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The landscape of the Calumet, an area that sits astride the Indiana-Illinois state line at the southern end of Lake Michigan was shaped by the glaciers that withdrew toward the end of the last ice age--about 45,000 years ago. In the years since, many natural forces, including wind, running water, and the waves of Lake Michigan, have continued to shape the land. The lake's modern and ancient shorelines have served as Indian trails, stagecoach routes, highways, and sites that have evolved into many of the cities, towns, and villages of the Calumet area. People have also left their mark on the landscape: Indians built mounds; farmers filled in wetlands; governments commissioned ditches and canals to drain marshes and change the direction of rivers; sand was hauled from where it was plentiful to where it was needed for urban and industrial growth. These thousands of years of weather and movements of peoples have given the Calumet region its distinct climate and appeal.
The first Dutch immigration to the Calumet Region took place in the second half of the 19th century. The area settled by the Dutch spans roughly from what today is part of Chicago’s Southside to the western border of Griffith, Indiana, and includes the communities of Roseland, South Holland, Lansing, Munster, and Highland. Once in the region, the Dutch carved communities out of the wilderness by clearing and draining the land and raising large families; descendants of these immigrants still populate the region. Even before the towns existed and on into the 20th century, the Dutch were a community that transcended the borders they established. Evidence of the early settlers is found all around the Calumet Region. It is in the churches they built, the businesses they started, and the loved ones they buried.
Ground-water Quality in the Calumet Region of Northwestern Indiana and Northeastern Illinois, June 1993 by Richard F. Duwelius,Robert T. Kay,Scott T. Prinos Pdf
Ground-Water Quality In The Calumet Region Of Northwestern Indiana and Northeastern Illinois, June 1993, U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4244, 1996 by Anonim Pdf
Once known as the Callimink River by the area's Potawatomi Indians, the Calumet River has been home to swimmers and fishermen, steamboats and canoes, and shipyards and factories for generations. Recreation and industry have coexisted along its banks for decades. Communities along the Calumet River--from South Chicago to northwest Indiana--have long derived their life blood from the river. With abundant wilderness, many recreational activities, and a convenient transportation corridor, the Calumet River has long been an important resource for the communities along its banks. Along the Calumet River presents the history, evolution, and development of the river corridor using over 200 vintage images.
The location of one of the most diverse national parks in the United States, Northwest Indiana’s Calumet area is home to what was at one time widely known as the most polluted river in the entire country. Calumet's advantageous location at the southern tip of Lake Michigan encouraged broadscale conversion of Indiana wilderness into an industrial base that once included the world’s largest steel mill, largest cement works, and largest oil refinery. Thousands of tons of hazardous waste were dumped in and around the rivers with no thought for how it would affect the region’s water, land, and air. However, a remarkable change of attitude has resulted in the rejuvenation of an area once rich in natural diversity and the creation of a National Park that brings in more than two million visitors a year, contains beautiful greenways and blueways, and provides safe recreation for nearby residents. A community-wide effort, the cleanup of this area is nothing short of remarkable. In this Indiana bicentennial book, Ken Schoon introduces the reader to the Calumet area’s unique history and the residents who banded together to save it.
Cialdella found himself drawn to the Calumet Region of his youth for a photographic exploration that has lasted more than twenty years, and that has resulted in hundreds of rich and complex works.
The Calumet Region Historical Guide; Containing the Early History of the Region as Well as the Contemporary Scene Within the Cities of Gary, Hammond, by Various Pdf
The Calumet Region Historical Guide; Containing The Early History Of The Region As Well As The Contemporary Scene Within The Cities Of Gary, Hammond, East Chicago (Including Indiana Harbor), And Whiting. PREFACE This Guide is one of a series of guidebooks to states, cities, and metropolitan areas compiled by the Writers Program, Work Projects Administration. A special unit of field workers and editors under the supervision of the editorial staff of the State office of the Indiana Writers Project, for more than a year has been collecting, writing, and editing the material contained herein. Headquarters for the work has been the Gary Commercial CIub and Chamber of Commerce, Gary, Indiana. Fringing the southern tip of Lake Michigan in northwest Indiana is an arc of land about 16 miles long, and at most, ten miles wide. Within this arc is a grouping of four industrial cities Gary, Hamrnond, East Chicago including Indiana Harbor, and Whiting. The area, through local usage, is known as the Calumet Region. The term Calumet Region, as used in the title of this book, has been arbitrarily circumscribed to mean these four cities and their immediate environs. The term is not susceptible of precise definition. Popular usages vary in their geographical delimitation of the region. Thus there are some who hold it to embrace all the territory lying contiguous to the southerly shore of Lake Michigan from St. Joseph, on the eastern coast, to Waukegan, on the western, as far south as the basin of the Kankakee River. Others restrict it to the Lake Michigan litter01 from South Chicago included to and embracing Michigan City, with a southerly extension ro the Little Calurnet River, For the purpose of this guidebook it has been thought advisable to fix the western limit as the Illinois-Indiana State boundary, co-terminous with the western boundary of Hammond, and the eastern as the easterly line of the Indiana Dunes State Park. The southern line of the region has been set as the southernmost point in the city of Gaty, about ten miles from the southern tip of Lake Michigan. Numerous towns, hamlets, and points of interest are treated as environs. Because of its industrial and commercial eminence and the resultant wholly industrial cities, the Calumet Region dramatically illustrates the industrial age-the twentieth century. This region, within a few miles of the eastern city limits of Chicago, lay dormant during the nineteenth century waiting for electricity and the machine age to give ir life...