The Blackface Minstrel Show In Mass Media

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The Blackface Minstrel Show in Mass Media

Tim Brooks
The Blackface Minstrel Show in Mass Media Book PDF

Author : Tim Brooks
Publisher : McFarland
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2019-11-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781476676760

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The Blackface Minstrel Show in Mass Media by Tim Brooks Pdf

 The minstrel show occupies a complex and controversial space in the history of American popular culture. Today considered a shameful relic of America's racist past, it nonetheless offered many black performers of the 19th and early 20th centuries their only opportunity to succeed in a white-dominated entertainment world, where white performers in blackface had by the 1830s established minstrelsy as an enduringly popular national art form. This book traces the often overlooked history of the "modern" minstrel show through the advent of 20th century mass media--when stars like Al Jolson, Bing Crosby and Mickey Rooney continued a long tradition of affecting black music, dance and theatrical styles for mainly white audiences--to its abrupt end in the 1950s. A companion two-CD reissue of recordings discussed in the book is available from Archeophone Records at www.archeophone.com.

Birth of an Industry

Nicholas Sammond
Birth of an Industry Book PDF

Author : Nicholas Sammond
Publisher : Duke University Press
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2015-08-27
Category : Performing Arts
ISBN : 9780822375784

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Birth of an Industry by Nicholas Sammond Pdf

In Birth of an Industry, Nicholas Sammond describes how popular early American cartoon characters were derived from blackface minstrelsy. He charts the industrialization of animation in the early twentieth century, its representation in the cartoons themselves, and how important blackface minstrels were to that performance, standing in for the frustrations of animation workers. Cherished cartoon characters, such as Mickey Mouse and Felix the Cat, were conceived and developed using blackface minstrelsy's visual and performative conventions: these characters are not like minstrels; they are minstrels. They play out the social, cultural, political, and racial anxieties and desires that link race to the laboring body, just as live minstrel show performers did. Carefully examining how early animation helped to naturalize virulent racial formations, Sammond explores how cartoons used laughter and sentimentality to make those stereotypes seem not only less cruel, but actually pleasurable. Although the visible links between cartoon characters and the minstrel stage faded long ago, Sammond shows how important those links are to thinking about animation then and now, and about how cartoons continue to help to illuminate the central place of race in American cultural and social life.

Men in Blackface

Seymour Stark
Men in Blackface Book PDF

Author : Seymour Stark
Publisher : Xlibris Corporation
Page : 171 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2001-11-07
Category : Performing Arts
ISBN : 9781453582886

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Men in Blackface by Seymour Stark Pdf

Contents The Minstrel Show Will Never Die Jim Crow and Tom Thumb Irishness of it All Irving Berlin Titillates Gershwins Racial Profiling Jews in Blackface Jolson the Shlemiel Strutting to Redemption Endnotes -------------------------------- How New York City, the Birthplace of Blackface, Defined Humor and Race for 100 Years (MIB: 12-17) Jim Crow, a blackface stage character, lends his name to the pernicious practice of racial segregation. Native New Yorker Tom Rice performed "Jim Crow" at the Bowery Theatre in 1832. (MIB: 22-24) Edwin P. Christy established the first permanent minstrel hall at 472 Broadway in New York City in 1847. Christy created the stylized format which endured for 10 decades. Why Irish Americans Wore Blackface (MIB: 18-19) Dan Emmets "Dixie", written as a minstrel tune, became the Confederate anthem. In an earlier minstrel song, Emmett romanticized slavery: "Ill dance all night an work all day." (MIB: 46-48) Ned Harrigan, the grandfather of the Broadway musical, pitted on stage the Irish Mulligan Guard in 1879 against the black (white actors in blackface) Skidmore Guard--"Ten platoons of dandy coons." The Blackface Burden of Jewishness (MIB: 73-78) Irving Berlin, son of a cantor, penned his first "coon song" in 1909, and added eight more to his "coon song" cycle. Berlin staged blackface minstrel shows for the Army in both World War I and World War II. His 1942 film, "Holiday Inn", introduced "White Christmas" and Bing Crosby in blackface. (MIB: 101-138) Al Jolson in blackface made the first talking motion picture in 1927. In each of his eight Hollywood films over two decades, Jolson weaved the theme of Jewishness into the blackface minstrel show. He is the worldwide icon of blackface.

Inside the Minstrel Mask

Annemarie Bean,James V. Hatch,Brooks McNamara
Inside the Minstrel Mask Book PDF

Author : Annemarie Bean,James V. Hatch,Brooks McNamara
Publisher : Wesleyan University Press
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1996-11-29
Category : History
ISBN : 0819563005

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Inside the Minstrel Mask by Annemarie Bean,James V. Hatch,Brooks McNamara Pdf

A sourcebook of contemporary and historical commentary on America's first popular mass entertainment.

Burnt Cork

Stephen Burge Johnson
Burnt Cork Book PDF

Author : Stephen Burge Johnson
Publisher : Univ of Massachusetts Press
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9781558499348

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Burnt Cork by Stephen Burge Johnson Pdf

Beginning in the 1830s and continuing for more than a century, blackface minstrelsy--stage performances that claimed to represent the culture of black Americans--remained arguably the most popular entertainment in North America. A renewed scholarly interest in this contentious form of entertainment has produced studies treating a range of issues: its contradictory depictions of class, race, and gender; its role in the development of racial stereotyping; and its legacy in humor, dance, and music, and in live performance, film, and television. The style and substance of minstrelsy persist in popular music, tap and hip-hop dance, the language of the standup comic, and everyday rituals of contemporary culture. The blackface makeup all but disappeared for a time, though its influence never diminished--and recently, even the makeup has been making a comeback. This collection of original essays brings together a group of prominent scholars of blackface performance to reflect on this complex and troublesome tradition. Essays consider the early relationship of the blackface performer with American politics and the antislavery movement; the relationship of minstrels to the commonplace compromises of the touring "show" business and to the mechanization of the industrial revolution; the exploration and exploitation of blackface in the mass media, by D. W. Griffith and Spike Lee, in early sound animation, and in reality television; and the recent reappropriation of the form at home and abroad. In addition to the editor, contributors include Dale Cockrell, Catherine Cole, Louis Chude-Sokei, W. T. Lhamon, Alice Maurice, Nicholas Sammond, and Linda Williams.

Darkest America: Black Minstrelsy from Slavery to Hip-Hop

Yuval Taylor,Jake Austen
Darkest America Black Minstrelsy from Slavery to Hip Hop Book PDF

Author : Yuval Taylor,Jake Austen
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2012-08-27
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780393083903

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Darkest America: Black Minstrelsy from Slavery to Hip-Hop by Yuval Taylor,Jake Austen Pdf

An exploration and celebration of a controversial tradition that, contrary to popular opinion, is alive and active after more than 150 years. Yuval Taylor and Jake Austen investigate the complex history of black minstrelsy, adopted in the mid-nineteenth century by African American performers who played the grinning blackface fool to entertain black and white audiences. We now consider minstrelsy an embarrassing relic, but once blacks and whites alike saw it as a black art form—and embraced it as such. And, as the authors reveal, black minstrelsy remains deeply relevant to popular black entertainment, particularly in the work of contemporary artists like Dave Chappelle, Flavor Flav, Spike Lee, and Lil Wayne. Darkest America explores the origins, heyday, and present-day manifestations of this tradition, exploding the myth that it was a form of entertainment that whites foisted on blacks, and shining a sure-to-be controversial light on how these incendiary performances can be not only demeaning but also, paradoxically, liberating.

Love & Theft

Eric Lott
Love Theft Book PDF

Author : Eric Lott
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2013-07-10
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9780199361632

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Love & Theft by Eric Lott Pdf

For over two centuries, America has celebrated the same African-American culture it attempts to control and repress, and nowhere is this phenomenon more apparent than in the strange practice of blackface performance. Born of extreme racial and class conflicts, the blackface minstrel show appropriated black dialect, music, and dance; at once applauded and lampooned black culture; and, ironically, contributed to a "blackening of America." Drawing on recent research in cultural studies and social history, Eric Lott examines the role of the blackface minstrel show in the political struggles of the years leading up to the Civil War. Reading minstrel music, lyrics, jokes, burlesque skits, and illustrations in tandem with working-class racial ideologies and the sex/gender system, Love and Theft argues that blackface minstrelsy both embodied and disrupted the racial tendencies of its largely white, male, working-class audiences. Underwritten by envy as well as repulsion, sympathetic identification as well as fear--a dialectic of "love and theft"--the minstrel show continually transgressed the color line even as it enabled the formation of a self-consciously white working class. Lott exposes minstrelsy as a signifier for multiple breaches: the rift between high and low cultures, the commodification of the dispossessed by the empowered, the attraction mixed with guilt of whites caught in the act of cultural thievery. This new edition celebrates the twentieth anniversary of this landmark volume. It features a new foreword by renowned critic Greil Marcus that discusses the book's influence on American cultural studies as well as its relationship to Bob Dylan's 2001 album of the same name, "Love & Theft." In addition, Lott has written a new afterword that extends the study's range to the twenty-first century.

Blacks in Blackface

Henry T. Sampson
Blacks in Blackface Book PDF

Author : Henry T. Sampson
Publisher : Scarecrow Press
Page : 1573 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-30
Category : Performing Arts
ISBN : 9780810883512

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Blacks in Blackface by Henry T. Sampson Pdf

Published in 1980, Blacks in Blackface was the first and most extensive book up to that time to deal exclusively with every aspect of all-African American musical comedies performed on the stage between 1900 and 1940. An invaluable resource for scholars and historians focused on African American culture, this new edition features significantly revised, expanded, and new material. In Blacks in Blackface: A Sourcebook on Early Black Musical Shows, Henry T. Sampson provides an unprecedented wealth of information on legitimate musical comedies, including show synopses, casts, songs, and production credits. Sampson also recounts the struggles of African American performers and producers to overcome the racial prejudice of white show owners, music publishers, theatre managers, and booking agents to achieve adequate financial compensation for their talents and managerial expertise. Black producers and artists competed with white managers who were producing all-Black shows and also with some white entertainers who were performing Black-developed music and dances, often in blackface. The chapters in this volume include: An overview of African American musical shows from the end of the Civil War through the golden years of the 1920s and ’30s New and expanded biographical sketches of performers Detailed information about the first producers and owners of Black minstrel and musical comedy shows Origins and backgrounds of several famous Black theatres Profiles of African American entrepreneurs and businessmen who provided financial resources to build and own many of the Black theatres where these shows were performed A chronicle of booking agencies and organized Black theatrical circuits, music publishing houses, and phonograph recording businesses Critical commentary from African American newspapers and show business publications More than 500 hundred rare photographs A comprehensive volume that covers all aspects of Black musical shows performed in theatres, nightclubs, circuses, and medicine shows, this edition of Blacks in Blackface can be used as a reference for serious scholars and researchers of Black show business in the United States before 1940. More than double the size of the previous edition, this useful resource will also appeal to the casual reader who is interested in learning more about early Black entertainment.

Jim Crow, American

W. T. Lhamon
Jim Crow American Book PDF

Author : W. T. Lhamon
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 0674035933

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Jim Crow, American by W. T. Lhamon Pdf

Jim Crow has long represented America's imperfect union. This edition of the earliest Jim Crow plays and songs presents essential performances assembling backtalk, banter, masquerade, and dance into the diagnostic American style. They celebrate blackness in a Republic that failed to unite until Americans agreed to disagree over Jim Crow's meaning.

Beyond Blackface

William Fitzhugh Brundage
Beyond Blackface Book PDF

Author : William Fitzhugh Brundage
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780807834626

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Beyond Blackface by William Fitzhugh Brundage Pdf

Beyond Blackface

Spirituals and the Birth of a Black Entertainment Industry

Sandra Jean Graham
Spirituals and the Birth of a Black Entertainment Industry Book PDF

Author : Sandra Jean Graham
Publisher : University of Illinois Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2018-02-26
Category : Music
ISBN : 9780252050305

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Spirituals and the Birth of a Black Entertainment Industry by Sandra Jean Graham Pdf

Spirituals performed by jubilee troupes became a sensation in post-Civil War America. First brought to the stage by choral ensembles like the Fisk Jubilee Singers, spirituals anchored a wide range of late nineteenth-century entertainments, including minstrelsy, variety, and plays by both black and white companies. In the first book-length treatment of postbellum spirituals in theatrical entertainments, Sandra Jean Graham mines a trove of resources to chart the spiritual's journey from the private lives of slaves to the concert stage. Graham navigates the conflicting agendas of those who, in adapting spirituals for their own ends, sold conceptions of racial identity to their patrons. In so doing they lay the foundation for a black entertainment industry whose artistic, financial, and cultural practices extended into the twentieth century. A companion website contains jubilee troupe personnel, recordings, and profiles of 85 jubilee groups. Please go to: http://www.press.uillinois.edu/books/graham/spirituals/

Demons of Disorder

Dale Cockrell
Demons of Disorder Book PDF

Author : Dale Cockrell
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 1997-07-28
Category : Drama
ISBN : 0521568285

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Demons of Disorder by Dale Cockrell Pdf

A study of blackface minstrels in the first half of the nineteenth century.

Whiting Up

Marvin Edward McAllister
Whiting Up Book PDF

Author : Marvin Edward McAllister
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780807835081

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Whiting Up by Marvin Edward McAllister Pdf

In the early 1890s, black performer Bob Cole turned blackface minstrelsy on its head with his nationally recognized whiteface creation, a character he called Willie Wayside. Just over a century later, hiphop star Busta Rhymes performed a whiteface superco

Ring Shout, Wheel About

Katrina Dyonne Thompson
Ring Shout Wheel About Book PDF

Author : Katrina Dyonne Thompson
Publisher : University of Illinois Press
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2014-01-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780252096112

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Ring Shout, Wheel About by Katrina Dyonne Thompson Pdf

In this ambitious project, historian Katrina Thompson examines the conceptualization and staging of race through the performance, sometimes coerced, of black dance from the slave ship to the minstrel stage. Drawing on a rich variety of sources, Thompson explicates how black musical performance was used by white Europeans and Americans to justify enslavement, perpetuate the existing racial hierarchy, and mask the brutality of the domestic slave trade. Whether on slave ships, at the auction block, or on plantations, whites often used coerced performances to oppress and demean the enslaved. As Thompson shows, however, blacks' "backstage" use of musical performance often served quite a different purpose. Through creolization and other means, enslaved people preserved some native musical and dance traditions and invented or adopted new traditions that built community and even aided rebellion. Thompson shows how these traditions evolved into nineteenth-century minstrelsy and, ultimately, raises the question of whether today's mass media performances and depictions of African Americans are so very far removed from their troublesome roots.

Lost Sounds

Tim Brooks
Lost Sounds Book PDF

Author : Tim Brooks
Publisher : University of Illinois Press
Page : 656 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2010-10-01
Category : Music
ISBN : 9780252090639

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Lost Sounds by Tim Brooks Pdf

A groundbreaking history of African Americans in the early recording industry, Lost Sounds examines the first three decades of sound recording in the United States, charting the surprising roles black artists played in the period leading up to the Jazz Age and the remarkably wide range of black music and culture they preserved. Drawing on more than thirty years of scholarship, Tim Brooks identifies key black recording artists and profiles forty audio pioneers. Brooks assesses the careers and recordings of George W. Johnson, Bert Williams, George Walker, Noble Sissle, Eubie Blake, the Fisk Jubilee Singers, W. C. Handy, James Reese Europe, Wilbur Sweatman, Harry T. Burleigh, Roland Hayes, Booker T. Washington, and boxing champion Jack Johnson, plus a host of lesser-known voices. Many of these pioneers struggled to be heard in an era of rampant discrimination. Their stories detail the forces––black and white––that gradually allowed African Americans to enter the mainstream entertainment industry. Lost Sounds includes Brooks's selected discography of CD reissues and an appendix by Dick Spottswood describing early recordings by black artists in the Caribbean and South America.