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Author : Thomas Per Krister Martinsson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9461911114
Author : Thomas Per Krister Martinsson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9461911157
Author : Dante Minniti,Hans-Walter Rix
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 351 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540497394
From June 7-9, 1995, the European Southern Observatory (ESO) and the Max Plank Institut fiir Astrophysik (MPA) jointly held the Workshop on Spiral Galaxies in the Near-IR. This meeting took place at the ESO headquarters in Garching bei Miinchen, Germany. The weather waschanging, with the biergarten closed, but that did not stop 85 people from allover the world from attending the meeting. The three days were intensive, with talks and coffee and posters from 9 am to 6 pm, and very productive indeed for everyone. The topics covered the stellar populations of the Milky Way and other more distant spirals, the role of dust, the dynamics of spiral galaxies, and the nuclear activity seen at near-IR wavelengths. This volume presents the original contributions from the participants, including several papers that review the state-of-the-art knowledge in these various subjects. The editors would like to thank first and foremost Christina Stoffer, for she took care of everything. The meeting would not have been so successful without her expertise and efficiency. We are deeply indebted to the directors of MPA and ESO Science, Simon White and Jacqueline Bergeron, for their support and encouragement. We would also like to thank the other members of the scientific organizing committee: R. Genzel, K. Freeman, A. Moorwood, S. White, M. Rieke and E. Athannasoula, for their advice with the organization of the program. We also thank G. Rieke, R. Genzel, L. Athannasoula, A. Renzini and R.
Author : Barbara Ann Williams
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Galaxies
ISBN : UVA:X001320360
Author : Isaac Shlosman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 534 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2003-10-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521543304
How gas flows and starbursts light up active galaxies.
Author : Marc S Seigar
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2017-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781681746098
How does it happen that billions of stars can cooperate to produce the beautiful spirals that characterize so many galaxies, including ours? This book reviews the history behind the discovery of spiral galaxies and the problems faced when trying to explain the existence of spiral structure within them. In the book, subjects such as galaxy morphology and structure are addressed as well as several models for spiral structure. The evidence in favor or against these models is discussed. The book ends by discussing how spiral structure can be used as a proxy for other properties of spiral galaxies, such as their dark matter content and their central supermassive black hole masses, and why this is important.
Author : David Scott Adler
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 470 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : Artificial clouds
ISBN : UVA:X001728215
Author : Roger John Tayler
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 1993-03-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521367107
Galaxies are large systems of stars, some of which contain interstellar gas and dust. They also contain much invisible matter, which may be in the form of weakly interacting elementary particles. In this introductory textbook, the first chapter introduces the study of galaxies. This is followed by two chapters on observations of galaxies, including our own. There are then three chapters on galactic structure: the manner in which motions of stars determine galactic shape, the determination of galactic masses, and the structure of discs in spirals. Galactic evolution, especially changes in chemical composition over time, is covered. The book concludes with a discussion of the origin of galaxies and their relation to more general questions in cosmology. The book includes mathematical presentation where this enables the discussion to be quantitative.
Author : Gerard Gilmore
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2013-02-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9400756119
This is volume 5 of Planets, Stars and Stellar Systems, a six-volume compendium of modern astronomical research, covering subjects of key interest to the main fields of contemporary astronomy. This volume on “Galactic Structure and Stellar Populations”, edited by Gerard F. Gilmore, presents accessible review chapters on Stellar Populations, Chemical Abundances as Population Tracers, Metal-Poor Stars and the Chemical Enrichment of the Universe, The Stellar and Sub-Stellar Initial Mass Function of Simple and Composite Populations, The Galactic Nucleus, The Galactic Bulge, Open Clusters and Their Role in the Galaxy, Star Counts and the Nature of Galactic Thick Disk, The Infrared Galaxy, Interstellar PAHs and Dust, Galactic Neutral Hydrogen, High-Velocity Clouds, Magnetic Fields in Galaxies, Astrophysics of Galactic Charged Cosmic Rays, Gamma-Ray Emission of Supernova Remnants and the Origin of Galactic Cosmic Rays, Galactic Distance Scales, Globular Cluster Dynamical Evolution, Dynamics of Disks and Warps, Mass Distribution and Rotation Curve in the Galaxy, Dark Matter in the Galactic Dwarf Spheroidal Satellites, and History of Dark Matter in Galaxies. All chapters of the handbook were written by practicing professionals. They include sufficient background material and references to the current literature to allow readers to learn enough about a specialty within astronomy, astrophysics and cosmology to get started on their own practical research projects. In the spirit of the series Stars and Stellar Systems published by Chicago University Press in the 1960s and 1970s, each chapter of Planets, Stars and Stellar Systems can stand on its own as a fundamental review of its respective sub-discipline, and each volume can be used as a textbook or recommended reference work for advanced undergraduate or postgraduate courses. Advanced students and professional astronomers in their roles as both lecturers and researchers will welcome Planets, Stars and Stellar Systems as a comprehensive and pedagogical reference work on astronomy, astrophysics and cosmology.
Author : Jaan Einasto
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 412 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2024-04-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811292156
The concepts of dark matter and the cosmic web are some of the most significant developments in cosmology in the past century. They have decisively changed the classical cosmological paradigm, which was first elaborated upon during the first half of the 20th century but ran into serious problems in the second half. Today, they are integral parts of modern cosmology, which explains everything from the Big Bang to inflation to the large-scale structure of the Universe.Dark Matter and Cosmic Web Story describes the contributions that led to a paradigm shift from the Eastern point of view. It describes the problems with the classical view, the attempts to solve them, the difficulties encountered by those solutions, and the conferences where the merits of the new concepts were debated. Amidst the science, the story of scientific work in a small country occupied by the Soviet Union and the tumultuous events that led to its breakup are detailed as well.The development of cosmology has often treated as a West-East conflict between the American school led by Jim Peebles in Princeton and the Soviet team led by Yakov Zeldovich in Moscow. Actually, the development of ideas was broader, and a certain role played the Tartu team. The Tartu cosmology school was founded by Ernst Öpik and has its own traditions and attitude to science. In the new edition of the book the interplay between three cosmology schools is written in more detail. The recent development of dark matter and cosmic web studies is described, as well as the evolution of global properties of the cosmic web.This book is accompanied by a website which contains additional material: copies of the originals of some crucial papers, astronomical movies, and movies which showcase the private life of the author. In this second edition, two chapters on the statistical description of the cosmic web and its development were added, as well as chapter on the sociology of science. To keep the length of this book reasonable, a lot of reorganisation of the text has been done as well.
Author : Malcolm S. Longair
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 784 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2023-04-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783662658918
Delineating the huge strides taken in cosmology in the past ten years, this much-anticipated second edition of Malcolm Longair's highly appreciated textbook has been extensively and thoroughly updated. It tells the story of modern astrophysical cosmology from the perspective of one of its most important and fundamental problems – how did the galaxies come about? Longair uses this approach to introduce the whole of what may be called "classical cosmology". What’s more, he describes how the study of the origin of galaxies and larger-scale structures in the Universe has provided us with direct information about the physics of the very early Universe.
Author : Jacqueline Mitton,Simon Mitton
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2021-02-11
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780674919198
The first biography of a pioneering scientist who made significant contributions to our understanding of dark matter and championed the advancement of women in science. One of the great lingering mysteries of the universe is dark matter. Scientists are not sure what it is, but most believe it’s out there, and in abundance. The astronomer who finally convinced many of them was Vera Rubin. When Rubin died in 2016, she was regarded as one of the most influential astronomers of her era. Her research on the rotation of spiral galaxies was groundbreaking, and her observations contributed significantly to the confirmation of dark matter, a most notable achievement. In Vera Rubin: A Life, prolific science writers Jacqueline Mitton and Simon Mitton provide a detailed, accessible overview of Rubin’s work, showing how she leveraged immense curiosity, profound intelligence, and novel technologies to help transform our understanding of the cosmos. But Rubin’s impact was not limited to her contributions to scientific knowledge. She also helped to transform scientific practice by promoting the careers of women researchers. Not content to be an inspiration, Rubin was a mentor and a champion. She advocated for hiring women faculty, inviting women speakers to major conferences, and honoring women with awards that were historically the exclusive province of men. Rubin’s papers and correspondence yield vivid insights into her life and work, as she faced down gender discrimination and met the demands of family and research throughout a long and influential career. Deftly written, with both scientific experts and general readers in mind, Vera Rubin is a portrait of a woman with insatiable curiosity about the universe who never stopped asking questions and encouraging other women to do the same.
Author : Sandra M. Faber
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 475 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461247623
It is sometimes said that astronomy is the crossroads of physics. In the same spirit, it can forcefully be argued that galaxies are the crossroads of astronomy. Internal pro ces ses within galaxies involve all of the fundamental components of astrophysics: stellar evolution, star formation, low-density astrophysics, dynamics, hydrodynamics, and high-energy astrophysics. Indeed, one can hardly name an observational datum in any wavelength range on any kind of celestial object that does not provide a useful clue to galaxy formation and evolution. Although internal processes in galaxies until recently occupied most of our attention, we now know that it is also vital to relate galaxies to their environment. How galaxies congregate in larger structures and are in turn influenced by them are crucial questions for galactic evolution. On a grander level we have also come to regard galaxies as the basic building blocks of the universe, the basic units whereby the large scale structure of the universe is apprehended and quantified. On a grander level still, we also believe strongly that galaxies are the direct descendents of early density irregularities in the Big Bang. Galaxy properties are now viewed as providing a crucial constraint on the physics of the Big Bang and a vital link between the macroscopic and microscopic structure of the universe.
Author : Malcolm S. Longair
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 885 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2011-02-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781139494540
Providing students with an in-depth account of the astrophysics of high energy phenomena in the Universe, the third edition of this well-established textbook is ideal for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate courses in high energy astrophysics. Building on the concepts and techniques taught in standard undergraduate courses, this textbook provides the astronomical and astrophysical background for students to explore more advanced topics. Special emphasis is given to the underlying physical principles of high energy astrophysics, helping students understand the essential physics. The third edition has been completely rewritten, consolidating the previous editions into one volume. It covers the most recent discoveries in areas such as gamma-ray bursts, ultra-high energy cosmic rays and ultra-high energy gamma rays. The topics have been rearranged and streamlined to make them more applicable to a wide range of different astrophysical problems.
Author : Frank Hohl
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1970
Category : Galaxies
ISBN : NASA:31769000423643
A computer model for isolated disks of stars is presented and is used to study the self-consistent motion of large numbers of point masses as they move in the plane of the galactic disk. The Control Data 6600 computer system at the Langley Research Center was used to integrate the equations of motion for each star for systems containing from 50,000 to 200,000 stars. Any initially cold balanced disk was found to be violently unstable. A sufficient amount of velocity dispersion will stabilize all small-scale disturbances. However, most disks investigated were found to be unstable against slowly growing long-wavelength modes, and after about two rotations the disks tended to assume a bar-shaped structure. It was also found that the final mass distribution for most disks could be closely approximated by an exponential variation irrespective of the initial mass distribution. To study the development of spiral structure, the model was modified to include a fixed central force similar to that in the Schmidt model of the Galaxy. The mass of the stars in the disk was taken to be from 5 to 50 percent of the total mass of the Galaxy. The evolution of a number of initial distributions of stars was investigated. The results of the calculation gave a velocity dispersion for the disk stars which was about 50 percent larger than the value of about 30 km/sec found from observation of stars in the solar neighborhood. For some of the disks investigated, a pronounced spiral structure remained even after 8.5 rotations.
