's Future by Katherine Probst Pdf

First Published in 2001. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Author : Thomas Robertson,Richard P. Tucker,Nicholas B. Breyfogle,Peter Mansoor
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 399 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2020-04-02
Category : History
ISBN : 9781108419765

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Nature at War by Thomas Robertson,Richard P. Tucker,Nicholas B. Breyfogle,Peter Mansoor Pdf

"World War II was the largest and most destructive conflict in human history. It was an existential struggle that pitted irreconcilable political systems and ideologies against one another across the globe in a decade of violence unlike any other. There is little doubt today that the United States had to engage in the fighting, especially after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. The conflict was, in the words of historians Allan Millett and Williamson Murray, "a war to be won." As the world's largest industrial power, the United States put forth a supreme effort to produce the weapons, munitions, and military formations essential to achieving victory. When the war finally ended, the finale signaled by atomic mushroom clouds over Hiroshima and Nagasaki, upwards of 60 million people had perished in the inferno. Of course, the human toll represented only part of the devastation; global environments also suffered greatly. The growth and devastation of the Second World War significantly changed American landscapes as well. The war created or significantly expanded a number of industries, put land to new uses, spurred urbanization, and left a legacy of pollution that would in time create a new term: Superfund site"--

Author : Olle Selinus,Robert B. Finkelman,Jose A. Centeno
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2010-06-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789048134304

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Medical Geology by Olle Selinus,Robert B. Finkelman,Jose A. Centeno Pdf

Medical Geology is a rapidly growing field concerned with the relationship between natural geological factors and human and animal health, as well as with improving our understanding of the influence of environmental factors on the geographical distribution of health problems. This book brings together the work of geoscientists and medical/public health researchers, which addresses health problems caused, or exacerbated by geological materials (rocks, minerals, atmospheric dust and water) and processes (including volcanic eruptions and earthquakes. Among the environmental health problems discussed in this book are: exposure to toxic levels of trace essential and non-essential elements such as arsenic and mercury; trace element deficiencies; exposure to natural dusts and to radioactivity; naturally occurring organic compounds in drinking water; volcanic emissions, etc. The text also deals with the many health benefits of geologic materials and processes. This wide-ranging volume covers issues in medical geology all over the world with each author covering their respective region. It provides examples from different continents as well as a state-of-the-art review of the latest developments in the discipline. The authors are all recognized geoscientific and medical experts working in the field. The book is written for a wide variety of specialists from geologists, geochemists, pathologists and medical doctors to veterinarians and biologists.

Author : Danny D. Reible
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 462 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2013-07-20
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461467267

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Processes, Assessment and Remediation of Contaminated Sediments by Danny D. Reible Pdf

The purpose of this book is to help engineers and scientists better understand contaminated sediment sites and identify and design remedial approaches that are more efficient and effective. Contaminated sediment management is a difficult and costly exercise that is rarely addressed with easily identified and implemented remedies. It is hoped that this book can help identify and implement management approaches that provide an optimal, if not entirely satisfactory, solution to sediment contaminant problems.​

Author : James A. Jacobs,Jay H. Lehr,Stephen M. Testa
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 502 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2014-04-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781118749241

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Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage, and Acid Sulfate Soils by James A. Jacobs,Jay H. Lehr,Stephen M. Testa Pdf

Provides the tools needed to analyze and solve acid drainage problems Featuring contributions from leading experts in science and engineering, this book explores the complex biogeochemistry of acid mine drainage, rock drainage, and acid sulfate soils. It describes how to predict, prevent, and remediate the environmental impact of acid drainage and the oxidation of sulfides, offering the latest sampling and analytical methods. Moreover, readers will discover new approaches for recovering valuable resources from acid mine drainage, including bioleaching. Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage, and Acid Sulfate Soils reviews the most current findings in the field, offering new insights into the underlying causes as well as new tools to minimize the harm of acid drainage: Part I: Causes of Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage and Sulfate Soils focuses on the biogeochemistry of acid drainage in different environments. Part II: Assessment of Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage and Sulfate Soils covers stream characterization, aquatic and biological sampling, evaluation of aquatic resources, and some unusual aspects of sulfide oxidation. Part III: Prediction and Prevention of Acid Drainage discusses acid-base accounting, kinetic testing, block modeling, petrology, and mineralogy studies. It also explains relevant policy and regulations. Part IV: Remediation of Acid Drainage, Rock Drainage and Sulfate Soils examines both passive and active cleanup methods to remediate acid drainage. Case studies from a variety of geologic settings highlight various approaches to analyzing and solving acid drainage problems. Replete with helpful appendices and an extensive list of web resources, Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage, and Acid Sulfate Soils is recommended for mining engineers and scientists, regulatory officials, environmental scientists, land developers, and students.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Toxicology,Committee on Emergency and Continuous Exposure Guidance Levels for Selected Submarine Contaminants
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2009-10-21
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309143790

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Emergency and Continuous Exposure Guidance Levels for Selected Submarine Contaminants by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Toxicology,Committee on Emergency and Continuous Exposure Guidance Levels for Selected Submarine Contaminants Pdf

U.S. Navy personnel who work on submarines are in an enclosed and isolated environment for days or weeks at a time when at sea. Unlike a typical work environment, they are potentially exposed to air contaminants 24 hours a day. To protect workers from potential adverse health effects due to those conditions, the U.S. Navy has established exposure guidance levels for a number of contaminants. The Navy asked a subcommittee of the National Research Council (NRC) to review, and develop when necessary, exposure guidance levels for specific contaminants. This volume, the third in a series, recommends 1-hour and 24-hour emergency exposure guidance levels (EEGLs) and 90-day continuous exposure guidance levels (CEGLs) for acetaldehyde, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen sulfide, and propylene glycol dinitrate.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Toxicology,Committee on Combined Exposures to Hydrogen Cyanide and Carbon Monoxide in Army Operations
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2008-02-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309113663

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Combined Exposures to Hydrogen Cyanide and Carbon Monoxide in Army Operations by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Toxicology,Committee on Combined Exposures to Hydrogen Cyanide and Carbon Monoxide in Army Operations Pdf

In response to a request from the U.S. Army, a committee convened by the National Research Council (NRC) conducted the first in a sequence of studies evaluating the combined health effects of low-level exposure to two chemicals Army personnel are likely to be exposed to in firing tank weapons. The Army sought information on whether the two chemicals, hydrogen cyanide and carbon monoxide, result in similar health impacts and should be assessed together when establishing exposure limits. Based on a review of the scientific literature, the report finds that the biochemical health impacts of the chemicals are similar and that the Army's proposed approach to setting exposure limits is appropriate. Because previous research has focused on high exposures, this initial NRC report recommends that futher neurological studies at low concentrations of exposure to the chemicals be conducted.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Toxicology,Committee on Spacecraft Exposure Guidelines
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2008-11-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309177955

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Spacecraft Water Exposure Guidelines for Selected Contaminants by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Toxicology,Committee on Spacecraft Exposure Guidelines Pdf

NASA maintains an active interest in the environmental conditions associated with living and working in spacecraft and identifying hazards that might adversely affect the health and well-being of crew members. Despite major engineering advances in controlling the spacecraft environment, some water and air contamination is inevitable. Several hundred chemical species are likely to be found in the closed environment of the spacecraft, and as the frequency, complexity, and duration of human space flight increase, identifying and understanding significant health hazards will become more complicated and more critical for the success of the missions. To protect space crews from contaminants in potable and hygiene water, NASA requested that the National Research Council NRC provide guidance on how to develop water exposure guidelines and subsequently review NASA's development of the exposure guidelines for specific chemicals. This book presents spacecraft water exposure guidelines (SWEGs) for antimony, benzene, ethylene glycol, methanol, methyl ethyl ketone, and propylene glycol.

Author : National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Risk assessment
ISBN : 9780309187046

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Nineteenth Interim Report of the Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels: Part A by National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels Pdf

The present report is the committee's 19th interim report. It summarizes the committee's conclusions and recommendations for improving NAC's AEGL documents for the following chemicals and chemical classes: acrylonitrile, benzonitrile, boron tribromide, BZ (3-quinuclidinyl benzilate), chloroarsenicals, chloroformates, bis-chloromethylether, chloromethylether, chlorosilanes (26 selected compounds), cyanogen, ethyl mercaptan, hexafluoroacetone, lewisites, mercury vapor, nitric acid, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen tetroxide, oleum, phenyl mercaptan, propargyl alcohol, selenium hexafluoride, silane, sulfer trioxide, sulfuric acid, tear gas, tert-octyl mercaptan, tetramethoxy silane, thionyl chloride, trimethoxysilane, trimethylbenzenes (1,2,4-; 1,2,5-;and 1,3,5-TMB), and vinyl chloride.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Toxicology,Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2012-05-24
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309255011

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Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Toxicology,Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels Pdf

Extremely hazardous substances (EHSs) can be released accidentally as a result of chemical spills, industrial explosions, fires, or accidents involving railroad cars and trucks transporting EHSs. Workers and residents in communities surrounding industrial facilities where EHSs are manufactured, used, or stored and in communities along the nation's railways and highways are potentially at risk of being exposed to airborne EHSs during accidental releases or intentional releases by terrorists. Using the 1993 and 2001 NRC guidelines reports, the National Advisory Committee - consisting of members from the Environmental Protection Agency, the Department of Defense, the Department of Energy, the Department of Transportation, other federal and state governments, the chemical industry, academia, and other organizations form the private sector has developed Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGL) for more than 270 EHSs. In 1998, the EPA and DOD requested that the NRC independently reviewed the AEGLs developed by the NAC. In response to that request, the NRC organized within its Committee on Toxicology the Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels, which prepared this report, Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 12. This report explains the scientifically valid conclusions that are based on the data reviewed by NAC and consistent with the NRC guideline reports and provides comments and recommendations for how AEGL could be improved.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Contaminated Drinking Water at Camp Lejeune
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2009-09-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309136990

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Contaminated Water Supplies at Camp Lejeune by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Contaminated Drinking Water at Camp Lejeune Pdf

In the early 1980s, two water-supply systems on the Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune in North Carolina were found to be contaminated with the industrial solvents trichloroethylene (TCE) and perchloroethylene (PCE). The water systems were supplied by the Tarawa Terrace and Hadnot Point watertreatment plants, which served enlisted-family housing, barracks for unmarried service personnel, base administrative offices, schools, and recreational areas. The Hadnot Point water system also served the base hospital and an industrial area and supplied water to housing on the Holcomb Boulevard water system (full-time until 1972 and periodically thereafter). This book examines what is known about the contamination of the water supplies at Camp Lejeune and whether the contamination can be linked to any adverse health outcomes in former residents and workers at the base.