The Chemical Weapons Taboo

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The Chemical Weapons Taboo

Author : Richard M. Price
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2018-09-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781501729546

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The Chemical Weapons Taboo by Richard M. Price Pdf

Richard M. Price asks why, among all the ominous technologies of weaponry throughout the history of warfare, chemical weapons carry a special moral stigma. Something more seems to be at work than the predictable resistance people have expressed to any new weaponry, from the crossbow to nuclear bombs. Perceptions of chemical warfare as particularly abhorrent have been successfully institutionalized in international proscriptions and, Price suggests, understanding the sources of this success might shed light on other efforts at arms control.To explore the origins and meaning of the chemical weapons taboo, Price presents a series of case studies from World War I through the Gulf War of 1990–1991. He traces the moral arguments against gas warfare from the Hague Conferences at the turn of the century through negotiations for the Chemical Weapons Convention of 1993. From the Italian invasion of Ethiopia to the war between Iran and Iraq, chemical weapons have been condemned as the "poor man's bomb." Drawing upon insights from Michel Foucault to explain the role of moral norms in an international arena rarely sensitive to such pressures, he focuses on the construction of and mutations in the refusal to condone chemical weapons.

Syria and the Chemical Weapons Taboo

Author : Michelle Bentley
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 179 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1526104717

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Syria and the Chemical Weapons Taboo by Michelle Bentley Pdf

Focusing on the Syria crisis, this book challenges the arguments in favour of the chemical weapons taboo, demonstrating how it can exacerbate a conflict.

War of Nerves

Author : Jonathan Tucker
Publisher : Anchor
Page : 466 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2007-12-18
Category : History
ISBN : 9780307430106

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War of Nerves by Jonathan Tucker Pdf

In this important and revelatory book, Jonathan Tucker, a leading expert on chemical and biological weapons, chronicles the lethal history of chemical warfare from World War I to the present. At the turn of the twentieth century, the rise of synthetic chemistry made the large-scale use of toxic chemicals on the battlefield both feasible and cheap. Tucker explores the long debate over the military utility and morality of chemical warfare, from the first chlorine gas attack at Ypres in 1915 to Hitler’s reluctance to use nerve agents (he believed, incorrectly, that the U.S. could retaliate in kind) to Saddam Hussein’s gassing of his own people, and concludes with the emergent threat of chemical terrorism. Moving beyond history to the twenty-first century, War of Nerves makes clear that we are at a crossroads that could lead either to the further spread of these weapons or to their ultimate abolition.

A Strange and Formidable Weapon

Author : Marion Girard
Publisher : U of Nebraska Press
Page : 293 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2008-06-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780803222236

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A Strange and Formidable Weapon by Marion Girard Pdf

The advent of poison gas in World War I shocked Britons at all levels of society, yet by the end of the conflict their nation was a leader in chemical warfare. Although never used on the home front, poison gas affected almost every segment of British society physically, mentally, or emotionally, proving to be an armament of total war. Through cartoons, military records, novels, treaties, and other sources, Marion Girard examines the varied ways different sectors of British society viewed chemical warfare, from the industrialists who promoted their toxic weapons while maintaining private control of production,øto the politicians who used gas while balancing the need for victory with the risk of developing a reputation for barbarity. Although most Britons considered gas a vile weapon and a symptom of the enemy?s inhumanity, many eventually condoned its use. ø The public debates about the future of gas extended to the interwar years, and evidence reveals that the taboo against poison gas was far from inevitable. A Strange and Formidable Weapon uncovers the complicated history of this weapon of total war and illustrates the widening involvement of society in warfare.

The Taboo of Chemical and Biological Weapons

Author : Catherine Jefferson,University of Sussex. School of Business, Management and Economics. SPRU.
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:847354861

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The Taboo of Chemical and Biological Weapons by Catherine Jefferson,University of Sussex. School of Business, Management and Economics. SPRU. Pdf

Syria and the chemical weapons taboo

Author : Michelle Bentley
Publisher : Manchester University Press
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2016-09-26
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781526104748

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Syria and the chemical weapons taboo by Michelle Bentley Pdf

This book analyses the Syria crisis and the role of chemical weapons in relation to US foreign policy. The Syrian government's use of such weapons and their subsequent elimination has dominated the US response to the conflict, where these are viewed as particularly horrific arms - a repulsion known as the chemical taboo. On the surface, this would seem to be an appropriate reaction: these are nasty weapons and eradicating them would ostensibly comprise a 'good' move. But this book reveals two new aspects of the taboo that challenge this prevailing view. First, actors use the taboo strategically to advance their own self-interested policy objectives. Second, that applying the taboo to Syria has actually exacerbated the crisis. As such, this book not only provides a timely analysis of Syria, but also a major and original rethink of the chemical taboo, as well as international norms more widely.

A Genealogy of the Chemical Weapons Taboo

Author : Richard MacKay Price
Publisher : Ann Arbor, Mich. : University Microfilms International
Page : 680 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Chemical arms control
ISBN : OCLC:34219944

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A Genealogy of the Chemical Weapons Taboo by Richard MacKay Price Pdf

The Nuclear Taboo

Author : Nina Tannenwald
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2007-12-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0521524288

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The Nuclear Taboo by Nina Tannenwald Pdf

Why have nuclear weapons not been used since Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945? Nina Tannenwald disputes the conventional answer of 'deterrence' in favour of what she calls a nuclear taboo - a widespread inhibition on using nuclear weapons - which has arisen in global politics. Drawing on newly released archival sources, Tannenwald traces the rise of the nuclear taboo, the forces that produced it, and its influence, particularly on US leaders. She analyzes four critical instances where US leaders considered using nuclear weapons (Japan 1945, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, and the Gulf War 1991) and examines how the nuclear taboo has repeatedly dissuaded US and other world leaders from resorting to these 'ultimate weapons'. Through a systematic analysis, Tannenwald challenges conventional conceptions of deterrence and offers a compelling argument on the moral bases of nuclear restraint as well as an important insight into how nuclear war can be avoided in the future.

Ethics and Weapons of Mass Destruction

Author : Sohail H. Hashmi,Steven Lee,Steven P. Lee
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 558 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2004-07-19
Category : History
ISBN : 0521545269

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Ethics and Weapons of Mass Destruction by Sohail H. Hashmi,Steven Lee,Steven P. Lee Pdf

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Toxic Terror

Author : Jonathan B. Tucker
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2000-02-28
Category : History
ISBN : 0262700719

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Toxic Terror by Jonathan B. Tucker Pdf

In-depth case studies of twelve terrorist groups and individuals who, from 1946 to 1998, allegedly acquired or employed CBW agents. Policymakers, scholars, and the news media have been alarmed by the potential for chemical and biological weapons (CBW) terrorism, and the U.S. Congress has allocated billions of dollars for counterterrorism and "consequence management" programs. Driving these concerns are the global spread of scientific knowledge and technology relevant to CBW terrorism and the vulnerability of civilian populations to chemical and biological attacks. Notably lacking from the analysis, however, has been a careful assessment of the terrorists themselves. What types of terrorist groups or individuals are both capable of acquiring chemical and biological weapons and motivated to use them, and for what purposes? Further, what types of toxic agents would probably be produced, and how would they be delivered? Answers to these questions would enable policymakers to prepare for the most likely contingencies. To this end, Toxic Terror provides in-depth case studies of twelve terrorist groups and individuals who, from 1946 to 1998, allegedly acquired or employed CBW agents. The cases were researched from primary sources, including court documents, interviews, and declassified government files. By comparing the twelve cases, the book identifies characteristic motivations and patterns of behavior associated with CBW terrorism and provides an empirical basis for prudent, cost-effective strategies of prevention and response.

Tempting Fate

Author : Paul C. Avey
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2019-11-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781501740398

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Tempting Fate by Paul C. Avey Pdf

Why would countries without nuclear weapons even think about fighting nuclear-armed opponents? A simple answer is that no one believes nuclear weapons will be used. But that answer fails to consider why nonnuclear state leaders would believe that in the first place. In this superb unpacking of the dynamics of conflict under conditions of nuclear monopoly, Paul C. Avey argues that the costs and benefits of using nuclear weapons create openings that weak nonnuclear actors can exploit. Tempting Fate uses four case studies to show the key strategies available to nonnuclear states: Iraqi decision-making under Saddam Hussein in confrontations with the United States; Egyptian leaders' thinking about the Israeli nuclear arsenal during wars in 1969–70 and 1973; Chinese confrontations with the United States in 1950, 1954, and 1958; and a dispute that never escalated to war, the Soviet-United States tensions between 1946 and 1948 that culminated in the Berlin Blockade. Those strategies include limiting the scope of the conflict, holding chemical and biological weapons in reserve, seeking outside support, and leveraging international non-use norms. Counterintuitively, conventionally weak nonnuclear states are better positioned to pursue these strategies than strong ones, so that wars are unlikely when the nonnuclear state is powerful relative to its nuclear opponent. Avey demonstrates clearly that nuclear weapons cast a definite but limited shadow, and while the world continues to face various nuclear challenges, understanding conflict in nuclear monopoly will remain a pressing concern for analysts and policymakers.

One Hundred Years of Chemical Warfare: Research, Deployment, Consequences

Author : Bretislav Friedrich,Dieter Hoffmann,Jürgen Renn,Florian Schmaltz,Martin Wolf
Publisher : Springer
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2017-11-26
Category : History
ISBN : 9783319516646

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One Hundred Years of Chemical Warfare: Research, Deployment, Consequences by Bretislav Friedrich,Dieter Hoffmann,Jürgen Renn,Florian Schmaltz,Martin Wolf Pdf

This book is open access under a CC BY-NC 2.5 license. On April 22, 1915, the German military released 150 tons of chlorine gas at Ypres, Belgium. Carried by a long-awaited wind, the chlorine cloud passed within a few minutes through the British and French trenches, leaving behind at least 1,000 dead and 4,000 injured. This chemical attack, which amounted to the first use of a weapon of mass destruction, marks a turning point in world history. The preparation as well as the execution of the gas attack was orchestrated by Fritz Haber, the director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry in Berlin-Dahlem. During World War I, Haber transformed his research institute into a center for the development of chemical weapons (and of the means of protection against them). Bretislav Friedrich and Martin Wolf (Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, the successor institution of Haber’s institute) together with Dieter Hoffmann, Jürgen Renn, and Florian Schmaltz (Max Planck Institute for the History of Science) organized an international symposium to commemorate the centenary of the infamous chemical attack. The symposium examined crucial facets of chemical warfare from the first research on and deployment of chemical weapons in WWI to the development and use of chemical warfare during the century hence. The focus was on scientific, ethical, legal, and political issues of chemical weapons research and deployment — including the issue of dual use — as well as the ongoing effort to control the possession of chemical weapons and to ultimately achieve their elimination. The volume consists of papers presented at the symposium and supplemented by additional articles that together cover key aspects of chemical warfare from 22 April 1915 until the summer of 2015.

The Chemical Weapons Convention

Author : Walter Krutzsch,Eric Myjer,Jonathan Herbach,Ralf Trapp
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 763 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : History
ISBN : 9780199669110

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The Chemical Weapons Convention by Walter Krutzsch,Eric Myjer,Jonathan Herbach,Ralf Trapp Pdf

The Chemical Weapons Convention is one of the cornerstone disarmament and arms control agreements, and the only global and comprehensive disarmament treaty that is being verified by an international agency. This Commentary assesses the provisions of the Convention and its implementation, with cross-cutting chapters providing a broader analysis.

A History of Chemical Warfare

Author : K. Coleman
Publisher : Springer
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2005-05-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780230501836

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A History of Chemical Warfare by K. Coleman Pdf

This book provides an analysis of the development and deployment of chemical weapons from 700BC to the present day. The First World War is examined in detail since it remains the most significant experience of the chemical threat, but the Second World War, and post-war conflicts are also evaluated. Additionally, protocols attempting to control the proliferation and use of chemical weapons are assessed. Finally, the book examines the threat (real and imagined) from a chemical warfare attack today by rationally assessing to what extent terrorist groups around the world are capable of making and using such weapons.

The Tradition of Non-Use of Nuclear Weapons

Author : T.V. Paul
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2009-01-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780804761314

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The Tradition of Non-Use of Nuclear Weapons by T.V. Paul Pdf

An exploration of the rise, persistence, and impact of the tradition of non-use of nuclear weapons followed by nuclear powers for well over sixty years.