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THE EXTRAORDINARY STORY OF THE ENGLISH WOMAN WHO FOOLED THE VATICAN. The legend of Pope Joan - the woman who, dressed as a man, headed the Catholic church in the early ninth century - has always been a subject of fascinated speculation but rarely, until now, the subject of serious research. As the future over women in the catholic priesthood continues, and the Church, which once took her story as gospel, now tries to play down the rumours, it is time for a reappraisal. Here Peter Stanford, author of The Devil- A Biography, reveals what can, and cannot, be known of this incredible story, and of the extraordinary woman behind it. In this fascinating account, ranging from secret histories to conspiracy theories, medieval carvings to tarot cards, women priests to cross-dressing clerics, and from romantic fiction to hard facts, he delivers a major study of historical detective work.
Author : Donna Woolfolk Cross Publisher : Random House Digital, Inc. Page : 450 pages File Size : 41,6 Mb Release : 1997 Category : Church ISBN : 9780345416261
When her older brother is killed, Joan, a rebellious ninth-century woman, assumes his identity, enters a monastery and becomes a great Christian scholar, eventually attaining the throne of Pope.
Pope Joan by Charles River Charles River Editors Pdf
*Includes pictures *Includes medieval and modern accounts of Pope Joan's story *Looks at the different theories about Pope Joan's existence *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading "I do not wish women to have power over men; but over themselves." - Mary Shelley The Middle Ages in Europe were some of the most precarious centuries in recorded history, bristling with war, excitement, and chaos. The Western Roman Empire had crumbled, territories were rapidly expanding, and heavy ploughs, hourglasses, spectacles, tidal mills, and more pioneering inventions were popping up across the continent. It was also a time of extreme prejudice, when women were treated as second-class citizens. Their only purpose in life was to procreate by the dozen. They were confined to their kitchens and barns at home. They could not vote, and most definitely were not allowed to be involved in anything with the word "office" in its title. What was worse, only a handful of these women would succeed in hauling themselves out of the trenches, as females were not allowed an education. Given this context, there have always been stories about women who broke the mold somehow, and of all the mysterious stories passed down over the centuries and chronicled by history's storytellers, one of the most fascinating and hotly contested subjects is Pope Joan, a young woman who was so desperate to squeeze herself out of the status quo that she had done the unthinkable. For decades, she disguised herself as a man, living amongst her oppressors as she paved her way to the papal throne. She would keep up this pretense for more than 2 years until that one fateful day, when it all came unraveling. By the early 13th century, the tale of a female pope who presided over the Catholic Church a few centuries earlier was making its way across Europe. In fact, in Chronica Universalis Mettensis, Jean de Mailly fleshed out a number of details: "Query: Concerning a certain Pope or rather female Pope, who is not set down in the list of popes or Bishops of Rome, because she was a woman who disguised herself as a man and became, by her character and talents, a curial secretary, then a Cardinal and finally Pope. One day, while mounting a horse, she gave birth to a child. Immediately, by Roman justice, she was bound by the feet to a horse's tail and dragged and stoned by the people for half a league, and, where she died, there she was buried, and at the place is written: 'Petre, Pater Patrum, Papisse Prodito Partum' [Oh Peter, Father of Fathers, Betray the childbearing of the woman Pope]. At the same time, the four-day fast called the 'fast of the female Pope' was first established." As others took it up and spread it along, the legend of Pope Joan became a gripping tale of bravery and treachery, replete with drama, complete with a mystery lover, surprising twists, and even a cliffhanger. But of course, the overhanging question is whether Pope Joan really existed. Many, including modern historians and the Roman Catholic Church, are quick to dismiss Joan's story as myth, but others beg to differ and believe in the actual historical existence of a woman who would inevitably be one of the Church's most groundbreaking popes. Pope Joan: The Indestructible Legend of the Catholic Church's First and Only Female Pontiff looks at the riveting story of Pope Joan, including an examination of all the various theories regarding the legend's veracity. Along with pictures depicting important people, places, and events, you will learn about Pope Joan like never before.
Shakespeare's Foreign Worlds by Carole Levin,John Watkins Pdf
In Shakespeare's Foreign Worlds, Carole Levin and John Watkins focus on the relationship between the London-based professional theater preeminently associated with William Shakespeare and an unprecedented European experience of geographic, social, and intellectual mobility. Shakespeare's plays bear the marks of exile and exploration, rural depopulation, urban expansion, and shifting mercantile and diplomatic configurations. He fills his plays with characters testing the limits of personal identity: foreigners, usurpers, outcasts, outlaws, scolds, shrews, witches, mercenaries, and cross-dressers. Through parallel discussions of Henry VI, The Taming of the Shrew, and The Merchant of Venice, Levin and Watkins argue that Shakespeare's centrality to English national consciousness is inseparable from his creation of the foreign as a category asserting dangerous affinities between England's internal minorities and its competitors within an increasingly fraught European mercantile system. As a women's historian, Levin is particularly interested in Shakespeare's responses to marginalized sectors of English society. As a scholar of English, Italian Studies, and Medieval Studies, Watkins situates Shakespeare in the context of broadly European historical movements. Together Levin and Watkins narrate the emergence of the foreign as portable category that might be applied both to "strangers" from other countries and to native-born English men and women, such as religious dissidents, who resisted conformity to an increasingly narrow sense of English identity. Shakespeare's Foreign Worlds will appeal to historians, literary scholars, theater specialists, and anyone interested in Shakespeare and the Elizabethan Age.
A Present for a Papist: or the life and death of Pope Joan, plainly proving out of the printed copies and manuscripts of Popish writers and others, that a woman called Joan, was really Pope of Rome ... By a Lover of Truth, etc. Taken chiefly from “Pope Joan,” etc. by A. Cooke by Anonim Pdf
Sin and Filth in Medieval Culture by Martha Bayless Pdf
This important new contribution to the history of the body analyzes the role of filth as the material counterpart of sin in medieval thought. Using a wide range of texts, including theology, historical documents, and literature from Augustine to Chaucer, the book shows how filth was regarded as fundamental to an understanding of human history. This theological significance explains the prominence of filth and dung in all genres of medieval writing: there is more dung in theology than there is in Chaucer. The author also demonstrates the ways in which the religious understanding of filth and sin influenced the secular world, from town planning to the execution of traitors. As part of this investigation the book looks at the symbolic order of the body and the ways in which the different aspects of the body were assigned moral meanings. The book also lays out the realities of medieval sanitation, providing the first comprehensive view of real-life attempts to cope with filth. This book will be essential reading for those interested in medieval religious thought, literature, amd social history. Filled with a wealth of entertaining examples, it will also appeal to those who simply want to glimpse the medieval world as it really was.
Priest of the Church or Priest of a Church? by Noel Cox Pdf
The development of new forms of ministry, lay and ordained, has included worker-priests, now found in the Anglican Communion in a related form variously called Self-Supporting Ministry (SSM) or Non-Stipendiary Ministry (NSM). This book focuses on one of the most recent developments, the creation of Ordained Local Ministry. After chapters that consider preliminary questions of the nature of ministry, such as authority in the church and Holy Orders, Noel Cox argues that the crucial distinction between these and other forms of ministry is that the Ordained Local Minister (OLM) is overtly ordained specifically for a given locality (variously defined); they are a deacon or priest for a specific church, parish, benefice, or deanery, rather than of the universal church. Their introduction inevitably raises difficult ecclesiological questions, which Cox examines.
Understanding Religion: Some Approaches and Attitudes by Bosudha Bandyopadhyay Pdf
The term religion lends itself to various meanings and interpretations depending upon the nature, education and the level of consciousness and conscience of a particular human being who actually harbors the idea or practices of his faith. It is evident therefore, that the concept of religion in human life and society appears to be most controversial and a complex thing which has variable meanings and significance to various human minds. It is indeed pitiful to observe that in the mountain maelstrom of materialism, man develops the tendency to ignore or undermine the edifying and enriching experience of religions and prefers to stay away from the path of the nourishment of his soul without which, both human existence and progress are seriously endangered. The practice of spiritual uplift is therefore, an indispensable condition of human progress and civilization, for a life conditioned by, and dependent on, mere material development is deemed to be fraught with utter futility. The essays chosen in this volume by and large have been written by scholars with a view, to unfolding either the virtues or shortcomings of many of the principles and practices of different religions. Some of the essays have sought to examine the causes and reasons behind the unhealthy views and superstitions and also to reveal a good and elevating virtues the cultivation of which may enlighten us for the realization of the noble ideas and ideals of life. The writers have made an honest attempt to look at the grim reality of some religious superstitions in order to find out the hidden light that rise beyond the boundary of blind beliefs and faiths. Such a quest is always worthwhile for a sincere seeker in quest of truth and light. The authors of the essays have taken pains to diagnose the deep-seated malady of blind belief, fanaticism and dogmatisms.
In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, Europeans invented 'Indians' and populated the world with them. The global history of the term 'Indian' remains largely unwritten and this volume, taking its cue from Shakespeare, asks us to consider the proximities and distances between various early modern discourses of the Indian. Through new analysis of English travel writing, medical treatises, literature, and drama, contributors seek not just to recover unexpected counter-histories but to put pressure on the ways in which we understand race, foreign bodies, and identity in a globalizing age that has still not shed deeply ingrained imperialist habits of marking difference.
Protestant Aesthetics and the Arts by Sarah Covington,Kathryn Reklis Pdf
The Reformation was one of the defining cultural turning points in Western history, even if there is a longstanding stereotype that Protestants did away with art and material culture. Rather than reject art and aestheticism, Protestants developed their own aesthetic values, which Protestant Aesthetics and the Arts addresses as it identifies and explains the link between theological aesthetics and the arts within a Protestant framework across five-hundred years of history. Featuring essays from an international gathering of leading experts working across a diverse set of disciplines, Protestant Aesthetics and the Arts is the first study of its kind, containing essays that address Protestantism and the fine arts (visual art, music, literature, and architecture), and historical and contemporary Protestant theological perspectives on the subject of beauty and imagination. Contributors challenge accepted preconceptions relating to the boundaries of theological aesthetics and religiously determined art; disrupt traditional understandings of periodization and disciplinarity; and seek to open rich avenues for new fields of research. Building on renewed interest in Protestantism in the study of religion and modernity and the return to aesthetics in Christian theological inquiry, this volume will be of significant interest to scholars of Theology, Aesthetics, Art and Architectural History, Literary Criticism, and Religious History.