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Sustainable Utilization of Metals by Bernd Friedrich Pdf
The high demand for advanced metallic materials raises the need for an extensive recycling of metals and such a sustainable use of raw materials. "Sustainable Utilization of Metals - Processing, Recovery and Recycling" comprises the latest scientific achievements in efficient production of metals and such addresses sustainable resource use as part of the circular economy strategy. This policy drives the present contributions, aiming on the recirculation of EoL-streams such as Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), multi-metal alloys or composite materials back into metal production. This needs a holistic approach, resulting in the maximal avoidance of waste. Considering both aspects, circular economy and material design, recovery and use of minor metals play an essential role, since their importance for technological applications often goes along with a lack of supply on the world market. Additionally, their ignoble character and low concentration in recycling materials cause an insufficient recycling rate of these metals, awarding them the status of “critical metals”. In order to minimize losses and energy consumption, this issue explores concepts for the optimization concerning the interface between mechanical and thermal pre-treatment and metallurgical processes. Such new approaches in material design, structural engineering and substitution are provided in the chapters.
The sustainable use of natural resources is an important global challenge, and improved metal sustainability is a crucial goal for the 21st century in order to conserve the supply of critical metals and mitigate the environmental and health issues resulting from unrecovered metals. Metal Sustainability: Global Challenges, Consequences and Prospects discusses important topics and challenges associated with sustainability in metal life cycles, from mining ore to beneficiation processes, to product manufacture, to recovery from end-of-life materials, to environmental and health concerns resulting from generated waste. The broad perspective presented highlights the global interdependence of the many stages of metal life cycles. Economic issues are emphasized and relevant environmental, health, political, industrial and societal issues are discussed. The importance of applying green chemistry principles to metal sustainability is emphasized. Topics covered include: • Recycling and sustainable utilization of precious and specialty metals • Formal and informal recycling from electronic and other high-tech wastes • Global management of electronic wastes • Metal reuse and recycling in developing countries • Effects of toxic and other metal releases on the environment and human health • Effect on bacteria of toxic metal release • Selective recovery of platinum group metals and rare earth metals • Metal sustainability from a manufacturing perspective • Economic perspectives on sustainability, mineral development, and metal life cycles • Closing the Loop – Minerals Industry Issues The aim of this book is to improve awareness of the increasingly important role metals play in our high-tech society, the need to conserve our metal supply throughout the metal life cycle, the importance of improved metal recycling, and the effects that unhindered metal loss can have on the environment and on human health.
Sustainable Metals Management by Arnim von Gleich,Robert U. Ayres,Stefan Gößling-Reisemann Pdf
Metals have been vital to human civilization for many thousands of years. Their durability and recyclability should make them ideal materials for a sustainable economy. This book assembles experts from many fields to discuss the conditions and limits of sustainable metals management. The contributors examine the theoretical ideas and goals of sustainability, and apply them across the metal making and trading process.
Minerals, Metals and Sustainability by W. J. Rankin Pdf
Minerals, Metals and Sustainability examines the exploitation of minerals and mineral products and the implications for sustainability of the consumption of finite mineral resources and the wastes associated with their production and use. It provides a multi-disciplinary approach that integrates the physical and earth sciences with the social sciences, ecology and economics. Increasingly, graduates in the minerals industry and related sectors will not only require a deep technical and scientific understanding of their fields (such as geology, mining, metallurgy), but will also need a knowledge of how their industry relates to and can contribute to the transition to sustainability. Chapters 1 to 3 introduce the concept of materials, how they are used in society and the environmental basis of our existence. Chapter 4 introduces the concept of sustainability and the issues it raises for the use of non-renewable resources. Chapter 5 discusses the geological basis of the minerals industry and Chapter 6 describes the structure and nature of the industry. Chapters 7 and 8 review the technologies by which mineral resources are extracted from the Earth’s crust and processed. Chapters 9 and 10 examine the usage of energy and water. Chapters 11 and 12 survey the wastes resulting from the production of mineral and metal commodities, the human and environmental impacts of these, and how they are managed. Chapter 13 examines the recycling of mineral-derived materials and the role of secondary materials in meeting material needs. Chapter 14 surveys the potential future sources of minerals and the factors that determine long-term supply. Chapter 15 surveys the socio-economic and technological factors that determine the long-term demand for mineral-derived materials and future trends. Chapter 16 discusses how waste can be reduced, or eliminated, through technological developments and socio-political changes. Finally, Chapter 17 addresses the concept of stewardship and the role the minerals industry should play in the ongoing transition to sustainability. Minerals, Metals and Sustainability is an important reference for students of engineering and applied science and geology; practising engineers, geologists and scientists; students of economics, social sciences and related disciplines; professionals in government service in areas such as resources, environment and sustainability; and non-technical professionals working in the minerals industry or in sectors servicing the minerals industry.
Sustainable Utilization of Metals: Processing, Recovery and Recycling by Bernd Friedrich Pdf
The high demand for advanced metallic materials raises the need for an extensive recycling of metals and such a sustainable use of raw materials. ""Sustainable Utilization of Metals - Processing, Recovery and Recycling"" comprises the latest scientific achievements in efficient production of metals and such addresses sustainable resource use as part of the circular economy strategy. This policy drives the present contributions, aiming on the recirculation of EoL-streams such as Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), multi-metal alloys or composite materials back into metal production. This needs a holistic approach, resulting in the maximal avoidance of waste. Considering both aspects, circular economy and material design, recovery and use of minor metals play an essential role, since their importance for technological applications often goes along with a lack of supply on the world market. Additionally, their ignoble character and low concentration in recycling materials cause an insufficient recycling rate of these metals, awarding them the status of “critical metals”. In order to minimize losses and energy consumption, this issue explores concepts for the optimization concerning the interface between mechanical and thermal pre-treatment and metallurgical processes. Such new approaches in material design, structural engineering and substitution are provided in the chapters.
Sustainable Metals Management by Arnim von Gleich,Robert U. Ayres,Stefan Gößling-Reisemann Pdf
Metals have been vital to human civilization for many thousands of years. Their durability and recyclability should make them ideal materials for a sustainable economy. This book assembles experts from many fields to discuss the conditions and limits of sustainable metals management. The contributors examine the theoretical ideas and goals of sustainability, and apply them across the metal making and trading process.
Metals, Energy and Sustainability by Barry Golding,Suzanne D. Golding Pdf
This book explains how and where copper and fossil fuels were formed and the likely future for the extraction of copper and coal. The colourful chronology of our efforts to extract metals from minerals and energy from fossil fuels is presented from earliest times until the present day. The difficult concept of human sustainability is examined in the context of continually decreasing real prices of energy and metals. This book integrates the latest findings on our historic use of technology to continually produce cheaper metals even though ore grades have been decreasing. Furthermore, it shows that the rate of technological improvement must increase if metals are to be produced even more cheaply in the future.
The Metrics of Material and Metal Ecology by M.A. Reuter,U.M.J. Boin,A van Schaik,E. Verhoef,K. Heiskanen,Yongxiang Yang,G. Georgalli Pdf
This book is a must for individuals and companies that have an interest in developing sustainable technology and systems in the complex 'Web of Metals' on a first principles, technological and economic basis, with a focus to the minerals, metals and product manufacturing industries. In this inter-, intra- and trans-disciplinary book the material/metal cycle will be central, addressing technology as the basis for achieving sustainability within the system of primary mineral and metal producing, and the consumer product material cycles, linked to nature's cycles. The following major topics (not exclusive) are discussed in a detail, which will satisfy company CEO's and students of environment, engineering, economics, and law alike: (i) industrial ecology, (ii) system engineering concepts, (iii) development of future breakthrough technology as well optimization of present technology, (iv) process fundamentals (e.g. thermodynamics, separation physics, transport processes etc.), (v) product manufacture and design (for recycling), (vi) environmental legislation and (vii) technology as a basis for achieving sustainability within our present society. The book discusses contentious issues such as the limits of recycling determined by physics, chemistry, economics and process technology, therefore providing the reader with a fundamental basis to understand and critically discuss the validity of environmental legislation. Furthermore, the 'Web of Metals' (i.e. the dynamic interconnection of metal and material cycles and product systems) will reveal that, if the application of environmental evaluation techniques such as material flow analysis, life cycle assessment etc. are not carried out on a sufficient theoretical basis, technological and economic understanding, analyses could lead to erroneous and in the end environmentally harmful conclusions. The book is illustrated with many industrial examples embracing car and electronic consumer goods manufacturing and recycling, and the production and recycling of all major metals (e.g. steel, aluminium, copper, zinc, lead, magnesium, PGM's and PM's) and to an extent plastics. A complete section of the book is devoted to the recycling of light metals. Numerous colour figures and photos, plant and reactor data as well as software and computer models (running under Matlab's Simulink® and AMPL® as well as tools based on neural net technology (CSenseTM) are provided to give the reader the opportunity to investigate the various topics addressed in this book at various levels of depth and theoretical sophistication, providing a wealth of information, share-data and industrial know-how. Finally, the book philosophically discusses how to harmonize the resource, life and technological cycles depicted by the figure on the cover to make a contribution to the sustainable use of resources and products. * Material and Metal Ecology and the various modelling aspects to quantify this * System modelling of recycling systems with applications in the automotive and consumergoods sector* Metallurgical metal recycling with applications in aluminium, supplemented with various modelling examples from thermodynamics, exergy, neural nets to CFD
Sustainable Urban Mining of Precious Metals by Sadia Ilyas,Hyunjung Kim,Rajiv Ranjan Srivastava Pdf
The rapid revolution in modern industry has led to a significant increase in waste at the end of the product lifecycle. It is essential to close the loop, secure resources, and join up the circular economy. This book provides a detailed review of extraction techniques for urban mining of precious metals including gold, silver, and the platinum group. The merits and demerits of various extraction methods are highlighted, with possible suggestions for improvements. The feasibility of hybrid extraction techniques, as well as the sustainability and environmental impact of every process, is explored. Offers a comprehensive review of different techniques used in recycling technology for urban mining of precious metals Describes the concept of urban mining and its correlation with circular economy Discusses feasibility of precious metal extraction and urban mines scope and their potential Explains the subject in-context of sustainability while describing chemistry fundamentals and industrial practices Provides technical flow sheets for urban mining of precious metals with diversity of lixiviant This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in extractive metallurgy, hydrometallurgy, chemical engineering, chemistry, and environmental engineering.
Sustainable Utilization of Fungi in Agriculture and Industry by Shanthipriya Ajmera Pdf
Sustainable Utilization of Fungi in Agriculture and Industry covers current knowledge about different fungal microorganisms, including economically important filamentous fungi and yeasts. 22 chapters summarize information about scientific investigations and the application of fungi in the production of industrial enzymes, organic acids (citric acid, lactic acid, etc.), biofuel (ethanol and hydrogen) and bioactive compounds for sustainable processes in agriculture, bioremediation, and the industrial production of pharmaceuticals. Each chapter gives an updated and detailed account on fungal microbes and their sustainable utilization in agriculture, white biotechnology, and other valuable industrial applications. Contributions are written by experts in mycology and industrial biotechnology, presenting a broad perspective of the field in a simple, yet engaging style. Sustainable Utilization of Fungi in Agriculture and Industry is an informative reference for general readers, trainees, interested in sustainability measures in agriculture and industry. The book also serves as a resource for scholars, students and teachers involved in botany, microbiology, biotechnology and life sciences courses.
Sustainable Utilization of Carbon Dioxide in Waste Management by Abdel-Mohsen O. Mohamed,Maisa M. El-Gamal,Suhaib Hameedi Pdf
Sustainable Utilization of Carbon Dioxide in Waste Management addresses all aspects of sustainable use of carbon dioxide in waste management processes and provides best practices and process improvements for carbon sequestration in the management of a variety of waste types, including carbide lime waste, construction waste, and reject brine effluents, amongst others. The book also provides underlying research on the environmental impacts of these wastes and the need for carbon capture to emphasize the importance and need for improvements of these processes. Overall, this information will be key to determining lifecycle benefits of CO2 for each newly improved waste process. This is an important source of information for environmental and sustainability scientists and engineers, as well as academics and researchers in the field who should be trying to achieve increased carbon capture in any form of waste process to reduce environmental impact. Introduces the basic principles of carbon sequestration by alkaline solid waste (cement kiln dust, steel slag, fly ash, and carbide lime wastes), detailing the lack of current sustainability Provides a comprehensive resource on carbon sequestration in a variety of waste processes and practical guidance on applying them to these processes Details the need for carbon capture in these processes and the environmental impacts of not doing so Outlines the methods for determining lifecycle benefits of CO2 for each newly developed product
Sustainable Metal Extraction from Waste Streams by Garima Chauhan,Perminder Jit Kaur,K.K. Pant,K.D.P. Nigam Pdf
Provides a comprehensive overview on developing sustainable practices for waste minimization via green metal extraction from waste streams This book introduces readers to sustainable management and defines the challenges as well as the opportunities in waste stream management. It starts by covering conventional technologies for metal extraction then focuses on emerging tools and techniques such as green adsorption, bioleaching, and chelation. It also discusses the scale-up and process intensification of metal extraction from waste streams from process design to pilot plan. Sustainable Metal Extraction from Waste Streams begins by covering sustainability-related constructs and illustrates the pre-requisites for sustainable management of waste streams. It then introduces the basics of solid waste handling, ranging from an analysis of the relevance, categories of wastes, consequences of untreated waste disposal into the environment, government initiatives, management strategies, and unit operations for pre-treatment of wastes. The book also looks at widely accepted, conventional metal extraction technologies like hydro and pyro metallurgical methods; discusses the possibility of sustainable green processes for metal extraction; and introduces the recently deployed coiled flow inverter process. -Provides a comprehensive collection of the conventional, emerging, and future technologies for metal extraction from industrial waste and electrical & electronic equipment in a sustainable way -Demonstrates trans-disciplinary research as an executable direction to achieve the sustainable governance of natural resources and solid waste management -Presents a dedicated section on scale-up and process intensification of metallurgical processes -Summarizes various aspects of novel processes ranging from basic concepts, benchmark performance of technologies on lab scale, and recent research trends in metal extraction Covering a variety of interdisciplinary topics on resource optimization and waste minimization, Sustainable Metal Extraction from Waste Streams is an excellent resource for engineers, science students, entrepreneurs, and organizations who are working in the field of waste management and wish to gain information on upcoming sustainable processes.
Sustainable Utilization of Natural Resources by Prasenjit Mondal,Ajay K. Dalai Pdf
Increased research is going on to explore the new cleaner options for the utilization of natural resources. This book aims to provide the scientific knowhow and orientation in the area of the emerging technologies for utilization of natural resources for sustainable development to the readers. The book includes production of energy and lifesaving drugs using natural resources as well as reduction of wastage of resources like water and energy for sustainable development in both technological as well as modeling aspects.
The sustainable use of natural resources is an important global challenge, and improved metal sustainability is a crucial goal for the 21st century in order to conserve the supply of critical metals and mitigate the environmental and health issues resulting from unrecovered metals. Metal Sustainability: Global Challenges, Consequences and Prospects discusses important topics and challenges associated with sustainability in metal life cycles, from mining ore to beneficiation processes, to product manufacture, to recovery from end-of-life materials, to environmental and health concerns resulting from generated waste. The broad perspective presented highlights the global interdependence of the many stages of metal life cycles. Economic issues are emphasized and relevant environmental, health, political, industrial and societal issues are discussed. The importance of applying green chemistry principles to metal sustainability is emphasized. Topics covered include: • Recycling and sustainable utilization of precious and specialty metals • Formal and informal recycling from electronic and other high-tech wastes • Global management of electronic wastes • Metal reuse and recycling in developing countries • Effects of toxic and other metal releases on the environment and human health • Effect on bacteria of toxic metal release • Selective recovery of platinum group metals and rare earth metals • Metal sustainability from a manufacturing perspective • Economic perspectives on sustainability, mineral development, and metal life cycles • Closing the Loop – Minerals Industry Issues The aim of this book is to improve awareness of the increasingly important role metals play in our high-tech society, the need to conserve our metal supply throughout the metal life cycle, the importance of improved metal recycling, and the effects that unhindered metal loss can have on the environment and on human health.
The Minerals and Metals Policy of the Government of Canada by Canada Pdf
This document sets out, within areas of federal jurisdiction, the Government's role, objectives and strategies for the sustainable development of Canada's mineral and metal resources. The Policy builds on relevant federal policy initiatives. It also builds on a document called Sustainable Development and Minerals and Metals: An Issue Paper, which was released by the Minister of Natural Resources in September 1995. This document presents the conceptual foundation for the application of sustainable development to minerals and metals.
