Tackling Legal Impediments To Women S Economic Empowerment

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Tackling Legal Impediments to Women’s Economic Empowerment

Author : Katharine Christopherson,Audrey Yiadom,Juliet Johnson,Francisca Fernando,Hanan Yazid,Clara Thiemann
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 74 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2022-02-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9798400203640

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Tackling Legal Impediments to Women’s Economic Empowerment by Katharine Christopherson,Audrey Yiadom,Juliet Johnson,Francisca Fernando,Hanan Yazid,Clara Thiemann Pdf

It is well established that a wide range of legal impediments in countries’ domestic laws have prevented women from achieving full economic empowerment, which in turn has negative macroeconomic implications. In many countries, laws often reflect and perpetuate gender norms that limit women’s economic participation, and removal of these impediments through legal reform has been shown to be an effective method to catalyze greater participation of women in the economy—along with the related macroeconomic benefits. Once legal barriers are removed and provisions for more equal treatment under the law are embedded, the law can also be employed as a powerful tool to incentivize women to pursue equal opportunities, change mindsets regarding the role of women, and hold institutions and individuals accountable for achieving results. Accordingly, it is imperative for countries to focus on eliminating existing legal impediments and designing appropriate incentives to increase women’s participation in the economy. This paper goes beyond previous Fund work by categorizing the key sources of laws that impede women’s economic empowerment, as well as ways in which the law can be used as a tool to create behavioral changes and shifts in perceptions of women in the economy. Case studies of six countries (Iceland, Peru, Rwanda, The Philippines, Tunisia, and the United States) that rank high in gender equality in their respective regions demonstrate how legal reforms have been implemented in differing contexts to help achieve women’s economic empowerment. Given the relevance to the Fund’s mandate, the paper also notes the case for a stepped-up role for the IMF in advising on legal reforms that remove barriers to, and incentivize, women’s economic empowerment. Although this paper highlights dominant belief systems and cultural norms that have contributed to limiting the economic empowerment of women, it does not intend to render any judgment on these systems or norms.

Women, Business and the Law 2021

Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 381 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2021-04-05
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781464816536

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Women, Business and the Law 2021 by World Bank Pdf

Women, Business and the Law 2021 is the seventh in a series of annual studies measuring the laws and regulations that affect women’s economic opportunity in 190 economies. The project presents eight indicators structured around women’s interactions with the law as they move through their lives and careers: Mobility, Workplace, Pay, Marriage, Parenthood, Entrepreneurship, Assets, and Pension. This year’s report updates all indicators as of October 1, 2020 and builds evidence of the links between legal gender equality and women’s economic inclusion. By examining the economic decisions women make throughout their working lives, as well as the pace of reform over the past 50 years, Women, Business and the Law 2021 makes an important contribution to research and policy discussions about the state of women’s economic empowerment. Prepared during a global pandemic that threatens progress toward gender equality, this edition also includes important findings on government responses to COVID-19 and pilot research related to childcare and women’s access to justice.

Gender Equality and Economic Development in Sub-Saharan Africa

Author : Ms. Lisa L Kolovich,Ms. Monique Newiak
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 429 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2024-04-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9798400246968

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Gender Equality and Economic Development in Sub-Saharan Africa by Ms. Lisa L Kolovich,Ms. Monique Newiak Pdf

Efforts to achieve gender equality will not only help sub-Saharan Africa revive its inclusive growth engine but also will ensure progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals and help address the main disruptive challenges of this century. This book explores the progress made in gender equality in the region, highlighting both the challenges and successes in areas such as legal reforms; education; health; gender-based violence; harmful practices, such as child marriage; and financial inclusion. It takes stock of initiatives towards integrating gender into core macroeconomic and structural reforms, such as through implementing gender budgeting and examines the role that fiscal and other policies can play in closing gender gaps when they are mindful of distributional impacts. Drawing from extensive research across different institutions, the book underscores the macroeconomic significance of gender equality, emphasizing its potential to drive GDP growth, enhance economic stability, reduce income inequality, and foster sustainable development. It lays out how gender gaps interact with emerging challenges, such as digitalization, and explores the impact of global megatrends, such as climate change, on gender inequality, offering strategies for inclusive policy responses—including in a context where women and girls are still carrying a disproportionate care burden that is often not captured in economic measurement. The book aims to serve as a roadmap for policymakers, stakeholders, and advocates seeking to harness the untapped potential of gender equality—for its own sake and for the region's inclusive, sustainable, and green development. It calls for concerted efforts to dismantle structural barriers, transform social norms, and prioritize gender-responsive policies to unlock the full economic potential of sub-Saharan Africa.

Legal Gender Equality as a Catalyst for Convergence

Author : Can Sever
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2022-07-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9798400217173

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Legal Gender Equality as a Catalyst for Convergence by Can Sever Pdf

The unequal treatment of women in the law is one of the most visible forms of gender inequality. Prevalent legal constraints on the basis of gender prevent women, and thereby economies, from reaching their true potential. In this regard, this paper (i) documents the evolution of gender discriminatory laws around the globe, and (ii) sheds light on the role of legal gender equality in income convergence across countries. It shows that despite the remarkable progress toward gender equality in the law over the last five decades, the legal environment across the world is still far from providing a level playing field for women. Moreover, cross-country gaps in gender discriminatory laws have persisted and even widened over the years, meaning that some countries have lagged behind the progress in repealing the laws that act as a barrier to women’s economic inclusion. Based on a global sample since the 1970s, this paper finds that greater gender equality in the law facilitates cross-country income convergence over time. The results call for action and provide a reason to be optimistic going forward. They imply that legal reforms supportive of gender equality, which could indeed be actionable in the shorter term, help poorer countries catch up with the living standards in the advanced economies. These offer a window of opportunity in the post-Covid-19 period, given the adverse effects of the pandemic on economic growth and gender gaps.

Economic Empowerment of Women for Sustainable Development

Author : Dr. V. Malarvizhi,Dr. S. Gandhimathi,Dr. R. Annapoorni
Publisher : EduBubs Publishing House
Page : 426 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2024-03-25
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789394554894

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Economic Empowerment of Women for Sustainable Development by Dr. V. Malarvizhi,Dr. S. Gandhimathi,Dr. R. Annapoorni Pdf

In the global pursuit of equitable progress, the empowerment of women emerges as not merely an ethical imperative but a pragmatic necessity. The imperative of women's economic empowerment finds resonance throughout history, woven into the fabric of social movements, policy reforms, and economic progress. From the suffragette movements of the late 19th and early 20th centuries to the landmark conventions on women's rights and development in the latter half of the 20th century, the trajectory of gender equality has been marked by both triumphs and trials. The 1995 Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing stands as a watershed moment, galvanizing global commitments to women's empowerment and setting forth an ambitious agenda for action. Subsequent milestones, including the adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015, further underscore the intertwined nature of gender equality and sustainable development. Over the years though the researchers, academicians and government have tried to find ways and means for economic empowerment of women many aspects of women economic empowerment-entrepreneurship and innovation, work place equality, global partnership etc are yet to be completely resolved. Little attention has been paid to the above aspects by the researchers, policy makers and development planners. The present volume titled “"Economic Empowerment of Women for Sustainable Development" containing 32 papers covers different aspects and issues related to economic empowerment of women and sustainable development. It is an initiative for shedding light on the pivotal role women play in fostering sustainable economic development. The main themes with the volume covers are: financial inclusion, education skill development, technology and digital inclusion, leadership, decision making, policy and advocacy. The volume will provide women’s input and health for the academicians, researchers, policy makers and government officials.

Interim Guidance Note on Mainstreaming Gender at The IMF

Author : International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 54 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2024-01-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9798400263507

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Interim Guidance Note on Mainstreaming Gender at The IMF by International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department Pdf

This interim note provides general guidance on the operationalization of the IMF’s Strategy Toward Mainstreaming Gender. It offers a comprehensive overview of how IMF staff can integrate macrocritical gender issues into the IMF’s core areas of surveillance, lending, and capacity development. Key topics include i) identifying and assessing macrocritical gender gaps; ii) the “light touch” and “deep dive” approaches; iii) early insights on integrating gender into IMF-supported programs; iv) capacity development on gender or with a gender lens; v) synergies with other workstreams and vi) the importance of collaboration. It also includes summaries and links to relevant tools, databases, IMF staff reports, and relevant literature.

Women, Business and the Law 2023

Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 173 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2023-04-21
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781464819452

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Women, Business and the Law 2023 by World Bank Pdf

Women, Business and the Law 2023 is the ninth in a series of annual studies measuring the laws and regulations that affect women’s economic opportunity in 190 economies.The project presents eight indicators structured around women’s interactions with the law as they move through their lives and careers: Mobility, Workplace, Pay, Marriage, Parenthood, Entrepreneurship, Assets, and Pension. The 2023 edition identifies barriers to women’s economic participation and encourages reform of discriminatory laws. This year, the study also includes research, a literature review, and analysis of 53 years of reforms for women’s rights. Examining the economic decisions that women make throughout their working lives as well as tracking regulatory changes from 1970 to today, the study makes an important contribution to research and policy discussions about the state of women’s economic opportunities. By presenting powerful examples of change and highlighting the gaps still remaining, Women, Business and the Law 2023 is a vital tool in ensuring economic empowerment for all. Data in Women, Business and the Law 2023 are current as of October 1, 2022.

Lawful Progress: Unveiling the Laws That Reshape Women’s Work Decisions

Author : Anna Fruttero,Diego B. P. Gomes,Nishtha Sharma
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 31 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2023-12-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9798400261039

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Lawful Progress: Unveiling the Laws That Reshape Women’s Work Decisions by Anna Fruttero,Diego B. P. Gomes,Nishtha Sharma Pdf

This paper examines the impact of women’s legal rights on labor force participation decisions made by women and men through a granular analysis of 35 gendered laws. Building on previous literature, it departs from the analysis using aggregate indices due to concerns about (i) the usability of an index for policymaking purposes, (ii) the economic interpretation of an index’s average marginal effects, (iii) and the implicit assumption of homogeneous effects underlying regressions with an index. The findings identify nine key laws that can foster female labor force participation. Notably, laws related to household dynamics and women’s agency within the family, such as divorce and property rights laws, and laws regarding the ability of women to travel outside the home, are especially important in influencing their decision to work. The paper also shows that improving women’s legal rights does not improve their labor force participation through a substitution effect as it has no systematic negative effect on men’s labor force participation.

Women, Business and the Law 2024

Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2024-04-23
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781464820649

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Women, Business and the Law 2024 by World Bank Pdf

Women, Business and the Law 2024 is the 10th in a series of annual studies measuring the enabling conditions that affect women’s economic opportunity in 190 economies. To present a more complete picture of the global environment that enables women’s socioeconomic participation, this year Women, Business and the Law introduces two new indicators—Safety and Childcare—and presents findings on the implementation gap between laws (de jure) and how they function in practice (de facto). This study presents three indexes: (1) legal frameworks, (2) supportive frameworks (policies, institutions, services, data, budget, and access to justice), and (3) expert opinions on women’s rights in practice in the areas measured. The study’s 10 indicators—Safety, Mobility, Workplace, Pay, Marriage, Parenthood, Childcare, Entrepreneurship, Assets, and Pension—are structured around the different stages of a woman’s working life. Findings from this new research can inform policy discussions to ensure women’s full and equal participation in the economy. The indicators build evidence of the critical relationship between legal gender equality and women’s employment and entrepreneurship. Data in Women, Business and the Law 2024 are current as of October 1, 2023. wbl.worldbank.org

Kingdom of Eswatini

Author : International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 106 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2023-05-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9798400238826

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Kingdom of Eswatini by International Monetary Fund. African Dept. Pdf

Eswatini is at an important juncture as the authorities seek to address long-standing macroeconomic challenges in a shock-prone environment. While Eswatini has endured the pandemic and successive shocks from international commodity prices, fiscal and external buffers are low. Addressing long-standing macroeconomic imbalances—stemming mainly from fiscal overruns—remains a critical priority. Government efforts in this area have already begun but will need to be sustained over the medium-term. In tandem, shifting from a state-led to a private sector and export-led growth model will be essential to achieve higher and sustained levels of inclusive growth necessary for poverty reduction. Focused efforts to address the underlying causes of recent civil unrest, together with concerted efforts to tackle gaps in governance, are also needed.

Women and Finance in Africa

Author : Tinuade Adekunbi Ojo
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2024-06-26
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783031533372

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Women and Finance in Africa by Tinuade Adekunbi Ojo Pdf

Development and Regional Stability in Africa

Author : Adeoye O. Akinola
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2024-06-26
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783031566950

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Development and Regional Stability in Africa by Adeoye O. Akinola Pdf

Kiribati

Author : International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 55 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2023-06-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9798400247606

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Kiribati by International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept Pdf

Kiribati: Selected Issues

Sexual Education Around the World - Past, Present and Future Issues

Author : Rogena Sterling
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 145 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2023-09-13
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781837695959

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Sexual Education Around the World - Past, Present and Future Issues by Rogena Sterling Pdf

Sexual education is a worldwide concern that intersects with various attitudes, values, and cultural norms. It is an area of life that has for many years been kept private, but now there is recognition that there is a need to support people, especially young people in modern societies. The way sexual education is taught and applied within institutions shapes the way we understand and approach human sexuality. Various societies have chosen various means to provide sexual education both at school and to the wider society. There is still much more development and support needed, however. We can begin to identify strategies for overcoming challenges in sex education, promoting healthier attitudes, and empowering individuals to make informed decisions about their own bodies and relationships. This book is organized into three sections. The first section focuses on issues in sexual education, such as sexual harassment, sexuality and relationship education and advocacy by people with disabilities, future challenges, and sex differences in physical attractiveness. The second section focuses on the means of sexual health education interventions, including the use of technology. The last section includes a chapter on sex education and the invisibility of intersex people in the curriculum.

Pursuing Women's Economic Empowerment

Author : International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department,International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 29 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2018-05-31
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781498308922

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Pursuing Women's Economic Empowerment by International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department,International Monetary Fund. African Dept. Pdf

"The economic and social imperative for women’s economic empowerment is clear. Greater gender equality boosts economic growth and leads to better development outcomes. It contributes to reducing income inequality and boosting economic diversification and, in turn, supports economic resilience. Gender equality is one of the 17 global UN Sustainable Development Goals, which provide a roadmap for ending poverty, protecting the planet, and ensuring that all people enjoy peace and prosperity. The G7 has emphasized the need for closing the gender gap. The Taormina Leaders’ Summit in 2017 renewed the emphasis on promoting women’s empowerment, which the leaders see as a crucial contribution to promoting sustainable development. In this regard, leaders committed to mainstreaming gender equality into all their policies. This is carried forward by Canada’s G7 Presidency. With growing recognition that gender equality promotes economic stability and growth, the IMF has scaled up its work in this area and is committed to continue these efforts. Work by the IMF will focus on (i) deepening its understanding of the economic benefits of women’s empowerment, both in the labor market and through more equal opportunities for boys and girls, also against the background of persistent megatrends, including in an environment of rapid technological change; (ii) integrating the analysis into Fund policy dialogue with member countries; (iii) providing customized assistance, workshops, and peer-learning courses in areas such as gender budgeting; and (iv) expanding collaboration with other international institutions on the subject to benefit from complementary areas of expertise."