Sustainable Plant Nutrition Under Contaminated Environments
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Sustainable Plant Nutrition under Contaminated Environments by Qaisar Mahmood Pdf
Global industrial growth has resulted in numerous pollutants being introduced into the environment. It has additionally caused decreased water availability for agricultural activity in developing countries, which, in turn, has compelled farmers to use wastewater irrigation. In advanced agricultural systems, farmers are adapting various strategies to achieve a higher yield and thus sustain crop productivity. Consequent to the introduction of contaminants in the environment, soil pollutants have become a critical issue. Selection of disease-resistant, high-yielding crop varieties, and extensive fertilizer applications are quite common among farming communities. This book provides insight into environmental pollutants with special reference to their interference with plant nutrition. It additionally discusses the physiological aspects of plant nutrition. This book enhances current knowledge of the effects of pollutants on plant growth and physiology.
Plant Nutrition for Sustainable Food Production and Environment by Tadao Ando,Kounosuke Fujita,Tadahiko Mae,Hideaki Matsumoto,Satoshi Mori,Jiro Sekiya Pdf
In the history of the International Plant Nutrition Colloquium from its first meeting in 1954, this meeting, the 13th Colloquium, is the first to be held in Asia and will be the last in the 20th century. The 20th century has seen huge changes in the number and activities of mankind. Our population has increased from around 1. 7 billion to more than 5. 8 billion and technological innovations have completely altered our way of living. As a consequence of such rapid change, we are facing many problems including changes in our environment of a global scale. But, while food shortage has been a serious concern to mankind throughout our history, serious food shortages in the 20th century have been confined to limited times and areas. As Lester Brown discusses in this volume, farmers have increased food production heroically on demand. We, the plant nutritionists should be proud of our support to the world's farmers which has helped them make their achievement possible. During the 20th century, the science of plant nutrition also has achieved great progress as described by Jack Loneragan; it became established as a discipline firmly based in science, defined the chemical elements supporting plant growth, and has contributed to improvements in plant production and environmental quality, as readers will find in many contributions in this volume.
Sustainable Plant Nutrition by Tariq Aftab,Khalid Rehman Hakeem Pdf
Sustainable Plant Nutrition: Molecular Interventions and Advancements for Crop Improvement explores the significant opportunities for sustainable, eco-friendly approaches in plant nutrition and agricultural crop production. The book highlights the various prospects involved in optimizing plant nutrient uptake agriculture and includes chapters representing diverse areas dealing with biotechnology, nanotechnology, molecular biology, proteomics, genomics and metabolomics. This book is an ideal resource for those seeking to ensure a sustainable plant production future. While plants have evolved a set of elaborate mechanisms to cope with nutrient limitations, the traditional supplementation by the application of fertilizers to plant productivity may then lead to overfertilization which can actually reduce plant growth and have adverse effects on the environment. To tackle these issues, a detailed understanding of the responses of plants to nutrients and nutrient deficiency at the physiological, metabolic, transcriptome and epigenetic level is essential. Illustrates the central role of sustainable plant nutrition to address current and future challenges Presents global insights and research ranging from signaling to sensing and translational research Provides a forward-looking perspective for future plans of action
Plant Nutrition by Walter Horst,M.K. Schenk,A. Bürkert,N. Claassen,H. Flessa,W.B. Frommer,Heiner E. Goldbach,H.-W. Olfs,V. Römheld,B. Sattelmacher,U. Schmidhalter,S. Schubert,N. von Wirén,L. Wittenmayer Pdf
This volume is a compilation of extended abstracts of all papers presented at the 14th International Plant Nutrition Colloquium. Over 500 oral and poster presentations illustrate current knowledge and research emphasis in this subject, providing a comprehensive view of the state of plant nutrition research.
The Role of Nanoparticles in Plant Nutrition under Soil Pollution by Vishnu D. Rajput,Krishan K. Verma,Neetu Sharma,Tatiana Minkina Pdf
Nanotechnology has shown great potential in all spheres of life. With the increasing pressure to meet the food demands of rapidly increasing population, thus, novel innovation and research are required in agriculture. The principles of nanotechnology can be implemented to meet the challenges faced by agricultural demands. Major challenges include the loss of nutrients in the soil and nutrient-deficient plants, which result in a lower crop yield and quality. Subsequently, consumption of such crops leads to malnourishment in humans, especially in underprivileged and rural populations. One convenient approach to tackle nutrient deficiency in plants is via the use of fertilizers; however, this method suffers from lower uptake efficiency in plants. Another approach to combat nutrient deficiency in humans is via the use of supplements and diet modifications; however, these approaches are less affordably viable in economically challenged communities and in rural areas. Therefore, the use of nano-fertilizers to combat this problem holds the greatest potential. Additionally, nanotechnology can be used to meet other challenges in agriculture including enhancing crop yield, protection from insect pests and animals, and by use of nano-pesticides and nano-biosensors to carry out the remediation of polluted soils. The future use of nanomaterials in soil ecosystems will be influenced by their capability to interact with soil constituents and the route of nanoparticles into the environment includes both natural and anthropogenic sources. The last decade has provided increasing research on the impact and use of nanoparticles in plants, animals, microbes, and soils, and yet these studies often lacked data involving the impact of nanoparticles on biotic and abiotic stress factors. This book provides significant recent research on the use of nano-fertilizers, which can have a major impact on components of an ecosystem. This work should provide a basis to further study these potential key areas in order to achieve sustainable and safe application of nanoparticles in agriculture.
Ozone Pollution and Plant Health: Understanding the Impacts and Solutions for Sustainable Agriculture by Anonim Pdf
Advances in Botanical Research Volume 108: Ozone Pollution and Plant Health: Understanding the Impacts and Solutions for Sustainable Agriculture provides a comprehensive overview of the harmful effects of tropospheric ozone (O3) pollution on crop productivity, with a focus on how it is measured and modeled under climate change scenarios. The book discusses the sources of O3 pollution, including anthropogenic precursor gases, and how O3 exposure can impair photosynthesis, reduce gas exchange, induce early leaf senescence, and hamper growth in natural vegetation and crops. The book highlights how O3 interacts with plant physiology and metabolism, including through the activation of signal transduction pathways, changes in phytohormone signaling, and modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and signaling. The book also explores the experimental and modeling methods used to assess the effects of O3 on crops, with a focus on studies conducted in Asia. The book emphasizes the importance of understanding the implications of ozone pollution for ensuring food security and protecting human and environmental health and suggests strategies such as using ozone-resistant cultivars of plants and crops. Additionally, the book discusses the broader context of air pollution and its impact on crop productivity, including the effects of other air pollutants on plants and crops and the need for mitigation strategies and policies to address agricultural losses. This book is essential reading for early-career researchers, sustainable agriculture practitioners, and policymakers interested in understanding the complex interactions between ozone pollution and plant productivity and finding solutions to mitigate the detrimental effects of ozone pollution on crops in a changing climate. Discusses the impact of O3 pollution on plant productivity and the methods for measuring and modeling this under climate change scenarios Reviews recent findings about the target sites for O3 in plants, O3-induced stomatal regulation by phytohormone signaling, and plants' responses related to phytohormone biosynthesis, ROS generation, and signaling in exposure to O3 Provides an overview of ozone air quality, ozone effects on plant and crop, and experimental and modeling methods used to assess the effects. It focuses on the results of the experimental and modeling studies of the ozone effects on agricultural crops in Asia Covers the effects of common air pollutants on crops and their pathways of exposure to plants. It also discusses the disturbance in the biochemistry of plants and their metabolisms due to air pollution, and some laws implemented for air pollution control in Pakistan
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria for Agricultural Sustainability by Ashok Kumar,Vijay Singh Meena Pdf
To meet the food security needs of the 21st century, this book focuses on ecofriendly and sustainable production technologies based on plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). It is estimated that the global population could increase to 9 billion by 2050. Further, the amount of land devoted to farming has decreased. Soil is a living entity, and is not only a valuable natural resource for agricultural and food security, but also for the preservation of all life processes. Agricultural productivity rests on the foundation of microbial diversity in the soil, and in recent years, PGPR have emerged as an important and promising tool for sustainable agriculture. The injudicious use of agrochemicals by farmers has created a range of negative impacts, not only threatening the environment, but also destroying useful microorganisms in the soil. The efficient use of PGPR reduces the need for these chemicals while simultaneously lowering production costs. In turn, increased yields could provide a more favourable environment and encourage sustainability. This book assesses the impacts of PGPR on crops, environmental and socio-economic sustainability, and demonstrates these ecofriendly technologies’ three critical advantages, namely (a) enhanced crop productivity, (b) reduced application of agrochemicals, and (c) increased incomes for farmers. Besides offering an economically attractive and ecologically sound means of augmenting the nutrient supply and combatting soil-borne pathogens, PGPR play an important part in boosting soil fertility, bioremediation and stress management for the development of ecofriendly and sustainable agriculture.
Nutrients Recycling in Hydroponics: Opportunities and Challenges toward Sustainable Crop Production under Controlled Environment Agriculture by Toshiki Asao,Genhua Niu,Md Asaduzzaman Pdf
Nano-Biofortification for Human and Environmental Health by Vishnu D. Rajput,Hassan El-Ramady,Sudhir K. Upadhyay,Tatiana Minkina,Bilal Ahmed,Saglara Mandzhieva Pdf
Nanotechnology has shown great potential to alleviate increasing pressure to meet food needs for our increasing human population, Novel agricultural innovations are required to enhance the health of edible crops and per unit area yield without impacting the associated environment in a negative way. Recent advancements in nanotechnology-based agricultural solutions have proven to help overcome the problems in agriculture that are associated with run-off of essential fertilizers from agricultural soils, low nutrient accumulation by crops, as well as to control insects, pests, and seasonal biotic factors, treatment of wastewater used for irrigation, plant uptake of xenobiotics (heavy metals, pesticides, industrial chemicals, drugs, and so on) that may be present in contaminated soils. Additionally, the consumption of such food crops may result in malnourishment and plant-mediated transfer of toxic substances among humans especially in underprivileged and rural populations. Agents to stimulate plant growth include various types of nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, metal, and metal-oxide nanoparticles. Applications of particular nutrients or elements in crop plants can be shown to aid human nourishment (either by directly inducing its uptake or indirectly through enhancing the intracellular levels of other associated elements that ultimately boost the synthesis of the desired nutrient in plants). It is also important to consider the competence and fate of nanomaterials in soil ecosystems. The entry route of nanomaterials into the environment includes both natural and anthropogenic sources. In order to achieve sustainable and safe use of nanotechnological products in agriculture, similar environmental conditions must be simulated on lab scale with the careful selection of organisms related to agriculture. Thus, emphasis should be placed on the judicial use of nano-enabled products without compromising the sustainability of the environment and human health. This comprehensive book highlights recent field research as well as contributions from academicians in the lab. This book addresses the major aspects related to nanotechnology, biofortification of crops, and human and environmental health.
The international Code of Conduct for the sustainable use and management of fertilizers by Food and Agriculture Organization Pdf
The International Code of Conduct for the Sustainable Use and Management of Fertilizers or Fertilizer Code was developed to increase food safety and the safe use of fertilizers. The Fertilizer Code aims to address issues of global importance, thereby contributing to the implementation of some of the Sustainable Development Goals (SGDs). It essentially provides a locally adaptable framework and a voluntary set of practices to serve the different stakeholders directly or indirectly involved with fertilizers. It is expected that these stakeholders will contribute to sustainable agriculture and food security from a nutrient management perspective, by adhering and help implementing the voluntary guidelines and recommendations provided. The Fertilizer Code is the result of a broad and intensive consultation process initiated in December 2017, unfolded until February 2019, as recommended by the Committee on Agriculture and finally endorsed by the 41st FAO Conference in June 2019.
Plant Nutrition and Food Security in the Era of Climate Change by Vinay Kumar,Ashish Kumar Srivastava,Penna Suprasanna Pdf
Plant nutrients are the vital elements essential for plant growth and survival, with key roles in adapting to challenging environments. Each nutrient, whether required in relatively large (macronutrients) or minute concentrations (micronutrients) plays a unique role in plant life cycle. Both the insufficient and surplus concentrations of these nutrients may render negative impacts on plant growth and development and therefore their homeostasis is considered critical for optimal plant growth and yield. Plant Nutrition and Food Security in the Era of Climate Change comprehensively reviews all critical plant nutrients. Chapters include topics such as: biological roles, uptake and transport of vital nutrients in plants; an in-depth review of the roles of potassium, calcium, magnesium and trace element; molecular breeding approaches for enhanced plant nutrients; and exploring the rhizosphere microbiome for enhance nutrient availability. Written by leading experts in the field of plant biology, this is an essential read for researchers and scientists interested in plant science, agronomy, food security and environmental science. A comprehensive review of all the important plant nutrients Discusses plant homeostasis under natural and changing environments Introduces novel approaches and state-of-the-art tool for enhancing the levels of targeted nutrients within plant tissues
Sustainable Solutions for Elemental Deficiency and Excess in Crop Plants by Kumkum Mishra,Pramod Kumar Tandon,Sudhakar Srivastava Pdf
This book covers all aspects of deficiency of essential elements and excess of toxic ones in crop plants. The metal deficiency and toxicity are the two sides of same problem that are threatening to sustainable agricultural growth. The book presents prospective strategies for the management of elemental nutrition of crop plants. Chapters are arranged in a manner so as to develop a lucid picture of the topic beginning from basics to advanced research. The content is supplemented with flow charts and figures to make it convenient for readers to holistically grasp the concepts. It will be a value addition for students, research scholars and professionals in understanding the basics as well latest developments in the area of metal deficiency and excess in crop plants.
Nanotechnology for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Environment by Avnesh Kumari,Rajni Garg,Rishav Garg Pdf
Nanotechnology has the potential to drastically transform the agri-food sector with its significant applications to improve agricultural productivity and the efficiency of agrochemicals. The food sector has benefitted from the inclusion of nanoparticles in food matrixes and the nanoencapsulation of nutraceuticals. Smart packaging materials designed with the help of nanotechnology have been used for increasing the shelf life of stored food products. Nanomaterials have been extensively used for the delivery of important agrochemicals to enhance their bioefficacy, prevent their degradation, and control their release. Various nanomaterials have been explored for remediation of arising environmental issues. Nanotechnology has also made a useful contribution to the utilization of huge agricultural and food wastes for production of valuable products. The existing and emerging applications of nanotechnology will contribute to environmental sustainability. Nanotechnology for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Environment has been structured to provide a widespread coverage and up-to-date progress of nanotechnology and its applications in the agri-food sector and environmental remediation. Synthesis of value-added nanomaterials from agri-food wastes and their potential applications in environmental remediation have been explored. In addition, toxicity issues with nanomaterials have also been discussed. Features: 1) Elaborated information on the use of nanotechnology for sustainable agriculture 2) In-depth study about valorization of agri-food waste 3) An overview of applications of nanotechnology in environmental remediation 4) Toxicity analysis of nanotechnology-based products We aim to satisfy the need for a reference book for scientists, researchers, academicians and students in nanotechnology, agricultural, food, nutraceuticals, environmental and material sectors.
Integrated Plant Nutrition Systems by Raoul Dudal,R. N. Roy Pdf
This publication is structured on the main themes of the consultation: the importance of plant nutrition for meeting agricultural product requirements; soil organic matter, biomass, soil microflora and management of integrated plant nutrition systems; renewable supply of plant nutrients from natural sources and plant nutrient transfer to crops; the place and role of local and external sources of plant nutrients in cropping systems and their evaluation; plant nutrient management in farming systems and in watersheds and territories; and priorities for FAO's Integrated Plant Nutrion Systems (IPNS) programme
