The Chemical Century

Author : Richard J. Sundberg
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 744 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2017-03-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781771883672

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The Chemical Century by Richard J. Sundberg Pdf

This fascinating new volume provides a comprehensive yet concise overview of the chemical aspects of some of the major innovations and changes that occurred during the 20th century, relating chemical structures and properties to real-life applications. Developed for a course taught by the author for several years at UVA, the author covers the important and consequential developments in chemistry and explains their everyday, real-life applications. These include such topics as consumer products, fossil fuel use, polymers, agriculture, food production, nutrition, explosives, and drugs. The section Molecular Biology and Its Applications includes examples of the application of biotechnology and genetic engineering.

Author : John Lesch
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 492 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2000-08-31
Category : History
ISBN : 0792364872

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The German Chemical Industry in the Twentieth Century by John Lesch Pdf

In the twentieth century, dyes, pharmaceuticals, photographic products, explosives, insecticides, fertilizers, synthetic rubber, fuels, and fibers, plastics, and other products have flowed out of the chemical industry and into the consumer economies, war machines, farms, and medical practices of industrial societies. The German chemical industry has been a major site for the development and application of the science-based technologies that gave rise to these products, and has had an important role as exemplar, stimulus, and competitor in the international chemical industry. This volume explores the German chemical industry's scientific and technological dimension, its international connections, and its development after 1945. The authors relate scientific and technological change in the industry to evolving German political and economic circumstances, including two world wars, the rise and fall of National Socialism, the post-war division of Germany, and the emergence of a global economy. This book will be of interest to historians of modern Germany, to historians of science and technology, and to business and economic historians.

Author : Alfred D. Chandler Jr.
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 379 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2009-07-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780674029378

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Shaping the Industrial Century by Alfred D. Chandler Jr. Pdf

The dean of business historians continues his masterful chronicle of the transforming revolutions of the twentieth century begun in Inventing the Electronic Century. Alfred Chandler argues that only with consistent attention to research and development and an emphasis on long-term corporate strategies could firms remain successful over time. He details these processes for nearly every major chemical and pharmaceutical firm, demonstrating why some companies forged ahead while others failed. By the end of World War II, the chemical and pharmaceutical industries were transformed by the commercializing of new learning, the petrochemical and the antibiotic revolutions. But by the 1970s, chemical science was no longer providing the new learning necessary to commercialize more products, although new directions flourished in the pharmaceutical industries. In the 1980s, major drug companies, including Eli Lilly, Merck, and Schering Plough, commercialized the first biotechnology products, and as the twenty-first century began, the infrastructure of this biotechnology revolution was comparable to that of the second industrial revolution just before World War I and the information revolution of the 1960s. Shaping the Industrial Century is a major contribution to our understanding of the most dynamic industries of the modern era.

Author : Ehud Keinan,Israel Schechter
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2001-02-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 3527302352

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Chemistry for the 21st Century by Ehud Keinan,Israel Schechter Pdf

Here, numerous winners of the Wolf prize from all chemical disciplines provide an overview of the new ideas and approaches that will shape this dynamic science over the forthcoming decades and so will have a decisive influence on our living conditions. This glimpse of the future is naturally based on the findings granted us by the rapid increase in chemical research during the 20th century. It may be said that a silent "revolution" took place, the positive results of which are still not fully predicted. For example, chemists in research laboratories nowadays are able to develop drugs in increasingly short times to treat diseases once thought incurable. They can design new materials that withstand extreme conditions, and predict the properties of compounds that no one has even seen yet. In this exceptional book those breakthroughs of modern chemistry are illustrated and explained by leading scientists. It stems from the high-quality papers given at the prestigious ceremony to accompany the presentation of the 20th Wolf Prize. It is an extraordinary source for every chemist in industry and academia to get an overview of the highlights of modern chemistry.

Author : Wiliam A. Tilden
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 620 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2018-08-17
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780429867668

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Chemical Discovery and Invention in the Twentieth Century by Wiliam A. Tilden Pdf

First published in 1919. Tilden discusses a compilation of chemical discovery and invention to demonstrate the progress of chemistry in the early 20th century. Divided into 5 sections, chemical laboratories and the work done in them, modern discoveries and theories, modern applications of chemistry, and modern progress in organic chemistry, the author presents an overview of the subject. The final section of the book contains an account of important discoveries which find practical applications and provide new views of the constitution of the world in which we live.

Author : Carsten Reinhardt
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2008-09-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783527612741

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Chemical Sciences in the 20th Century by Carsten Reinhardt Pdf

Chemistry in the last century was characterized by spectacular growth and advances, stimulated by revolutionary theories and experimental breakthroughs. Yet, despite this rapid development, the history of this scientific discipline has achieved only recently the status necessary to understand the effects of chemistry on the scientific and technological culture of the modern world. This book addresses the bridging of boundaries between chemistry and the other "classical" disciplines of science, physics and biology as well as the connections of chemistry to mathematics and technology. Chemical research is represented as an interconnected patchwork of scientific specialties, and this is shown by a mixture of case studies and broader overviews on the history of organic chemistry, theoretical chemistry, nuclear- and cosmochemistry, solid state chemistry, and biotechnology. All of these fields were at the center of the development of twentieth century chemistry, and the authors cover crucial topics such as the emergence of new subdisciplines and research fields, the science-technology relationship, and national styles of scientific work. This monograph represents a unique treasure trove for general historians and historians of science, while also appealing to those interested in the theoretical background and development of modern chemistry.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Committee on Challenges for the Chemical Sciences in the 21st Century
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2003-03-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309168397

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Beyond the Molecular Frontier by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Committee on Challenges for the Chemical Sciences in the 21st Century Pdf

Chemistry and chemical engineering have changed significantly in the last decade. They have broadened their scopeâ€"into biology, nanotechnology, materials science, computation, and advanced methods of process systems engineering and controlâ€"so much that the programs in most chemistry and chemical engineering departments now barely resemble the classical notion of chemistry. Beyond the Molecular Frontier brings together research, discovery, and invention across the entire spectrum of the chemical sciencesâ€"from fundamental, molecular-level chemistry to large-scale chemical processing technology. This reflects the way the field has evolved, the synergy at universities between research and education in chemistry and chemical engineering, and the way chemists and chemical engineers work together in industry. The astonishing developments in science and engineering during the 20th century have made it possible to dream of new goals that might previously have been considered unthinkable. This book identifies the key opportunities and challenges for the chemical sciences, from basic research to societal needs and from terrorism defense to environmental protection, and it looks at the ways in which chemists and chemical engineers can work together to contribute to an improved future.

Author : Edward Frankland Armstrong
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1924
Category : Chemistry
ISBN : LCCN:lc24023051

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Chemistry in the Twentieth Century by Edward Frankland Armstrong Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Committee on Challenges for the Chemical Sciences in the 21st Century,Organizing Committee for the Workshop on Information and Communications
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2003-11-28
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780309087216

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Information and Communications by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Committee on Challenges for the Chemical Sciences in the 21st Century,Organizing Committee for the Workshop on Information and Communications Pdf

Since publication of the National Research Council (NRC) reports on chemistry in 1985 and chemical engineering in 1988,1,2 dramatic advances in information technology (IT) have totally changed these communities. During this period, the chemical enterprise and information technology have enjoyed both a remarkably productive and mutually supportive set of advances. These synergies sparked unprecedented growth in the capability and productivity of both fields including the definition of entirely new areas of the chemical enterprise. The chemical enterprise provided information technology with device fabrication processes, new materials, data, models, methods, and (most importantly) people. In turn, information technology provided chemical science and technology with truly remarkable and revolutionary resources for computations, communications, and data management. Indeed, computation has become the strong third component of the chemical science research and development effort, joining experiment and theory. Sustained mutual growth and interdependence of the chemical and information communities should take account of several unique aspects of the chemical sciences. These include extensive and complex databases that characterize the chemical disciplines; the importance of multiscale simulations that range from molecules to technological processes; the global economic impact of the chemical industry; and the industry's major influence on the nation's health, environment, security, and economic well-being. In planning the future of the chemical sciences and technology, it is crucial to recognize the benefits already derived from advances in information technology as well as to point the way to future benefits that will be derived.

Author : Balazs Hargittai,István Hargittai
Publisher : Springer
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2015-04-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781489975652

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Culture of Chemistry by Balazs Hargittai,István Hargittai Pdf

Includes specially selected articles that previously appeared in The Chemical Intelligencer magazine published (1995-2000). Excerpts of these Editor's choice chapters chronicle the culture and history of chemistry, featuring great chemists and discoverers. Contributors from among the best-known authors of the chemistry community, including numerous Nobel laureates. Features behind the scenes stories about pivotal discoveries, intricacies of laboratory life and interactions among scientists, favorite recipes of renowned researchers, life histories and anecdotes. Chapters detail the human side of science but also present scientific information communicated in an easy-to-perceive and entertaining way. This unique book is not only aimed at chemists but individuals who are interested in the cultural aspects of our science.

Author : John E. Lesch
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 474 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9789401593779

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The German Chemical Industry in the Twentieth Century by John E. Lesch Pdf

In the twentieth century, dyes, pharmaceuticals, photographic products, explosives, insecticides, fertilizers, synthetic rubber, fuels, and fibers, plastics, and other products have flowed out of the chemical industry and into the consumer economies, war machines, farms, and medical practices of industrial societies. The German chemical industry has been a major site for the development and application of the science-based technologies that gave rise to these products, and has had an important role as exemplar, stimulus, and competitor in the international chemical industry. This volume explores the German chemical industry's scientific and technological dimension, its international connections, and its development after 1945. The authors relate scientific and technological change in the industry to evolving German political and economic circumstances, including two world wars, the rise and fall of National Socialism, the post-war division of Germany, and the emergence of a global economy. This book will be of interest to historians of modern Germany, to historians of science and technology, and to business and economic historians.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Committee on Challenges for the Chemical Sciences in the 21st Century
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2003-04-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309084772

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Beyond the Molecular Frontier by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Committee on Challenges for the Chemical Sciences in the 21st Century Pdf

Chemistry and chemical engineering have changed significantly in the last decade. They have broadened their scopeâ€"into biology, nanotechnology, materials science, computation, and advanced methods of process systems engineering and controlâ€"so much that the programs in most chemistry and chemical engineering departments now barely resemble the classical notion of chemistry. Beyond the Molecular Frontier brings together research, discovery, and invention across the entire spectrum of the chemical sciencesâ€"from fundamental, molecular-level chemistry to large-scale chemical processing technology. This reflects the way the field has evolved, the synergy at universities between research and education in chemistry and chemical engineering, and the way chemists and chemical engineers work together in industry. The astonishing developments in science and engineering during the 20th century have made it possible to dream of new goals that might previously have been considered unthinkable. This book identifies the key opportunities and challenges for the chemical sciences, from basic research to societal needs and from terrorism defense to environmental protection, and it looks at the ways in which chemists and chemical engineers can work together to contribute to an improved future.

Author : John G McEvoy
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2015-10-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9781317324010

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The Historiography of the Chemical Revolution by John G McEvoy Pdf

This study offers a critical survey of past and present interpretations of the Chemical Revolution designed to lend clarity and direction to the current ferment of views.

Author : American Chemical Society
Publisher : Springer
Page : 482 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015013914422

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A Century of Chemical Engineering by American Chemical Society Pdf

Author : Marelene F. Rayner-Canham,Geoffrey Rayner-Canham
Publisher : Chemical Heritage Foundation
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 0941901270

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Women in Chemistry by Marelene F. Rayner-Canham,Geoffrey Rayner-Canham Pdf

Though rarely noted, women have been active participants in the chemical sciences since the beginning of recorded history. This thought-provoking book brings to life the many talented women who--besides the universally respected Marie Curie--made significant contributions to chemistry. The Rayner-Canhams examine the forces that have defined women's roles in the progress of chemistry, observing that many were thwarted from capitalizing on their achievements by the prejudices of their time. Their book discusses women chemists from as far past as the Babylonian civilization but focuses on professional women chemists from the mid-19th century, when women gained access to higher education. Read this book and learn about the chemist-assistants of the French salons, about independent researchers in the 19th century, about the three disciplinary havens for women in the 20th century, about how war helped bring women into the chemical industry--and much more!