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This book describes wetting fundamentals and reviews the standard protocol for contact angle measurements. The authors include a brief overview of applications of contact angle measurements in surface science and engineering. They also discuss recent advances and research trends in wetting fundamentals and include measurement techniques and data interpretation of contract angles.
Stimuli-Responsive Dewetting/Wetting Smart Surfaces and Interfaces by Atsushi Hozumi,Lei Jiang,Haeshin Lee,Masatsugu Shimomura Pdf
Superhydrophobic surfaces, artificially mimicking lotus leaves, have captured the attention of scientists and engineers over the past few decades. Recent trends have shifted from superhydrophobicity to superominipohobicity, or superamphiphobicity. In addition, dynamic rather than static surface wetting/dewetting properties, which can be triggered by various stimuli, including temperature, pH, magnetic/electric fields, solvents, light exposure etc, have been highly sought after for commercial applications. This book will focus on recent topics related to various stimuli-responsive wetting/dewetting surfaces, and give an overview of the knowledge and concepts of how to design and establish these smart artificial surfaces, which can be used for technical developments in a wide variety research fields.
Nanotechnologies for Synthetic Super Non-wetting Surfaces by Vincent Senez,Vincent Thomy,Renaud Dufour Pdf
Texturing surfaces at micro- and/or nano-scales modifies the interactions of liquids and solids. This book is a summary of the state of the art concerning the development and use of micro/nano-technologies for the design of synthetic liquid repellent surfaces with a particular focus on super-omniphobic materials. It proposes a comprehensive understanding of the physical mechanisms involved in the wetting of these surfaces and reviews emerging applications in various fields such as energy harvesting and biology, as well as highlighting the current limitations and challenges which are yet to be overcome.
The Surface Wettability Effect on Phase Change by Marco Marengo,Joel De Coninck Pdf
The Surface Wettability Effect on Phase Change collects high level contributions from internationally recognised scientists in the field. It thoroughly explores surface wettability, with topics spanning from the physics of phase change, physics of nucleation, mesoscale modeling, analysis of phenomena such drop evaporation, boiling, local heat flux at triple line, Leidenfrost, dropwise condensation, heat transfer enhancement, freezing, icing. All the topics are treated by discussing experimental results, mathematical modeling and numerical simulations. In particular, the numerical methods look at direct numerical simulations in the framework of VOF simulations, phase-field simulations and molecular dynamics. An introduction to equilibrium and non-equilibrium thermodynamics of phase change, wetting phenomena, liquid interfaces, numerical simulation of wetting phenomena and phase change is offered for readers who are less familiar in the field. This book will be of interest to researchers, academics, engineers, and postgraduate students working in the area of thermofluids, thermal management, and surface technology.
Wetting and Wettability by Mahmood Aliofkhazraei Pdf
On the liquid 's surface, the molecules have fewer neighbors in comparison with the bulk volume. As a result, the energy interaction shows itself in the surface tension. Traditionally, the surface tension can be assumed as a force in the unit of the length which can be counted by the unit of Newton on squared meter, or energy on the units of the surface. The surface tension, implies the interface between liquid and vapor, which is an example of the surface tensions. The equilibrium between these surface tensions, decides that a droplet on a solid surface, would have a droplet form or will change to layer form. This book collects new developments in wetting and wettability science.
Materials with Extreme Wetting Properties by Majid Hosseini,Ioannis Karapanagiotis Pdf
This book aims at identifying novel advanced materials of extreme wetting properties (MEWP) for practical, industrial applications. The state-of-the art superhdyrophobic, superhdyrophilic, superoleophobic, superoleophilic, and superomniphobic materials, that are MEWP, with respect to their technological and emerging industrial applications are discussed in this book. MEWP offer new perspectives providing numerous potential applications. Hence, these advanced MEWP have the potential to lead to a new generation of products and devices with unique properties and functionalities. Despite the large scientific progress on MEWP there are still some obstacles which have to be solved to make these materials available for real life applications. Recent advances on the production strategies, including methods and materials, of MEWP has shown that the durability and sustainability obstacles can be addressed thus offering the possibility for industrial exploitation. MEWP with wettabilities ranging from superhydrophobicity to superhydrophilicity provide promising avenues for several and important applications, which sometimes are crucial for the humankind. This book also discusses a large variety of other potential applications of MEWP, thus providing new ideas to scientists and engineers for further exploitation of these novel materials. Moreover, the whole spectrum of the recent technological developments, current research progress, future outlook, and the modern trends in the applications of MEWP are discussed in a consistent approach.
Contact Angle, Wettability and Adhesion, Volume 6 by Kash L. Mittal Pdf
The topic of wettability (measured in terms of contact angle) is of tremendous interest from both fundamental and applied points of view, Wettability plays an essential role in many industrial processes, so an understanding of factors dictating wettability and how to modulate it is of paramount importance. In the last years there has been an explos
Motivated by a plethora of phenomena from nature, this textbook introduces into the physics of wetting of surfaces. After a brief discussion of the foundations of surface tension, its implementation for floating objects, capillary waves, bouncing droplets, walking of water striders, etc. is discussed. Furthermore, Marangoni flows, surface tension inspired instabilities, condensation and evaporation of droplets, liquid marbles, superhydrophobicity and superoleophobicity (lotus effect) are introduced. All relevant concepts are illustrated by the numerous qualitative and quantitative exercises. Contents What is surface tension? Wetting of surfaces: the contact angle Surface tension-assisted floating of heavy and light objects and walking of water striders Capillary interactions between particles. Particles placed on liquid surfaces. Elasticity of liquid surfaces, covered by colloidal particles Capillary waves Oscillation of droplets Marangoni flow and surface instabilities Evaporation of droplets. The Kelvin and the coffee-stain effects Condensation, growth and coalescence of droplets and the breath-figure self-assembly Dynamics of wetting: bouncing, spreading and rolling of droplets (water hammer effect – water entry and drag-out problems)Superhydrophobicity and superoleophobicity: the Wenzel and Cassie wetting regimes The Leidenfrost effect. Liquid marbles: self-propulsion Physics, geometry, life and death of soap films and bubbles
Electrons, Neutrons and Protons in Engineering by J. R. Eaton Pdf
Electrons, Neutrons and Protons in Engineering focuses on the engineering significance of electrons, neutrons, and protons. The emphasis is on engineering materials and processes whose characteristics may be explained by considering the behavior of small particles when grouped into systems such as nuclei, atoms, gases, and crystals. This volume is comprised of 25 chapters and begins with an overview of the relation between science and engineering, followed by a discussion on the microscopic and macroscopic domains of matter. The next chapter presents the basic relations involving mechanics, electricity and magnetism, light, heat, and related subjects which are most significant in the study of modern physical science. Subsequent chapters explore the nucleus and structure of an atom; the concept of binding forces and binding energy; the configuration of the system of the electrons surrounding the atomic nucleus; physical and chemical properties of atoms; and the structure of gases and solids. The energy levels of groups of particles are also considered, along with the Schrödinger equation and electrical conduction through gases and solids. The remaining chapters are devoted to nuclear fission, nuclear reactors, and radiation. This book will appeal to physicists, engineers, and mathematicians as well as students and researchers in those fields.
Principles and Clinical Diagnostic Applications of Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy by Yuling Wang Pdf
Principles and Clinical Diagnostic Applications of Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy summarizes the principles of surface-enhanced Raman scattering/spectroscopy (SERS) and plasmonic nanomaterials for SERS, with a focus on SERS applications in clinical diagnostics. This book covers the key concepts from the fundamentals, materials, experimental aspects, and applications of SERS in clinical diagnostics with discussions on label-free/direct SERS assay, design and synthesis of SERS nanotags, SERS nanotags for point-of-care diagnostics, microfluidic SERS assay, and in vitro and in vivo sensing and imaging. Written by experts from around the world, this comprehensive volume showcases the recent progress of SERS applications in clinical diagnostics and helps readers understand when and how to use SERS in a clinical setting. Introduces the basics of SERS and suitable nanomaterials for SERS application Gives an overview of the cutting-edge research on SERS applications for clinical diagnosis, including the latest advances in our understanding of underlying principles to enable material design and clinical applications Gradually builds from the fundamental concepts to the applications of SERS for clinical diagnostics
Electric Power Generation, Transmission, and Distribution by Leonard L. Grigsby Pdf
Featuring contributions from worldwide leaders in the field, the carefully crafted Electric Power Generation, Transmission, and Distribution, Third Edition (part of the five-volume set, The Electric Power Engineering Handbook) provides convenient access to detailed information on a diverse array of power engineering topics. Updates to nearly every chapter keep this book at the forefront of developments in modern power systems, reflecting international standards, practices, and technologies. Topics covered include: Electric power generation: nonconventional methods Electric power generation: conventional methods Transmission system Distribution systems Electric power utilization Power quality L.L. Grigsby, a respected and accomplished authority in power engineering, and section editors Saifur Rahman, Rama Ramakumar, George Karady, Bill Kersting, Andrew Hanson, and Mark Halpin present substantially new and revised material, giving readers up-to-date information on core areas. These include advanced energy technologies, distributed utilities, load characterization and modeling, and power quality issues such as power system harmonics, voltage sags, and power quality monitoring. With six new and 16 fully revised chapters, the book supplies a high level of detail and, more importantly, a tutorial style of writing and use of photographs and graphics to help the reader understand the material. New chapters cover: Water Transmission Line Reliability Methods High Voltage Direct Current Transmission System Advanced Technology High-Temperature Conduction Distribution Short-Circuit Protection Linear Electric Motors A volume in the Electric Power Engineering Handbook, Third Edition. Other volumes in the set: K12648 Power Systems, Third Edition (ISBN: 9781439856338) K13917 Power System Stability and Control, Third Edition (ISBN: 9781439883204) K12650 Electric Power Substations Engineering, Third Edition (ISBN: 9781439856383) K12643 Electric Power Transformer Engineering, Third Edition (ISBN: 9781439856291)
Wetting of Real Surfaces by Edward Yu Bormashenko Pdf
The revealing of the phenomenon of superhydrophobicity (the "lotus-effect") has stimulated an interest in wetting of real (rough and chemically heterogeneous) surfaces. In spite of the fact that wetting has been exposed to intensive research for more than 200 years, there still is a broad field open for theoretical and experimental research, including recently revealed superhydrophobic, superoleophobic and superhydrophilic surfaces, so-called liquid marbles, wetting transitions, etc. This book integrates all these aspects within a general framework of wetting of real surfaces, where physical and chemical heterogeneity is essential. Wetting of rough/heterogeneous surfaces is discussed through the use of the variational approach developed recently by the author. It allows natural and elegant grounding of main equations describing wetting of solid surfaces, i.e. Young, Wenzel and Cassie-Baxter equations. The problems of superhydrophobicity, wetting transitions and contact angle hysteresis are discussed in much detail, in view of novel models and new experimental data.
This book provides a timely overview of a current state of knowledge of the use of polymer thin film for important technological applications. Polymer thin film book covers the scientific principles and technologies that are necessary to implement the use of polymer electronic device. A wide-ranging and definitive coverage of this emerging field is provided for both academic and practicing scientists. The book is intended to enable readers with a specific background, e.g. polymer nanotechnology, to become acquainted with other specialist aspects of this multidisciplinary field. Part A of the book covers the fundamental of the key aspect related to the development and improvement of polymer thin film technology and part B covers more advanced aspects of the technology are dealt with nano-polymer layer which provide an up-to-date survey of current research directions in the area of polymer thin film and its application skills.