The Design Of Incentives For Health Care Providers In Developing Countries

Author : Jeffrey S. Hammer,William Jack
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 22 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Medical care
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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The Design of Incentives for Health Care Providers in Developing Countries by Jeffrey S. Hammer,William Jack Pdf

Whatever the theoretical attractiveness of certain policy options, the fact that public employees are people who make independent decisions about their careers and lifestyles can set bounds on how well government agencies can deliver promised services, such as universal health care, including in rural areas. Hammer and Jack examine the design and limitations of incentives for health care providers to serve in rural areas in developing countries. Governments face two problems: it is costly to compensate well-trained urban physicians enough to relocate to rural areas, and it is difficult to ensure quality care when monitoring performance is costly or impossible.

Author : Hammer
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1404767273

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The Design of Incentives for Health Care Providers in Developing Countries by Hammer Pdf

Author : Jeffrey S. Hammer
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 17 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1290704735

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The Design of Incentives for Health Care Providers in Developing Countries by Jeffrey S. Hammer Pdf

Whatever the theoretical attractiveness of certain policy options, the fact that public employees are people who make independent decisions about their careers and lifestyles can set bounds on how well government agencies can deliver promised services, such as universal health care, including in rural areas. Hammer and Jack examine the design and limitations of incentives for health care providers to serve in rural areas in developing countries. Governments face two problems: It is costly to compensate well-trained urban physicians enough to relocate to rural areas, and it is difficult to ensure quality care when monitoring performance is costly or impossible.The goal of providing universal primary health care has been hard to meet, in part because of the difficulty of staffing rural medical posts with conscientious caregivers. The problem is providing physicians with incentives at a reasonable cost. Governments are often unable to purchase medical services of adequate quality even from civil servants. Using simple microeconomic models of contracts and competition, Hammer and Jack examine questions about:The design of rural service requirements and options for newly trained physicians.The impact of local competition on the desirable level of training for new doctors.The incentive power that can be reasonably expected from explicit contracts.One problem a government faces is choosing how much training to give physicians it wants to send to rural areas. Training is costly, and a physician relocated to the countryside is outside the government's direct control. Should rural doctors face a ceiling on the prices they charge patients? Can it be enforced?Hammer and Jack discuss factors to consider in determining how to pay rural medical workers but conclude that we might have to set realistic bounds on our expectations about delivering certain kinds of services. If we can identify reasons why the best that can be expected is not particularly good, it might lead us to explore entirely different policy systems. Maybe it is too hard to run certain decentralized systems. Maybe we should focus on less ambitious but more readily achievable goals, such as providing basic infrastructure.This paper - a product of Public Economics, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to analyze service delivery in the social sectors.

Author : Jeffrey Hammer
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:913716229

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The Design of Incentives for Health Care Providers in Developing Countries: Contracts, Competition, and Cost Control by Jeffrey Hammer Pdf

February 2001 Whatever the theoretical attractiveness of certain policy options, the fact that public employees are people who make independent decisions about their careers and lifestyles can set bounds on how well government agencies can deliver promised services, such as universal health care, including in rural areas. Hammer and Jack examine the design and limitations of incentives for health care providers to serve in rural areas in developing countries. Governments face two problems: it is costly to compensate well-trained urban physicians enough to relocate to rural areas, and it is difficult to ensure quality care when monitoring performance is costly or impossible. The goal of providing universal primary health care has been hard to meet, in part because of the difficulty of staffing rural medical posts with conscientious caregivers. The problem is providing physicians with incentives at a reasonable cost. Governments are often unable to purchase medical services of adequate quality even from civil servants. Using simple microeconomic models of contracts and competition, Hammer and Jack examine questions about: * The design of rural service requirements and options for newly trained physicians. * The impact of local competition on the desirable level of training for new doctors. * The incentive power that can be reasonably expected from explicit contracts. One problem a government faces is choosing how much training to give physicians it wants to send to rural areas. Training is costly, and a physician relocated to the countryside is outside the government's direct control. Should rural doctors face a ceiling on the prices they charge patients? Can it be enforced? Hammer and Jack discuss factors to consider in determining how to pay rural medical workers but conclude that we might have to set realistic bounds on our expectations about delivering certain kinds of services. If we can identify reasons why the best that can be expected is not particularly good, it might lead us to explore entirely different policy systems. Maybe it is too hard to run certain decentralized systems. Maybe we should focus on less ambitious but more readily achievable goals, such as providing basic infrastructure. This paper--a product of Public Economics, Development Research Group--is part of a larger effort in the group to analyze service delivery in the social sectors. The authors may be contacted at [email protected] or [email protected].

Author : Rena Eichler,Ruth Levine
Publisher : CGD Books
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781933286297

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Performance Incentives for Global Health by Rena Eichler,Ruth Levine Pdf

Health systems in most low-income countries are under-resourced and underused, failing to meet the needs of those who need health care the most. But what if health service providers-or even patients-were rewarded partially on the basis of their performance? Based on a review of experiences to date, the authors of this volume argue that performance incentives have great potential to improve health care for the world's poor. They are one way to use funding dedicated to individual diseases or interventions to strengthen core health system functions. In Part I, Eichler and Levine provide clear guidance about how to design, implement, and evaluate such programs, whether they target health care providers, patients, or both. Part II comprises a set of case studies that examine the use of such incentives to address a range of health conditions and challenges in diverse countries. Performance Incentives for Global Health: Potential and Pitfalls will help policymakers and program managers in developing countries and in the donor community improve health care systems through the strategic use of performance incentives. Book jacket.

Author : Varun Gauri
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 21 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Atencion de la salud
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Are Incentives Everything? by Varun Gauri Pdf

This paper assesses the extent to which provider payment mechanisms can help developing countries address their leading health care problems. It first identifies four key problems in the health care systems in developing countries: 1) public facilities, which provide the bulk of secondary and tertiary health care services in most countries, offer services of poor quality; 2) providers cannot be enticed to rural and urban marginal areas, leaving large segments of the population without adequate access to health care; 3) the composition of health services offered and consumed is sub-optimal; and 4) coordination in the delivery of care, including referrals, second opinions, and teamwork, is inadequate. The paper examines each problem in turn and assesses the extent to which changes in provider payments might address it.

Author : Hossein Jalilian,Vicheth Sen
Publisher : Institute of Southeast Asian
Page : 451 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789814345521

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Improving Health Sector Performance by Hossein Jalilian,Vicheth Sen Pdf

There is growing international evidence that the effectiveness of health services stems primarily from the extent to which the incentives facing providers and consumers are aligned with ""better health"" objectives. Efficiency in health service provision requires that providers and consumers have incentives to use healthcare resources in ways that generate the maximum health gains. Equity in at least one sense requires that consumers requiring the same care are treated equally, irrespective of their ability to pay. Efficiency in the use of health services requires that consumers are knowledgeable about the services on offer and which are most appropriate to their needs. The papers in this volume are selected from an international conference organised by the CDRI, Cambodia, that tried to deal with some of these issues. With participation of international and local experts, it aimed at collecting major experiences and innovative solutions from inside and outside the country to improve health sector performance, with particular focus on institutions, motivations and incentives.

Author : Lowell Eugene Gallaway
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 714 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1968
Category : Economic development
ISBN : OSU:32435066927146

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Reimbursement Incentives for Hospital and Medical Care by Lowell Eugene Gallaway Pdf

Author : Jack Langenbrunner,Cheryl Cashin,Sheila O'Dougherty
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2009-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780821378243

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Designing and Implementing Health Care Provider Payment Systems by Jack Langenbrunner,Cheryl Cashin,Sheila O'Dougherty Pdf

Strategic purchasing of health services involves a continuous search for the best ways to maximize health system performance by deciding which interventions should be purchased, from whom these should be purchased, and how to pay for them. In such an arrangement, the passive cashier is replaced by an intelligent purchaser that can focus scarce resources on existing and emerging priorities rather than continuing entrenched historical spending patterns.Having experimented with different ways of paying providers of health care services, countries increasingly want to know not only what to do when paying providers, but also how to do it, particularly how to design, manage, and implement the transition from current to reformed systems. 'Designing and Implementing Health Care Provider Payment Systems: How-To Manuals' addresses this need.The book has chapters on three of the most effective provider payment systems: primary care per capita (capitation) payment, case-based hospital payment, and hospital global budgets. It also includes a primer on a second policy lever used by purchasers, namely, contracting. This primer can be especially useful with one provider payment method: hospital global budgets. The volume's final chapter provides an outline for designing, launching, and running a health management information system, as well as the necessary infrastructure for strategic purchasing.

Author : Marc J. Roberts
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 345 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780195371505

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Getting Health Reform Right by Marc J. Roberts Pdf

This book provides a multi-disciplinary framework for developing and analyzing health sector reforms, based on the authors' extensive international experience. It offers practical guidance - useful to policymakers, consultants, academics, and students alike - and stresses the need to take account of each country's economic, administrative, and political circumstances. The authors explain how to design effective government interventions in five areas - financing, payment, organization, regulation, and behavior - to improve the performance and equity of health systems around the world.

Author : Alexander S. Preker,April Harding
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 646 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0821344943

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Innovations in Health Service Delivery by Alexander S. Preker,April Harding Pdf

As the largest expenditure category of the health systems in both industrialised and developing countries, hospital care provision has been the focus of reforms over recent decades. This publication reviews recent trends in hospital policy reforms and options around the world; and includes case studies which offer insights into lessons learned. Issues considered include: differences in income levels, cultural settings and market environments; organisational changes such as increased management autonomy and privatisation; the need for parallel reforms and effective evaluation mechanisms.

Author : David W. Dunlop,Jo. M. Martins
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1995-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821332538

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An International Assessment of Health Care Financing by David W. Dunlop,Jo. M. Martins Pdf

World Bank Discussion Paper No. 308. A major obstacle in creating secure banks in transitional economies is the absence of political will and the lack of traditions and techniques for governing and regulating financial intermediaries. This paper provides a comprehensive, annotated model contract for policymakers and bank executives to help them discipline troubled banks.

Author : Daniel Cotlear,Somil Nagpal,Owen Smith,Ajay Tandon,Rafael Cortez
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2015-09-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781464806117

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Going Universal by Daniel Cotlear,Somil Nagpal,Owen Smith,Ajay Tandon,Rafael Cortez Pdf

This book is about 24 developing countries that have embarked on the journey towards universal health coverage (UHC) following a bottom-up approach, with a special focus on the poor and vulnerable, through a systematic data collection that provides practical insights to policymakers and practitioners. Each of the UHC programs analyzed in this book is seeking to overcome the legacy of inequality by tackling both a “financing gap†? and a “provision gap†?: the financing gap (or lower per capita spending on the poor) by spending additional resources in a pro-poor way; the provision gap (or underperformance of service delivery for the poor) by expanding supply and changing incentives in a variety of ways. The prevailing view seems to indicate that UHC require not just more money, but also a focus on changing the rules of the game for spending health system resources. The book does not attempt to identify best practices, but rather aims to help policy makers understand the options they face, and help develop a new operational research agenda. The main chapters are focused on providing a granular understanding of policy design, while the appendixes offer a systematic review of the literature attempting to evaluate UHC program impact on access to services, on financial protection, and on health outcomes.

Author : John S. Akin,Nancy Birdsall,David M. De Ferranti
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 104 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1987-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821309005

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Financing Health Services in Developing Countries by John S. Akin,Nancy Birdsall,David M. De Ferranti Pdf

This report discusses several different approaches that support reforming health care services in developing countries. For some time now, health care services have been supported by government funds. As demands for improving health care services continue to increase additional demands will be placed on governments to respond. This, however, will not be easy. Slow economic growth and record budget deficits in the 1980's have forced reductions in public spending. Alternative approaches to finance health care services are needed. Such possible changes could involve: decentralization of federal government involvement; the promotion of nongovernment involvement; the imposition of user fees; and, establishing health insurance. Finally, the role of the Bank in pursuing new financing strategies is discussed.

Author : Kara Hanson,Dov Chernichovsky
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 361 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2009-06-26
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9781848556645

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Innovations in Health Care Financing in Low and Middle Income Countries by Kara Hanson,Dov Chernichovsky Pdf

Low- and middle-income countries face major challenges to their health systems. These include a high burden of communicable disease and an emerging non-communicable disease burden. This work deals with the elements of health care financing, focusing on middle- and low-income settings.