Tacit Knowledge

Author : Harry Collins
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2010-06-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780226113821

Get Book

Tacit and Explicit Knowledge by Harry Collins Pdf

Much of what humans know we cannot say. And much of what we do we cannot describe. For example, how do we know how to ride a bike when we can’t explain how we do it? Abilities like this were called “tacit knowledge” by physical chemist and philosopher Michael Polanyi, but here Harry Collins analyzes the term, and the behavior, in much greater detail, often departing from Polanyi’s treatment. In Tacit and Explicit Knowledge, Collins develops a common conceptual language to bridge the concept’s disparate domains by explaining explicit knowledge and classifying tacit knowledge. Collins then teases apart the three very different meanings, which, until now, all fell under the umbrella of Polanyi’s term: relational tacit knowledge (things we could describe in principle if someone put effort into describing them), somatic tacit knowledge (things our bodies can do but we cannot describe how, like balancing on a bike), and collective tacit knowledge (knowledge we draw that is the property of society, such as the rules for language). Thus, bicycle riding consists of some somatic tacit knowledge and some collective tacit knowledge, such as the knowledge that allows us to navigate in traffic. The intermixing of the three kinds of tacit knowledge has led to confusion in the past; Collins’s book will at last unravel the complexities of the idea. Tacit knowledge drives everything from language, science, education, and management to sport, bicycle riding, art, and our interaction with technology. In Collins’s able hands, it also functions at last as a framework for understanding human behavior in a range of disciplines.

Author : Neil Gascoigne,Tim Thornton
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2014-09-03
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317547266

Get Book

Tacit Knowledge by Neil Gascoigne,Tim Thornton Pdf

Tacit knowledge is the form of implicit knowledge that we rely on for learning. It is invoked in a wide range of intellectual inquiries, from traditional academic subjects to more pragmatically orientated investigations into the nature and transmission of skills and expertise. Notwithstanding its apparent pervasiveness, the notion of tacit knowledge is a complex and puzzling one. What is its status as knowledge? What is its relation to explicit knowledge? What does it mean to say that knowledge is tacit? Can it be measured? Recent years have seen a growing interest from philosophers in understanding the nature of tacit knowledge. Philosophers of science have discussed its role in scientific problem-solving; philosophers of language have been concerned with the speaker's relation to grammatical theories; and phenomenologists have attempted to describe the relation of explicit theoretical knowledge to a background understanding of matters that are taken for granted. This book seeks to bring a unity to these diverse philosophical discussions by clarifying their conceptual underpinnings. In addition the book advances a specific account of tacit knowledge that elucidates the importance of the concept for understanding the character of human cognition, and demonstrates the relevance of the recommended account to those concerned with the communication of expertise. The book will be of interest to philosophers of language, epistemologists, cognitive psychologists and students of theoretical linguistics.

Author : Busch, Peter
Publisher : IGI Global
Page : 482 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2008-01-31
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781599045030

Get Book

Tacit Knowledge in Organizational Learning by Busch, Peter Pdf

Understanding the complexity of tactic knowledge has become increasingly important to the enhancement of organizational flow. Tacit Knowledge in Organizational Learning aims to advocate the need for ?human factor? consideration from a (tactic) knowledge capital point of view. Tacit Knowledge in Organizational Learning offers academians and practitioners an illustration of the importance of tacit knowledge to an organization, presenting a means to measure and track tacit knowledge in individuals and recommendations on firm attributes and their ideal utilization of the tacit knowledge resource.

Author : Michael Polanyi,Amartya Sen
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 129 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2009-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780226672984

Get Book

The Tacit Dimension by Michael Polanyi,Amartya Sen Pdf

"The Tacit Dimension" argues that tacit knowledge -tradition, inherited practices, implied values, and prejudgments- is a crucial part of scientific knowledge. This volume challenges the assumption that skepticism, rather than established belief, lies at the heart of scientific discovery.

Author : Robert J. Sternberg,Joseph A. Horvath
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 427 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1999-02-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781135688257

Get Book

Tacit Knowledge in Professional Practice by Robert J. Sternberg,Joseph A. Horvath Pdf

Those responsible for professional development in public and private-sector organizations have long had to deal with an uncomfortable reality. Billions of dollars are spent on formal education and training directed toward the development of job incumbents, yet the recipients of this training spend all but a fraction of their working life outside the training room--in meetings, on the shop floor, on the road, or in their offices. Faced with the need to promote "continuous learning" in a cost-effective manner, trainers, consultants, and educators have sought to develop ways to enrich the instructional and developmental potential of job assignments--to understand and facilitate the "lessons of experience." Not surprisingly, social and behavioral scientists have weighed in on the subject of on-the-job learning, and one message of their research is quite clear. This message is that much of the knowledge people use to succeed on the job is acquired implicitly--without intention to learn or awareness of having learned. The common language of the workplace reflects an awareness of this fact as people speak of learning "by doing" or "by osmosis" and of professional "instinct" or "intuition." Psychologists, more careful if not clearer in their choice of words, refer to learning without intention or awareness as "implicit learning" and refer to the knowledge that results from this learning as "tacit knowledge." Tacit Knowledge in Professional Practice explores implicit learning and tacit knowledge as they manifest themselves in the practice of six knowledge-intensive professions, and considers the implications of a tacit-knowledge approach for increasing the instructional and developmental impact of work experiences. This volume brings together distinguished practitioners and researchers in each of the six disciplines to discuss their own research and/or professional experience and to engage each other's views. It addresses professional practice in its totality -- from the technical to the interpersonal to the crassly commercial -- not simply a few aspects of practice that lend themselves to controlled study. Finally, this edited volume seeks to go beyond the enumeration of critical experiences to an understanding of the psychological mechanisms that underlie learning from experience in professional disciplines and, in so doing, to lay a foundation for innovations in professional education and training.

Author : Philippe Baumard
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 1999-07-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 076195337X

Get Book

Tacit Knowledge in Organizations by Philippe Baumard Pdf

`Philippe Baumard has observed that strategic success seems to lie more in top managers' ability to use tacit knowledge than in their gaining or updating explicit knowledge' - William H Starbuck, New York University `This important new book effectively illustrates how, in conditions of ambiguity, managers `over-manage', i.e. rely too much on explicit plans and interpretations. Here, Philippe Baumard develops an alternative analysis and with it a new approach to management' - Frank Blackler, Lancaster University This landmark book delves below the surface of organizations in order to understand the complex processes of top managers' decision making. Philippe

Author : Arthur S. Reber
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 1996-09-05
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780195344479

Get Book

Implicit Learning and Tacit Knowledge by Arthur S. Reber Pdf

Author : Frank Adloff,Katharina Gerund,David Kaldewey
Publisher : transcript Verlag
Page : 309 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2015-03-31
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783839425169

Get Book

Revealing Tacit Knowledge by Frank Adloff,Katharina Gerund,David Kaldewey Pdf

How does tacit knowledge inscribe itself into cultural and social practices? As the established distinction between tacit and explicit or discursive forms of knowledge does not explain this question, the contributions in this volume reconstruct, describe, and analyze the manifold processes by which the tacit reveals itself: They focus, for example, on metaphors, feelings, and visualizations as explications of the tacit as well as on processes of embodiment. Taken together, they demonstrate that the tacit does not constitute a single or unified knowledge complex, but has to be understood in its differentiated and fragmented forms. In addition to scholarly essays, the volume features interviews with Mark Johnson, Theodore Schatzki, and Loïc Wacquant.

Author : Neil Gascoigne,Tim Thornton
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2014-09-03
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317547259

Get Book

Tacit Knowledge by Neil Gascoigne,Tim Thornton Pdf

Tacit knowledge is the form of implicit knowledge that we rely on for learning. It is invoked in a wide range of intellectual inquiries, from traditional academic subjects to more pragmatically orientated investigations into the nature and transmission of skills and expertise. Notwithstanding its apparent pervasiveness, the notion of tacit knowledge is a complex and puzzling one. What is its status as knowledge? What is its relation to explicit knowledge? What does it mean to say that knowledge is tacit? Can it be measured? Recent years have seen a growing interest from philosophers in understanding the nature of tacit knowledge. Philosophers of science have discussed its role in scientific problem-solving; philosophers of language have been concerned with the speaker's relation to grammatical theories; and phenomenologists have attempted to describe the relation of explicit theoretical knowledge to a background understanding of matters that are taken for granted. This book seeks to bring a unity to these diverse philosophical discussions by clarifying their conceptual underpinnings. In addition the book advances a specific account of tacit knowledge that elucidates the importance of the concept for understanding the character of human cognition, and demonstrates the relevance of the recommended account to those concerned with the communication of expertise. The book will be of interest to philosophers of language, epistemologists, cognitive psychologists and students of theoretical linguistics.

Author : William G. Dzekashu, PhD
Publisher : Xlibris Corporation
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2015-06-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781503578111

Get Book

Tacit Knowledge Capture by William G. Dzekashu, PhD Pdf

About This Book: Knowledge loss forced organizations to develop knowledge capture programs. Yet captured knowledge proved deficient in quality, due in part to lack of integration of quality management throughout the capture process. This book presents the outcome of a case study that explored the impact of integrating quality management into the tacit knowledge–capture process. The study framed around Polanyi’s theory of tacit knowing proves the perfect management companion. From a social perspective, implementation of a model that encompasses personality and quality could improve the decision-making process. Book Review: “This book presents the outcome of a case study investigation of quality problems associated with learning tacit knowledge. Using qualitative methods, Dr. Dzekashu finds through the study that focusing on human development needs and quality control in knowledge transmittal mitigates quality degradation issues associated with transmitting tacit knowledge. These findings provide important implications for managers seeking to maintain critical and quality mass of organizational knowledge in the face of a rapidly aging workforce.” —Hermann A. Ndofor, PhD, assistant professor, Mays Business School, Texas A&M University

Author : Stephen P. Turner
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2014-01-21
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781134643950

Get Book

Understanding the Tacit by Stephen P. Turner Pdf

This book outlines a new account of the tacit, meaning tacit knowledge, presuppositions, practices, traditions, and so forth. It includes essays on topics such as underdetermination and mutual understanding, and critical discussions of the major alternative approaches to the tacit, including Bourdieu’s habitus and various practice theories, Oakeshott’s account of tradition, Quentin Skinner’s theory of historical meaning, Harry Collins’s idea of collective tacit knowledge, as well as discussions of relevant cognitive science concepts, such as non-conceptual content, connectionism, and mirror neurons. The new account of tacit knowledge focuses on the fact that in making the tacit explicit, a person is not, as many past accounts have supposed, reading off the content of some sort of shared and fixed tacit scheme of presuppositions, but rather responding to the needs of the Other for understanding.

Author : Robert J. Sternberg,Joseph A. Horvath
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1999-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781135688264

Get Book

Tacit Knowledge in Professional Practice by Robert J. Sternberg,Joseph A. Horvath Pdf

This book, which pairs theoretical and applied perspectives on a variety of professions, reveals just how much successful professionals rely on largely unarticulated knowledge. For business, education, and psychology professionals and students.

Author : Jaziri-Bouagina, Dhouha,Jamil, George Leal
Publisher : IGI Global
Page : 542 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2017-04-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781522523956

Get Book

Handbook of Research on Tacit Knowledge Management for Organizational Success by Jaziri-Bouagina, Dhouha,Jamil, George Leal Pdf

Continuous improvements in businesses practices have created enhanced opportunities for growth and development. This not only leads to higher success in day-to-day profitability, but it increases the overall probability of success for organizations. The Handbook of Research on Tacit Knowledge Management for Organizational Success is a pivotal reference source for the latest advancements and methodologies on knowledge administration in the business field. Featuring extensive coverage on relevant areas such as informal learning, quality management, and knowledge acquisition, this publication is an ideal resource for practitioners, marketers, human resource managers, professors, researchers, and students seeking academic material on knowledge management techniques.

Author : Honorata Jakubowska
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 129 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2017-07-14
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351971881

Get Book

Skill Transmission, Sport and Tacit Knowledge by Honorata Jakubowska Pdf

Teaching the skills necessary to play sport depends partly on transmitting knowledge verbally, yet non-verbal or tacit knowledge also has an important role. A coach may tell a young athlete to 'move more dynamically', but it is undoubtedly easier to demonstrate with the body itself how this should be done. Skills such as developing a 'feel for the water' cannot simply be transmitted verbally; they are embodied in the tacit knowledge acquired from practice, repetition and experience. This is the first sociological study of the transmission of skills through tacit knowledge in sport. Drawing on philosophy, sociology and theories of embodiment, it presents original research gathered from qualitative empirical studies of young athletes. It discusses the concept of tacit knowledge in relation to motor skills transmission in a variety of sports, including athletics, swimming and judo, and examines the methodological possibilities of studying tacit knowledge, as well as its challenges and limitations. This is fascinating reading for all those with an interest in the sociology of sport, theories of embodiment, or skill acquisition and transmission.

Author : Lara Schrijver
Publisher : Leuven University Press
Page : 129 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2021-05-03
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9789462702714

Get Book

The Tacit Dimension by Lara Schrijver Pdf

In architecture, tacit knowledge plays a substantial role in both the design process and its reception. The essays in this book explore the tacit dimension of architecture in its aesthetic, material, cultural, design-based, and reflexive understanding of what we build. Tacit knowledge, described in 1966 by Michael Polanyi as what we ‘can know but cannot tell’, often denotes knowledge that escapes quantifiable dimensions of research. Much of architecture’s knowledge resides beneath the surface, in nonverbal instruments such as drawings and models that articulate the spatial imagination of the design process. Awareness of the tacit dimension helps to understand the many facets of the spaces we inhabit, from the ideas of the architect to the more hidden assumptions of our cultures. Beginning in the studio, where students are guided into becoming architects, the book follows a path through the tacit knowledge present in materials, conceptual structures, and the design process, revealing how the tacit dimension leads to craftsmanship and the situated knowledge of architecture-in-the-world. Contributors: Tom Avermaete (ETH Zürich), Margitta Buchert (Leibniz-Universität Hannover), Christoph Grafe (Bergische Universität Wuppertal), Mari Lending (The Oslo School of Architecture and Design), Angelika Schnell (Academy of Fine Arts Vienna), Eireen Schreurs (Delft University of Technology), Lara Schrijver (University of Antwerp)