Tale Of Two Twins A The Langevin Experiment Of A Traveler To A Star

Author : Lucien Gilles Benguigui
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2020-10-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811219115

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Tale Of Two Twins, A: The Langevin Experiment Of A Traveler To A Star by Lucien Gilles Benguigui Pdf

The thought experiment proposed by Langevin in 1911, known under the popular names, 'Clock Paradox' or 'Twin Paradox', is the most surprising result of the theory of Relativity: A twin who travels to a star at nearly the velocity of light comes back to Earth and finds his twin brother much older. In over a century, several thousands of published articles debated both in favor of and against this result. Unique to the physics of Relativity, this baffling phenomenon is analyzed as a main goal of this book.Among an incredible number of solutions, is there one of simplicity and clarity which may be accepted unanimously by all of the physics community? The answer is yes and this solution, which has its origin in Einstein himself, is developed in the framework of the Special Theory of Relativity. In detailing this solution, it is shown that the essential ingredient to understand the theory is the acceleration of the twins. All the models which do not include acceleration are incompatible with the original idea of Langevin. If one considers this phenomenon, several questions come to mind. Why did physicists debate excessively on the paradox and struggle to reach an agreement? Why was there resistance to integrate acceleration into their studies? Why is the solution developed in this book known only by a minority of scientists?Written for physicists, historians and philosophers of science, this book seeks to answer these questions based on (1) the psychological difficulty to accept the theoretical results, and (2) the fact that scientific knowledge is not uniformly distributed among scientists.

Author : LUCIEN GILLES. BENGUIGUI
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
Page : 146 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2020-09-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9811219095

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Tale Of Two Twins, A: The Langevin Experiment Of A Traveler To A Star by LUCIEN GILLES. BENGUIGUI Pdf

The thought experiment proposed by Langevin in 1911, known under the popular names, "Clock Paradox" or "Twin Paradox", is the most surprising result of the theory of Relativity: A twin who travels to a star at nearly the velocity of light comes back to Earth and finds his twin brother much older. In over a century, several thousands of published articles debated both in favor of and against this result. Unique to the physics of Relativity, this baffling phenomenon is analyzed as a main goal of this book. Among an incredible number of solutions, is there one of simplicity and clarity which may be accepted unanimously by all of the physics community? The answer is yes and this solution, which has its origin in Einstein himself, is developed in the framework of the Special Theory of Relativity. In detailing this solution, it is shown that the essential ingredient to understand the theory is the acceleration of the twins. All the models which do not include acceleration are incompatible with the original idea of Langevin. If one considers this phenomenon, several questions come to mind. Why did physicists debate excessively on the paradox and struggle to reach an agreement? Why was there resistance to integrate acceleration into their studies? Why is the solution developed in this book known only by a minority of scientists? Written for physicists, historians and philosophers of science, this book seeks to answer these questions based on (1) the psychological difficulty to accept the theoretical results, and (2) the fact that scientific knowledge is not uniformly distributed among scientists.

Author : Somnath Datta
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2021-03-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811228131

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Special Relativity, Tensors, And Energy Tensor: With Worked Problems by Somnath Datta Pdf

This book takes the reader from the preliminary ideas of the Special Theory of Relativity (STR) to the doorsteps of the General Theory of Relativity (GTR).The first part explains the main concepts in a layman's language, including STR, the Lorentz transformation, relativistic mechanics. Thereafter the concept of tensors is built up in detail, especially Maxwell's stress tensor with illustrative examples, culminating in the energy-momentum conservation in electromagnetic fields. Mathematical structure of Minkowski's space-time is constructed and explained graphically. The equation of motion is formulated and then illustrated by the example of relativistic rocket. The principle of covariance is explained with the covariant equations of classical electrodynamics. Finally, the book constructs the energy tensor which constitutes the source term in Einstein's field equation, which clears the passage to the GTR.In the book, the concepts of tensors are developed carefully and a large number of numerical examples taken from atomic and nuclear physics. The graphs of important equations are included. This is suitable for studies in classical electrodynamics, modern physics, and relativity.

Author : Rémy Lestienne
Publisher : University of Illinois Press
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 0252064275

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The Children of Time by Rémy Lestienne Pdf

"A work of scientific substance and critical wisdom, developed in the urbane idiom of a French scholar." -- J. T. Fraser, founder, International Society for the Study of Time "This is the book for those of us who couldn't wade completely through Hawking's A Brief History of Time and now have it collecting dust on our bookshelves. Well written, thought-provoking, and, most important, understandable." -- Michael Epstein, analytical spectroscopist/chemist, National Institute of Standards and Technology What is time? Does it really pass? These and other fascinating questions about the nature of time animate a continuing philosophical and scientific debate. In this popular French book, now available for the first time in English; my Lestienne moves to make the bewildering concepts of time accessible--and interesting. He uses Galileo, Newton, Einstein, and others to demonstrate how the concepts of causality and entropy became so pervasive that they eventually were substituted for time itself. He also shows how recent advances in astronomy, particle physics, developmental life sciences, and the neurosciences are helping to shape a new philosophical vision of time.

Author : Jack Armel
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 130 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789810228422

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Entropic Spacetime Theory by Jack Armel Pdf

This book sets up a discrete universe with minimum and maximum dimensions. Singularity is rejected.Entropic Spacetime Theory divides the universe into a kinetic system and an entropic spacetime. The kinetic system is what our present physics is all about; it deals with radiation (vector bosons) and mass particles (fermions). Relativity and quantum mechanics deal almost entirely in the kinetic system.The entropic spacetime (EST) defines space; in this theory there is no vacuum ? EST is space. Made up of energy and dipole charges, its values can be converted into length and time.The theory offers a new description of space, a new cosmology, names space as the original creator of all new matter and radiation.

Author : Robert A. Heinlein
Publisher : CAEZIK SF & Fantasy
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2024-01-23
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 164710095X

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Time for the Stars by Robert A. Heinlein Pdf

"Rarely has Heinlein pushed his imagination further...a vivid, stirring experience."--Chicago Tribune "One of the superb Heinlein stories that has excitement, urbanity, humanity, rationality, pace, understanding, and is a joy to read."--The New York Times With over-population stretching the resources of Earth, the need to find and colonize other Terra-type planets is becoming crucial to the survival of the human race. But finding these planets is time-consuming and very costly. With a seemingly inexhaustible budget, the scientists at the Long Range Foundation create the remarkable Torchships, which are able to traverse to different Star Systems within the matter of months. However, communication between Earth and these ships would still take countless years--even decades. How would they alert Earth of the planets they find? Tom and Pat are recruited by LRF to become the human transmitters and receivers for the mission. Growing up together they had felt like they were so similar, so in sync, that it was almost as if they read each other's minds.... Only to discover, that was indeed what they could do. Along with other telepathic pairings, their abilities are tested, and it is discovered that time nor distance impedes their connection; communication between Earth and the Torchships would be instantaneous. But there is a catch: during the course of the mission, while one of them stays behind and grows old, on Earth, the other will be traversing the stars, and--if he survives--will return a young man. "The word that comes to mind for him is essential. As a writer--eloquent, impassioned, technically innovative--he reshaped science fiction in the way that defined it for every writer who followed him.... He was the most significant science fiction writer since H. G. Wells."--Robert Silverberg

Author : Tim Maudlin
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 199 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2015-05-26
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780691165714

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Philosophy of Physics by Tim Maudlin Pdf

Philosophical foundations of the physics of space-time This concise book introduces nonphysicists to the core philosophical issues surrounding the nature and structure of space and time, and is also an ideal resource for physicists interested in the conceptual foundations of space-time theory. Tim Maudlin's broad historical overview examines Aristotelian and Newtonian accounts of space and time, and traces how Galileo's conceptions of relativity and space-time led to Einstein's special and general theories of relativity. Maudlin explains special relativity with enough detail to solve concrete physical problems while presenting general relativity in more qualitative terms. Additional topics include the Twins Paradox, the physical aspects of the Lorentz-FitzGerald contraction, the constancy of the speed of light, time travel, the direction of time, and more. Introduces nonphysicists to the philosophical foundations of space-time theory Provides a broad historical overview, from Aristotle to Einstein Explains special relativity geometrically, emphasizing the intrinsic structure of space-time Covers the Twins Paradox, Galilean relativity, time travel, and more Requires only basic algebra and no formal knowledge of physics

Author : Sam Kean
Publisher : Little, Brown
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2010-07-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 0316089087

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The Disappearing Spoon by Sam Kean Pdf

From New York Times bestselling author Sam Kean comes incredible stories of science, history, finance, mythology, the arts, medicine, and more, as told by the Periodic Table. Why did Gandhi hate iodine (I, 53)? How did radium (Ra, 88) nearly ruin Marie Curie's reputation? And why is gallium (Ga, 31) the go-to element for laboratory pranksters?* The Periodic Table is a crowning scientific achievement, but it's also a treasure trove of adventure, betrayal, and obsession. These fascinating tales follow every element on the table as they play out their parts in human history, and in the lives of the (frequently) mad scientists who discovered them. THE DISAPPEARING SPOON masterfully fuses science with the classic lore of invention, investigation, and discovery--from the Big Bang through the end of time. *Though solid at room temperature, gallium is a moldable metal that melts at 84 degrees Fahrenheit. A classic science prank is to mold gallium spoons, serve them with tea, and watch guests recoil as their utensils disappear.

Author : David D. Nolte
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2018-07-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780192528506

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Galileo Unbound by David D. Nolte Pdf

Galileo Unbound traces the journey that brought us from Galileo's law of free fall to today's geneticists measuring evolutionary drift, entangled quantum particles moving among many worlds, and our lives as trajectories traversing a health space with thousands of dimensions. Remarkably, common themes persist that predict the evolution of species as readily as the orbits of planets or the collapse of stars into black holes. This book tells the history of spaces of expanding dimension and increasing abstraction and how they continue today to give new insight into the physics of complex systems. Galileo published the first modern law of motion, the Law of Fall, that was ideal and simple, laying the foundation upon which Newton built the first theory of dynamics. Early in the twentieth century, geometry became the cause of motion rather than the result when Einstein envisioned the fabric of space-time warped by mass and energy, forcing light rays to bend past the Sun. Possibly more radical was Feynman's dilemma of quantum particles taking all paths at once — setting the stage for the modern fields of quantum field theory and quantum computing. Yet as concepts of motion have evolved, one thing has remained constant, the need to track ever more complex changes and to capture their essence, to find patterns in the chaos as we try to predict and control our world.

Author : Michael Tsamparlis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 605 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2010-05-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642038372

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Special Relativity by Michael Tsamparlis Pdf

Writing a new book on the classic subject of Special Relativity, on which numerous important physicists have contributed and many books have already been written, can be like adding another epicycle to the Ptolemaic cosmology. Furthermore, it is our belief that if a book has no new elements, but simply repeats what is written in the existing literature, perhaps with a different style, then this is not enough to justify its publication. However, after having spent a number of years, both in class and research with relativity, I have come to the conclusion that there exists a place for a new book. Since it appears that somewhere along the way, mathem- ics may have obscured and prevailed to the degree that we tend to teach relativity (and I believe, theoretical physics) simply using “heavier” mathematics without the inspiration and the mastery of the classic physicists of the last century. Moreover current trends encourage the application of techniques in producing quick results and not tedious conceptual approaches resulting in long-lasting reasoning. On the other hand, physics cannot be done a ́ la carte stripped from philosophy, or, to put it in a simple but dramatic context A building is not an accumulation of stones! As a result of the above, a major aim in the writing of this book has been the distinction between the mathematics of Minkowski space and the physics of r- ativity.

Author : Grant Heiken,David Vaniman,Bevan M. French
Publisher : CUP Archive
Page : 796 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 1991-04-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521334446

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Lunar Sourcebook by Grant Heiken,David Vaniman,Bevan M. French Pdf

The only work to date to collect data gathered during the American and Soviet missions in an accessible and complete reference of current scientific and technical information about the Moon.

Author : G. H. Keswani
Publisher : Alekh Prakashan
Page : 88 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1965
Category : Relativity
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Origin and Concept of Relativity by G. H. Keswani Pdf

Author : Wiebe E. Bijker,Thomas Parke Hughes,Trevor Pinch
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 471 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2012-05-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780262517607

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The Social Construction of Technological Systems, anniversary edition by Wiebe E. Bijker,Thomas Parke Hughes,Trevor Pinch Pdf

An anniversary edition of an influential book that introduced a groundbreaking approach to the study of science, technology, and society. This pioneering book, first published in 1987, launched the new field of social studies of technology. It introduced a method of inquiry—social construction of technology, or SCOT—that became a key part of the wider discipline of science and technology studies. The book helped the MIT Press shape its STS list and inspired the Inside Technology series. The thirteen essays in the book tell stories about such varied technologies as thirteenth-century galleys, eighteenth-century cooking stoves, and twentieth-century missile systems. Taken together, they affirm the fruitfulness of an approach to the study of technology that gives equal weight to technical, social, economic, and political questions, and they demonstrate the illuminating effects of the integration of empirics and theory. The approaches in this volume—collectively called SCOT (after the volume's title) have since broadened their scope, and twenty-five years after the publication of this book, it is difficult to think of a technology that has not been studied from a SCOT perspective and impossible to think of a technology that cannot be studied that way.

Author : Daniel A. Beysens,Jack J.W. A. van Loon
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2022-09-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000794885

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Generation and Applications of Extra-Terrestrial Environments on Earth by Daniel A. Beysens,Jack J.W. A. van Loon Pdf

This book has been prepared under the auspice of the European Low Gravity Research Association (ELGRA). The main task of ELGRA is to foster the scientific community in Europe and beyond in conducting gravity and space-related research.This publication is dedicated to the science community, and especially to the next generation of scientists and engineers interested in space research and in the means to use Earth to reproduce the space environment. ELGRA provides a comprehensive description of space conditions and the means that have been developed on Earth to perform space environmental and (micro-) gravity related research. .The book covers ground-based research instruments and environments for both life and physical sciences research. It discusses the opportunities and limitations of protocols and instruments to compensate gravity or simulate microgravity, such as clinostats, random positioning machines, levitating magnets, electric fields, vibrations, tail suspension or head down tilt, as well as centrifuges for hyper-g studies. Other space environmental conditions are addressed too, like cosmic radiation or Mars atmospheric and soil properties to be replicated and simulated on Earth. Future long duration of manned missions, personal well-being and crew interaction are major issues dealt with.

Author : Milena Wazeck
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 379 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2014-01-09
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9781107017443

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Einstein's Opponents by Milena Wazeck Pdf

Exploring the ferocious opposition which once surrounded the theory of relativity, this fascinating account details the strategies and motivations of Einstein's detractors. A unique insight into the dynamics of scientific controversies, ideal for anyone interested in the history and philosophy of physics, popular science, and the public understanding of science.