Symmetry And Collective Fluctuations In Evolutionary Games

Author : Eric Smith,Supriya Krishnamurthy
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Electronic books
ISBN : 0750311398

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Symmetry and Collective Fluctuations in Evolutionary Games by Eric Smith,Supriya Krishnamurthy Pdf

Evolutionary game theory has the potential to provide an integrated framework to model many aspects of evolution, development, and ecology. The reliable use of game models, however, requires an understanding of their behaviour when the number of players becomes very large, resulting in the emergence of thermodynamic limits. This behaviour is controlled by the symmetries that characterize the game, and the approach to the thermodynamic limit is governed by collective fluctuations in the actions of the players. In this book, the authors present methods to derive large-deviations limits for population processes, and apply these to game models illustrating the many roles of symmetry and collective fluctuations in evolutionary dynamics.

Author : Eric Smith
Publisher : Myprint
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2015-02-02
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0750318384

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Symmetry and Collective Fluctuations in Evolutionary Games by Eric Smith Pdf

Author : Martin Shubik,Eric Smith
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 591 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2022-11-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780262546775

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The Guidance of an Enterprise Economy by Martin Shubik,Eric Smith Pdf

A rigorous theory of money, credit, and bankruptcy in the context of a mixed economy, uniting Walrasian general equilibrium with macroeconomic dynamics and Schumpeterian innovation. This book offers a rigorous study of control, guidance, and coordination problems of an enterprise economy, with attention to the roles of money and financial institutions. The approach is distinctive in drawing on game theory, methods of physics and experimental gaming, and, more generally, a broader evolutionary perspective from the biological and behavioral sciences. The proposed theory unites Walrasian general equilibrium with macroeconomic dynamics and Schumpeterian innovation utilizing strategic market games. Problems concerning the meaning of rational economic behavior and the concept of solution are noted. The authors argue that process models of the economy can be built that are consistent with the general equilibrium system but become progressively more complex as new functions are added. Explicit embedding of the economy within the framework of government and society provides a natural, both formal and informal, control system. The authors describe how to build and analyze multistate models with simple assumptions about behavior, and develop a general modeling methodology for the construction of models as playable games.

Author : Eric Smith,Harold J. Morowitz
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 703 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2016-03-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781107121881

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The Origin and Nature of Life on Earth by Eric Smith,Harold J. Morowitz Pdf

Uniting the foundations of physics and biology, this groundbreaking multidisciplinary and integrative book explores life as a planetary process.

Author : Ross Cressman
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0262033054

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Evolutionary Dynamics and Extensive Form Games by Ross Cressman Pdf

Evolutionary game theory attempts to predict individual behavior (whether of humans or other species) when interactions between individuals are modeled as a noncooperative game. Most dynamic analyses of evolutionary games are based on their normal forms, despite the fact that many interesting games are specified more naturally through their extensive forms. Because every extensive form game has a normal form representation, some theorists hold that the best way to analyze an extensive form game is simply to ignore the extensive form structure and study the game in its normal form representation. This book rejects that suggestion, arguing that a game's normal form representation often omits essential information from the perspective of dynamic evolutionary game theory.

Author : Josef Hofbauer,Karl Sigmund
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1998-05-28
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 052162570X

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Evolutionary Games and Population Dynamics by Josef Hofbauer,Karl Sigmund Pdf

Every form of behaviour is shaped by trial and error. Such stepwise adaptation can occur through individual learning or through natural selection, the basis of evolution. Since the work of Maynard Smith and others, it has been realised how game theory can model this process. Evolutionary game theory replaces the static solutions of classical game theory by a dynamical approach centred not on the concept of rational players but on the population dynamics of behavioural programmes. In this book the authors investigate the nonlinear dynamics of the self-regulation of social and economic behaviour, and of the closely related interactions between species in ecological communities. Replicator equations describe how successful strategies spread and thereby create new conditions which can alter the basis of their success, i.e. to enable us to understand the strategic and genetic foundations of the endless chronicle of invasions and extinctions which punctuate evolution. In short, evolutionary game theory describes when to escalate a conflict, how to elicit cooperation, why to expect a balance of the sexes, and how to understand natural selection in mathematical terms.

Author : Akira Namatame
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 373 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9789812773227

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Adaptation and Evolution in Collective Systems by Akira Namatame Pdf

Self-contained and unified in presentation, this invaluable book provides a broad introduction to the fascinating subject of many-body collective systems with adapting and evolving agents. The coverage includes game theoretic systems, multi-agent systems, and large-scale socio-economic systems of individual optimizing agents. The diversity and scope of such systems have been steadily growing in computer science, economics, social sciences, physics, and biology.

Author : Daniel Friedman,Barry Sinervo
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2016-02-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780199981175

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Evolutionary Games in Natural, Social, and Virtual Worlds by Daniel Friedman,Barry Sinervo Pdf

Over the last 25 years, evolutionary game theory has grown with theoretical contributions from the disciplines of mathematics, economics, computer science and biology. It is now ripe for applications. In this book, Daniel Friedman---an economist trained in mathematics---and Barry Sinervo---a biologist trained in mathematics---offer the first unified account of evolutionary game theory aimed at applied researchers. They show how to use a single set of tools to build useful models for three different worlds: the natural world studied by biologists; the social world studied by anthropologists, economists, political scientists and others; and the virtual world built by computer scientists and engineers. The first six chapters offer an accessible introduction to core concepts of evolutionary game theory. These include fitness, replicator dynamics, sexual dynamics, memes and genes, single and multiple population games, Nash equilibrium and evolutionarily stable states, noisy best response and other adaptive processes, the Price equation, and cellular automata. The material connects evolutionary game theory with classic population genetic models, and also with classical game theory. Notably, these chapters also show how to estimate payoff and choice parameters from the data. The last eight chapters present exemplary game theory applications. These include a new coevolutionary predator-prey learning model extending rock-paper-scissors; models that use human subject laboratory data to estimate learning dynamics; new approaches to plastic strategies and life cycle strategies, including estimates for male elephant seals; a comparison of machine learning techniques for preserving diversity to those seen in the natural world; analyses of congestion in traffic networks (either internet or highways) and the "price of anarchy"; environmental and trade policy analysis based on evolutionary games; the evolution of cooperation; and speciation. As an aid for instruction, a web site provides downloadable computational tools written in the R programming language, Matlab, Mathematica and Excel.

Author : Saul Mendoza-Palacios,Onésimo Hernández-Lerma
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2024-06-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781009472296

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Evolutionary Games and the Replicator Dynamics by Saul Mendoza-Palacios,Onésimo Hernández-Lerma Pdf

This Element introduces the replicator dynamics for symmetric and asymmetric games where the strategy sets are metric spaces. Under this hypothesis the replicator dynamics evolves in a Banach space of finite signed measures. The authors provide a general framework to study the stability of the replicator dynamics for evolutionary games in this Banach space. This allows them to establish a relation between Nash equilibria and the stability of the replicator for normal a form games applicable to oligopoly models, theory of international trade, public good models, the tragedy of commons, and War of attrition game among others. They also provide conditions to approximate the replicator dynamics on a space of measures by means of a finite-dimensional dynamical system and a sequence of measure-valued Markov processes.

Author : Larry Samuelson
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0262692198

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Evolutionary Games and Equilibrium Selection by Larry Samuelson Pdf

The author examines the interplay between evolutionary game theory and the equilibrium selection problem in noncooperative games. Evolutionary game theory is one of the most active and rapidly growing areas of research in economics. Unlike traditional game theory models, which assume that all players are fully rational and have complete knowledge of details of the game, evolutionary models assume that people choose their strategies through a trial-and-error learning process in which they gradually discover that some strategies work better than others. In games that are repeated many times, low-payoff strategies tend to be weeded out, and an equilibrium may emerge. Larry Samuelson has been one of the main contributors to the evolutionary game theory literature. In Evolutionary Games and Equilibrium Selection, he examines the interplay between evolutionary game theory and the equilibrium selection problem in noncooperative games. After providing an overview of the basic issues of game theory and a presentation of the basic models, the book addresses evolutionary stability, the dynamics of sample paths, the ultimatum game, drift, noise, backward and forward induction, and strict Nash equilibria.

Author : William H. Sandholm
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 618 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2010-12-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780262195874

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Population Games and Evolutionary Dynamics by William H. Sandholm Pdf

Evolutionary game theory studies the behaviour of large populations of strategically interacting agents & is used by economists to predict in settings where traditional assumptions about the rationality of agents & knowledge may be inapplicable.

Author : American Mathematical Society. Short Course
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2011-10-27
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780821853269

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Evolutionary Game Dynamics by American Mathematical Society. Short Course Pdf

This volume is based on lectures delivered at the 2011 AMS Short Course on Evolutionary Game Dynamics, held January 4-5, 2011 in New Orleans, Louisiana. Evolutionary game theory studies basic types of social interactions in populations of players. It combines the strategic viewpoint of classical game theory (independent rational players trying to outguess each other) with population dynamics (successful strategies increase their frequencies). A substantial part of the appeal of evolutionary game theory comes from its highly diverse applications such as social dilemmas, the evolution of language, or mating behaviour in animals. Moreover, its methods are becoming increasingly popular in computer science, engineering, and control theory. They help to design and control multi-agent systems, often with a large number of agents (for instance, when routing drivers over highway networks or data packets over the Internet). While these fields have traditionally used a top down approach by directly controlling the behaviour of each agent in the system, attention has recently turned to an indirect approach allowing the agents to function independently while providing incentives that lead them to behave in the desired way. Instead of the traditional assumption of equilibrium behaviour, researchers opt increasingly for the evolutionary paradigm and consider the dynamics of behaviour in populations of agents employing simple, myopic decision rules.

Author : Jun Tanimoto
Publisher : Springer
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2015-10-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9784431549628

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Fundamentals of Evolutionary Game Theory and its Applications by Jun Tanimoto Pdf

​This book both summarizes the basic theory of evolutionary games and explains their developing applications, giving special attention to the 2-player, 2-strategy game. This game, usually termed a "2×2 game” in the jargon, has been deemed most important because it makes it possible to posit an archetype framework that can be extended to various applications for engineering, the social sciences, and even pure science fields spanning theoretical biology, physics, economics, politics, and information science. The 2×2 game is in fact one of the hottest issues in the field of statistical physics. The book first shows how the fundamental theory of the 2×2 game, based on so-called replicator dynamics, highlights its potential relation with nonlinear dynamical systems. This analytical approach implies that there is a gap between theoretical and reality-based prognoses observed in social systems of humans as well as in those of animal species. The book explains that this perceived gap is the result of an underlying reciprocity mechanism called social viscosity. As a second major point, the book puts a sharp focus on network reciprocity, one of the five fundamental mechanisms for adding social viscosity to a system and one that has been a great concern for study by statistical physicists in the past decade. The book explains how network reciprocity works for emerging cooperation, and readers can clearly understand the existence of substantial mechanics when the term "network reciprocity" is used. In the latter part of the book, readers will find several interesting examples in which evolutionary game theory is applied. One such example is traffic flow analysis. Traffic flow is one of the subjects that fluid dynamics can deal with, although flowing objects do not comprise a pure fluid but, rather, are a set of many particles. Applying the framework of evolutionary games to realistic traffic flows, the book reveals that social dilemma structures lie behind traffic flow.

Author : Fernando Vega-Redondo
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1996-09-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780191525087

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Evolution, Games, and Economic Behaviour by Fernando Vega-Redondo Pdf

This textbook for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of Evolutionary Game Theory covers recent developments in the field, with an emphasis on economic contexts and applications. It begins with the basic ideas as they originated within the field of theoretical biology and then proceeds to the formulation of a theoretical framework that is suitable for the study of social and economic phenomena from an evolutionary perspective. Core topics include the Evolutionary Stable Strategy (EES) and Replicator Dynamics (RD), deterministic dynamic models, and stochastic perturbations. A set of short appendices presents some of the technical material referred to in the main text. Evolutionary theory is widely viewed as one of the most promising appraoches to understanding bounded rationality, learning, and change in complex social environments. New avenues of research are suggested by Vega-Redondo, and plentiful exmples illustrate the theory's potential applications. The recent boom experienced by this dscipline makes the book's systematic presentation of its essential contributions vital reading for newcomer to the field.

Author : Martin A. Nowak
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 390 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2006-09-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780674417755

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Evolutionary Dynamics by Martin A. Nowak Pdf

At a time of unprecedented expansion in the life sciences, evolution is the one theory that transcends all of biology. Any observation of a living system must ultimately be interpreted in the context of its evolution. Evolutionary change is the consequence of mutation and natural selection, which are two concepts that can be described by mathematical equations. Evolutionary Dynamics is concerned with these equations of life. In this book, Martin A. Nowak draws on the languages of biology and mathematics to outline the mathematical principles according to which life evolves. His work introduces readers to the powerful yet simple laws that govern the evolution of living systems, no matter how complicated they might seem. Evolution has become a mathematical theory, Nowak suggests, and any idea of an evolutionary process or mechanism should be studied in the context of the mathematical equations of evolutionary dynamics. His book presents a range of analytical tools that can be used to this end: fitness landscapes, mutation matrices, genomic sequence space, random drift, quasispecies, replicators, the Prisoner’s Dilemma, games in finite and infinite populations, evolutionary graph theory, games on grids, evolutionary kaleidoscopes, fractals, and spatial chaos. Nowak then shows how evolutionary dynamics applies to critical real-world problems, including the progression of viral diseases such as AIDS, the virulence of infectious agents, the unpredictable mutations that lead to cancer, the evolution of altruism, and even the evolution of human language. His book makes a clear and compelling case for understanding every living system—and everything that arises as a consequence of living systems—in terms of evolutionary dynamics.