The Atlantic Meridional Transect Programme 1995 2023

Author : Andrew Paul Rees,Vanda Brotas,Timothy James Smyth
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2024-01-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832543511

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The Atlantic Meridional Transect Programme (1995-2023) by Andrew Paul Rees,Vanda Brotas,Timothy James Smyth Pdf

Since 1995 the Atlantic Meridional Transect program (AMT - www.amt-uk.org) has undertaken extensive measurements of oceanographic and atmospheric variables on a passage between the UK and destinations in the South Atlantic (Falkland Islands, Chile, Uruguay and South Africa). This program, which spans up to 100° of latitude, crosses a range of ecosystems from sub-polar to tropical, from eutrophic shelf seas and upwelling systems, to oligotrophic mid-ocean gyres. The AMT was originally conceived to utilise the bi-annual passage of the RRS James Clark Ross (JCR) between its home-base in the UK and its field-base in the Falklands. In 2008, cruises switched from bi-annual to annual, taking place during the boreal autumn (austral spring). Throughout the lifetime of the AMT program, the objectives have evolved to address topical research questions whilst enabling the maintenance of a continuous set of observations relevant to global environmental issues.

Author : Igor M. Belkin
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 446 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2023-06-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783662658390

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Chemical Oceanography of Frontal Zones by Igor M. Belkin Pdf

This book is a unique and authoritative review of chemical fronts in the ocean world. It includes regional chapters on chemical fronts in all major oceans (Atlantic, Indian, Pacific, Arctic, and Southern) and marginal seas (North Sea, Baltic Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, Yellow Sea, and the East Siberian Sea). Thematic chapters focus on diverse topics such as cross-frontal transfer of nutrients; diapycnal mixing and its impact on nutrient fluxes in western boundary currents (Gulf Stream and Kuroshio); front-driven physical-biogeochemical-ecological interactions; dynamics of coloured dissolved organic matter; pollutant concentration and fish contamination in frontal zones; distribution of microplastics in the ocean, and Lagrangian methods to study the transport of marine litter. This volume will appeal to a broad audience, including researchers, instructors, students, and practitioners of all kinds involved in scientific and applied research, environment protection and conservation, and maritime industries including fisheries, aquaculture, and mining. Chapter "Lagrangian Methods for Visualizing and Assessing Frontal Dynamics of Floating Marine Litter with a Focus on Tidal Basins" is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Author : Chao Chen,Xiyong Hou,Qiusheng Wu,Weiwei Sun,Mingming Jia
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2023-10-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832537237

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Remote Sensing for Coastal Sustainability by Chao Chen,Xiyong Hou,Qiusheng Wu,Weiwei Sun,Mingming Jia Pdf

Author : Alan R. Longhurst
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 560 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2010-08-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080465579

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Ecological Geography of the Sea by Alan R. Longhurst Pdf

This book presents an in-depth discussion of the biological and ecological geography of the oceans. It synthesizes locally restricted studies of the ocean to generate a global geography of the vast marine world. Based on patterns of algal ecology, the book divides the ocean into four primary compartments, which are then subdivided into secondary compartments. *Includes color insert of the latest in satellite imagery showing the world's oceans, their similarities and differences *Revised and updated to reflect the latest in oceanographic research *Ideal for anyone interested in understanding ocean ecology -- accessible and informative

Author : Dan E. Kelley
Publisher : Springer
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2018-10-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781493988440

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Oceanographic Analysis with R by Dan E. Kelley Pdf

This book presents the R software environment as a key tool for oceanographic computations and provides a rationale for using R over the more widely-used tools of the field such as MATLAB. Kelley provides a general introduction to R before introducing the ‘oce’ package. This package greatly simplifies oceanographic analysis by handling the details of discipline-specific file formats, calculations, and plots. Designed for real-world application and developed with open-source protocols, oce supports a broad range of practical work. Generic functions take care of general operations such as subsetting and plotting data, while specialized functions address more specific tasks such as tidal decomposition, hydrographic analysis, and ADCP coordinate transformation. In addition, the package makes it easy to document work, because its functions automatically update processing logs stored within its data objects. Kelley teaches key R functions using classic examples from the history of oceanography, specifically the work of Alfred Redfield, Gordon Riley, J. Tuzo Wilson, and Walter Munk. Acknowledging the pervasive popularity of MATLAB, the book provides advice to users who would like to switch to R. Including a suite of real-life applications and over 100 exercises and solutions, the treatment is ideal for oceanographers, technicians, and students who want to add R to their list of tools for oceanographic analysis.

Author : Peter S. Liss,Martin T. Johnson
Publisher : Springer
Page : 315 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2013-12-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642256431

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Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions of Gases and Particles by Peter S. Liss,Martin T. Johnson Pdf

The oceans and atmosphere interact through various processes, including the transfer of momentum, heat, gases and particles. In this book leading international experts come together to provide a state-of-the-art account of these exchanges and their role in the Earth-system, with particular focus on gases and particles. Chapters in the book cover: i) the ocean-atmosphere exchange of short-lived trace gases; ii) mechanisms and models of interfacial exchange (including transfer velocity parameterisations); iii) ocean-atmosphere exchange of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide; iv) ocean atmosphere exchange of particles and v) current and future data collection and synthesis efforts. The scope of the book extends to the biogeochemical responses to emitted / deposited material and interactions and feedbacks in the wider Earth-system context. This work constitutes a highly detailed synthesis and reference; of interest to higher-level university students (Masters, PhD) and researchers in ocean-atmosphere interactions and related fields (Earth-system science, marine / atmospheric biogeochemistry / climate). Production of this book was supported and funded by the EU COST Action 735 and coordinated by the International SOLAS (Surface Ocean- Lower Atmosphere Study) project office.

Author : Jennifer Hubbard,David Wildish,Robert Stephenson
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
Page : 486 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2016-01-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9781442648586

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A Century of Maritime Science by Jennifer Hubbard,David Wildish,Robert Stephenson Pdf

A Century of Maritime Science reviews the fisheries, environmental, oceanographic, and aquaculture research conducted over the last hundred years at St. Andrews from the perspective of the participating scientists.

Author : Michael J.R. Fasham
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642558443

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Ocean Biogeochemistry by Michael J.R. Fasham Pdf

Oceans account for 50% of the anthropogenic CO2 released into the atmosphere. During the past 15 years an international programme, the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS), has been studying the ocean carbon cycle to quantify and model the biological and physical processes whereby CO2 is pumped from the ocean's surface to the depths of the ocean, where it can remain for hundreds of years. This project is one of the largest multi-disciplinary studies of the oceans ever carried out and this book synthesises the results. It covers all aspects of the topic ranging from air-sea exchange with CO2, the role of physical mixing, the uptake of CO2 by marine algae, the fluxes of carbon and nitrogen through the marine food chain to the subsequent export of carbon to the depths of the ocean. Special emphasis is laid on predicting future climatic change.

Author : Mick Follows,Temel Oguz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 412 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2004-08-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 1402020864

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The Ocean Carbon Cycle and Climate by Mick Follows,Temel Oguz Pdf

Our desire to understand the global carbon cycle and its link to the climate system represents a huge challenge. These overarching questions have driven a great deal of scientific endeavour in recent years: What are the basic oceanic mechanisms which control the oceanic carbon reservoirs and the partitioning of carbon between ocean and atmosphere? How do these mechanisms depend on the state of the climate system and how does the carbon cycle feed back on climate? What is the current rate at which fossil fuel carbon dioxide is absorbed by the oceans and how might this change in the future? To begin to answer these questions we must first understand the distribution of carbon in the ocean, its partitioning between different ocean reservoirs (the "solubility" and "biological" pumps of carbon), the mechanisms controlling these reservoirs, and the relationship of the significant physical and biological processes to the physical environment. The recent surveys from the JGOFS and WOCE (Joint Global Ocean Flux Study and World Ocean Circulation Ex periment) programs have given us a first truly global survey of the physical and biogeochemical properties of the ocean. These new, high quality data provide the opportunity to better quantify the present oceans reservoirs of carbon and the changes due to fossil fuel burning. In addition, diverse process studies and time-series observations have clearly revealed the complexity of interactions between nutrient cycles, ecosystems, the carbon-cycle and the physical envi ronment.

Author : Boris Galperin,Peter L. Read
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 527 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2019-02-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781107043886

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Zonal Jets by Boris Galperin,Peter L. Read Pdf

Presents a comprehensive, multidisciplinary volume on the physics of zonal jets, from the leading experts, for graduate students and researchers.

Author : Andrew Clive Banks,Christophe Lerebourg,Kevin Ruddick
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 508 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2020-10-08
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3039430645

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Fiducial Reference Measurements for Satellite Ocean Colour by Andrew Clive Banks,Christophe Lerebourg,Kevin Ruddick Pdf

Ocean color measured by satellite-mounted optical sensors is an essential climate variable that is routinely used as a central element for assessing the health and productivity of marine ecosystems and the role of oceans in the global carbon cycle. For satellite ocean color to be reliable and used in these and other important environmental applications, the data must be trustworthy and high quality. Pre-flight and on-board calibration of satellite ocean color sensors is conducted; however, once in orbit, the data quality can only be fully assessed via independent calibration and validation activities using surface measurements. These measurements therefore need to be at least as high quality as the satellite data, which necessitates SI traceability and a full uncertainty budget. This is the basis for fiducial reference measurements (FRMs) and the FRM4SOC project, which was an European Space Agency (ESA) initiative to establish and maintain SI-traceable ground-based FRM for satellite ocean color, thus providing a fundamental contribution to the European system for monitoring the Earth (Copernicus). This Special Issue of MDPI Remote Sensing is designed to showcase this essential Earth observation work through the publication of the project's main achievements and results accompanied by other select relevant articles.

Author : Dag Hessen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Medical
ISBN : 3540421068

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UV Radiation and Arctic Ecosystems by Dag Hessen Pdf

Although there are some biological processes that are supported by UV radiation, most organisms are stressed by it in various ways, e.g. through DNA damage. Top international experts present an integrated overview of UV radiation and its effects on terrestrial, freshwater and marine Arctic biota. Increased stratospheric ozone depletion and the corresponding increase in ground levels of UV radiation as well as ambient, "natural" UV radiation as a key ecological factor in the Arctic spring and summer are discussed in detail. Additionally, basic information on Arctic ecosystems is given. The volume provides not only an excellent account of present-day knowledge of the subject, but also describes the state of the art on which future research can be built.

Author : Will Steffen,Andrew A. Burbidge,Lesley Hughes,Roger Kitching,David Lindenmayer,Warren Musgrave,Mark Stafford Smith,Patricia A. Werner
Publisher : CSIRO PUBLISHING
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780643096059

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Australia's Biodiversity and Climate Change by Will Steffen,Andrew A. Burbidge,Lesley Hughes,Roger Kitching,David Lindenmayer,Warren Musgrave,Mark Stafford Smith,Patricia A. Werner Pdf

"Australia's unique biodiversity is under threat from a rapidly changing climate. The effects of climate change are already discernible at all levels of biodiversity - genes, species, communities and ecosystems. Many of Australia's most valued and iconic natural areas - the Great Barrier Reef, south-western Australia, the Kakadu wetlands and the Australian Alps - are among the most vulnerable. But much more is at stake than saving iconic species or ecosystems. Australia's biodiversity is fundamental to the country's national identity, economy and quality of life. In the face of uncertainty about specific climate scenarios, ecological and management principles provide a sound basis for maximising opportunities for species to adapt, communities to reorganise and ecosystems to transform while maintaining basic functions critical to human society. This innovative approach to biodiversity conservation under a changing climate leads to new challenges for management, policy development and institutional design. This book explores these challenges, building on a detailed analysis of the interactions between a changing climate and Australia's rich but threatened biodiversity. Australia's Biodiversity and Climate Change is an important reference for policy makers, researchers, educators, students, journalists, environmental and conservation NGOs, NRM managers, and private landholders with an interest in biodiversity conservation in a rapidly changing world."--Publisher.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Polar Research Board,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Abrupt Climate Change
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2002-04-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309133043

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Abrupt Climate Change by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Polar Research Board,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Abrupt Climate Change Pdf

The climate record for the past 100,000 years clearly indicates that the climate system has undergone periodic-and often extreme-shifts, sometimes in as little as a decade or less. The causes of abrupt climate changes have not been clearly established, but the triggering of events is likely to be the result of multiple natural processes. Abrupt climate changes of the magnitude seen in the past would have far-reaching implications for human society and ecosystems, including major impacts on energy consumption and water supply demands. Could such a change happen again? Are human activities exacerbating the likelihood of abrupt climate change? What are the potential societal consequences of such a change? Abrupt Climate Change: Inevitable Surprises looks at the current scientific evidence and theoretical understanding to describe what is currently known about abrupt climate change, including patterns and magnitudes, mechanisms, and probability of occurrence. It identifies critical knowledge gaps concerning the potential for future abrupt changes, including those aspects of change most important to society and economies, and outlines a research strategy to close those gaps. Based on the best and most current research available, this book surveys the history of climate change and makes a series of specific recommendations for the future.

Author : Gabriel Gorsky,Marsh J. Youngbluth,Donald Deibel
Publisher : Archives contemporaines
Page : 447 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Global environmental change
ISBN : 9782847030297

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Response of Marine Ecosystems to Global Change by Gabriel Gorsky,Marsh J. Youngbluth,Donald Deibel Pdf