Systematics And The Origin Of Species

Author : National Academy of Sciences
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2005-09-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309165105

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Systematics and the Origin of Species by National Academy of Sciences Pdf

In December 2004, the National Academy of Sciences sponsored a colloquium on "Systematics and the Origin of Species" to celebrate Ernst Mayr's 100th anniversary and to explore current knowledge concerning the origin of species. In 1942, Ernst Mayr, one of the twentieth century's greatest scientists, published Systematics and the Origin of Species, a seminal book of the modern theory of evolution, where he advanced the significance of population variation in the understanding of evolutionary process and the origin of new species. Mayr formulated the transition from Linnaeus's static species concept to the dynamic species concept of the modern theory of evolution and emphasized the species as a community of populations, the role of reproductive isolation, and the ecological interactions between species. In addition to a preceding essay by Edward O. Wilson, this book includes the 16 papers presented by distinguished evolutionists at the colloquium. The papers are organized into sections covering the origins of species barriers, the processes of species divergence, the nature of species, the meaning of "species," and genomic approaches for understanding diversity and speciation.

Author : Ernst Mayr
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Science
ISBN : 0674862503

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Systematics and the Origin of Species, from the Viewpoint of a Zoologist by Ernst Mayr Pdf

This study, first published in 1942, helped to revolutionize evolutionary biology by offering a new approach to taxonomic principles, and correlating the ideas and findings of modern systematics with those of other life disciplines. This book is one of the foundational documents of the Evolutionary Synthesis. It is the book in which Ernst Mayr pioneered his concept of species based chiefly on such biological factors as interbreeding and reproductive isolation, taking into account ecology, geography and life history. In the introduction to this edition, Mayr reflects on the place of this work in the subsequent history of his field.

Author : John S. Wilkins
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2011-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780520271395

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Species by John S. Wilkins Pdf

In this comprehensive work, John S. Wilkins traces the history of the idea of "species" from antiquity to today, providing a new perspective on the relationship between philosophical and biological approaches.--[book cover].

Author : Elliott Sober
Publisher : Prometheus Books
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2011-03-31
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781616142780

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Did Darwin Write the Origin Backwards? by Elliott Sober Pdf

Is it accurate to label Darwin’s theory "the theory of evolution by natural selection," given that the concept of common ancestry is at least as central to Darwin’s theory? Did Darwin reject the idea that group selection causes characteristics to evolve that are good for the group though bad for the individual? How does Darwin’s discussion of God in The Origin of Species square with the common view that he is the champion of methodological naturalism? These are just some of the intriguing questions raised in this volume of interconnected philosophical essays on Darwin. The author's approach is informed by modern issues in evolutionary biology, but is sensitive to the ways in which Darwin’s outlook differed from that of many biologists today. The main topics that are the focus of the book—common ancestry, group selection, sex ratio, and naturalism—have rarely been discussed in their connection with Darwin in such penetrating detail. Author Professor Sober is the 2008 winner of the Prometheus Prize. This biennial award, established in 2006 through the American Philosophical Association, is designed "to honor a distinguished philosopher in recognition of his or her lifetime contribution to expanding the frontiers of research in philosophy and science." This insightful collection of essays will be of interest to philosophers, biologists, and laypersons seeking a deeper understanding of one of the most influential scientific theories ever propounded.

Author : Ernst Mayr
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 480 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1970
Category : Science
ISBN : 0674690133

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Populations, Species, and Evolution by Ernst Mayr Pdf

In his extraordinary book, Mayr fully explored, synthesized, and evaluated man's knowledge about the nature of animal species and the part they play in the process of evolution. Now, in this long-awaited abridged edition, Mayr's definitive work is made available to the interested nonspecialist, the college student, and the general reader.

Author : Theodosius Dobzhansky
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:927778765

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Genetics and the Origin of Species by Theodosius Dobzhansky Pdf

Author : Ernst Mayr
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Science
ISBN : 0674639065

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One Long Argument by Ernst Mayr Pdf

The great evolutionist Mayr elucidates the subtleties of Darwin’s thought and that of his contemporaries and intellectual heirs—A. R. Wallace, T. H. Huxley, August Weisman, Asa Gray. Mayr has achieved a remarkable distillation of Darwin’s scientific thought and his legacy to twentieth-century biology.

Author : Ernst Mayr,William B. Provine
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 524 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Biology
ISBN : 0674272269

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The Evolutionary Synthesis by Ernst Mayr,William B. Provine Pdf

Biology was forged into a single, coherent science only within living memory. In this volume the thinkers responsible for the "modern synthesis" of evolutionary biology and genetics come together to analyze that remarkable event. In a new Preface, Ernst Mayr calls attention to the fact that scientists in different biological disciplines varied considerably in their degree of acceptance of Darwin's theories. Mayr shows us that these differences were played out in four separate periods: 1859 to 1899, 1900 to 1915, 1916 to 1936, and 1937 to 1947. He thus enables us to understand fully why the synthesis was necessary and why Darwin's original theory--that evolutionary change is due to the combination of variation and selection--is as solid at the end of the twentieth century as it was in 1859.

Author : Ernst Mayr
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 1949
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:499117898

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Systematics and the Origin of Species by Ernst Mayr Pdf

Author : J. David Archibald
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2017-10-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780231545297

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Origins of Darwin's Evolution by J. David Archibald Pdf

Historical biogeography—the study of the history of species through both time and place—first convinced Charles Darwin of evolution. This field was so important to Darwin’s initial theories and line of thinking that he said as much in the very first paragraph of On the Origin of Species (1859) and later in his autobiography. His methods included collecting mammalian fossils in South America clearly related to living forms, tracing the geographical distributions of living species across South America, and sampling peculiar fauna of the geologically young Galápagos Archipelago that showed evident affinities to South American forms. Over the years, Darwin collected other evidence in support of evolution, but his historical biogeographical arguments remained paramount, so much so that he devotes three full chapters to this topic in On the Origin of Species. Discussions of Darwin’s landmark book too often give scant attention to this wealth of evidence, and we still do not fully appreciate its significance in Darwin’s thinking. In Origins of Darwin’s Evolution, J. David Archibald explores this lapse, showing how Darwin first came to the conclusion that, instead of various centers of creation, species had evolved in different regions throughout the world. He also shows that Darwin’s other early passion—geology—proved a more elusive corroboration of evolution. On the Origin of Species has only one chapter dedicated to the rock and fossil record, as it then appeared too incomplete for Darwin’s evidentiary standards. Carefully retracing Darwin’s gathering of evidence and the evolution of his thinking, Origins of Darwin’s Evolution achieves a new understanding of how Darwin crafted his transformative theory.

Author : Theodore W. Pietsch
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 373 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2013-07
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9781421411859

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Trees of Life by Theodore W. Pietsch Pdf

Evolution.

Author : Ernst Mayr
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 582 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Science
ISBN : 0674896661

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Toward a New Philosophy of Biology by Ernst Mayr Pdf

A collection of twenty-eight essays, five previously unpublished, grouped into nine categories: Philosophy, Natural Selection, Adaptation, Darwin, Diversity, Species, Speciation, Macroevolution, and Historical Perspective. The book, Ernst Mayr notes in the Foreword, is an attempt "to strengthen the bridge between biology and philosophy, and point to the new direction in which a new philosophy of biology will move."

Author : Ernst Mayr
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 742 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Science
ISBN : 067427105X

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Evolution and the Diversity of Life by Ernst Mayr Pdf

The diversity of living forms and the unity of evolutionary processes are the focus of these essays. The collection helps form much of the basis of contempoary undertanding of evolutionary biology.

Author : Ernst Mayr
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 1998-09-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780674256170

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This Is Biology by Ernst Mayr Pdf

Biology until recently has been the neglected stepchild of science, and many educated people have little grasp of how biology explains the natural world. Yet to address the major political and moral questions that face us today, we must acquire an understanding of their biological roots. This magisterial new book by Ernst Mayr will go far to remedy this situation. An eyewitness to this century's relentless biological advance and the creator of some of its most important concepts, Mayr is uniquely qualified to offer a vision of science that places biology firmly at the center, and a vision of biology that restores the primacy of holistic, evolutionary thinking. As he argues persuasively, the physical sciences cannot address many aspects of nature that are unique to life. Living organisms must be understood at every level of organization; they cannot be reduced to the laws of physics and chemistry. Mayr's approach is refreshingly at odds with the reductionist thinking that dominated scientific research earlier in this century, and will help to redirect how people think about the natural world. This Is Biology can also be read as a "life history" of the discipline--from its roots in the work of Aristotle, through its dormancy during the Scientific Revolution and its flowering in the hands of Darwin, to its spectacular growth with the advent of molecular techniques. Mayr maps out the territorial overlap between biology and the humanities, especially history and ethics, and carefully describes important distinctions between science and other systems of thought, including theology. Both as an overview of the sciences of life and as the culmination of a remarkable life in science, This Is Biology will richly reward professionals and general readers alike.

Author : for the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1995-02-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309552677

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Tempo and Mode in Evolution by for the National Academy of Sciences Pdf

Since George Gaylord Simpson published Tempo and Mode in Evolution in 1944, discoveries in paleontology and genetics have abounded. This volume brings together the findings and insights of today's leading experts in the study of evolution, including Ayala, W. Ford Doolittle, and Stephen Jay Gould. The volume examines early cellular evolution, explores changes in the tempo of evolution between the Precambrian and Phanerozoic periods, and reconstructs the Cambrian evolutionary burst. Long-neglected despite Darwin's interest in it, species extinction is discussed in detail. Although the absence of data kept Simpson from exploring human evolution in his book, the current volume covers morphological and genetic changes in human populations, contradicting the popular claim that all modern humans descend from a single woman. This book discusses the role of molecular clocks, the results of evolution in 12 populations of Escherichia coli propagated for 10,000 generations, a physical map of Drosophila chromosomes, and evidence for "hitchhiking" by mutations.