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Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 925102488X
Author : Dessalegn Rahmato
Publisher : Codesria
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Social Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105082763397
Author : Idriss Jazairy,Mohiuddin Alamgir,Theresa Panuccio
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 539 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780814737545
Despite almost four decades and billions of dollars in development activities, we are barely in a position to track the changing dynamics of poverty or to define with conviction the processes that entrap the poor in their misery. Accounting for about 90% of global poverty, rural poverty, through transmigration, is also a main contributor to urban poverty. It is in the rural areas of the world where poverty is most severe in human terms, where the hunger, hopelessness, hardship, and despair commonly associated with entrenched poverty are most pronounced, where basic health services, sanitation, educational opportunities, and other common amenities are most lacking. The alleviation of rural poverty is therefore tantamount to the alleviation of global poverty in its entirety. The State of World Rural Poverty offers the first comprehensive look at the economic conditions and prospects of the world's rural poor.
Author : Seepana Prakasam
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Microfinance
ISBN : 9380937768
Author : S. Erappa
Publisher : Discovery Publishing House
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : India
ISBN : 8171413129
Author : Madhur Gautam,Rashid Faruqee
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2016-06-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781464808838
The rural economy in Bangladesh has powerfully advanced economic growth and substantially reduced poverty, especially since 2000, but the remarkable transformation and unprecedented dynamism in rural Bangladesh remain an underexplored, underappreciated, and largely untold story. Dynamics of Rural Growth in Bangladesh: Sustaining Poverty Reduction tells that story and inquires what specific actions Bangladesh might take—given the residual poverty and persistent malnutrition—to accelerate and channel its rural dynamism to sustain the gains in eliminating poverty, achieving shared prosperity, and advancing national aspirations to achieve middle-income status. The central element of this study, undertaken with the Government of Bangladesh Planning Commission to address key questions elicited through extensive consultation, is an empirical analysis that illuminates the underlying dynamics of rural growth, particularly the role of agriculture and its relationship to the nonfarm economy. Using all sources of data available for the macro-, meso-, and microhousehold levels, the analysis provides new evidence on changes in the rural economy and the principal drivers of rural incomes. It also examines market performance for high-value agricultural products and agriculture†“nutrition linkages, based on new surveys and analysis. The resulting evidence, examined in light of the rich knowledge of rural development in Bangladesh, is used to delineate the implications for policy and the strategic priorities for sustaining future rural development, poverty reduction, food security, and nutrition. The effects of policy reforms, changes in technology, and investments in infrastructure and human capital described here, along with the persistent enterprise of rural Bangladeshi households, offer a compelling case study of how mutually reinforcing actions can trigger the highly-sought-after virtuous cycle of rural development. The findings clearly demonstrate the pro-poor nature of agricultural growth and its catalytic role in stimulating the rural nonfarm economy. They show that households have no linear or predictable pathway out of poverty; instead, they wisely employ a combination of farm and nonfarm income strategies to climb out of, and then stay out of, poverty. The results represent a strong contribution to the global thinking on rural transformation and on how agriculture in particular sustains the economic momentum that fosters poverty reduction and more widespread prosperity.
Author : Aasha Kapur Mehta,Shashanka Bhide,Anand Kumar,Amita Shah
Publisher : Springer
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2018-07-31
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789811306778
This book discusses critical policy issues that need to be addressed if India wishes to achieve the SDG 1 based elusive goal of ending poverty in the country. In its nine chapters, it takes the readers through trends and estimates of poverty in India, explains changes in the way it has been measured over time and the factors that lead to persistence of poverty, draws attention to the fact that hunger is both a cause and an effect of poverty and has gender and age dimensions too. The book revisits strategies that were successful in addressing poverty emanating from situations of conflict, presents a discussion on migration as a critical coping mechanism among poor, analyses the links between ill health and poverty as well as education and poverty to draw attention to the policy imperatives that need attention. India’s report card on poverty remains dismal even though there is recognition of the importance of reducing or eliminating or ending it at both national and global levels. Despite rapid economic growth and improvement on a range of development indicators, an unacceptably high proportion of India’s population continues to suffer poverty in multiple dimensions. SDG 1 or “ending poverty in all its forms everywhere” cannot be achieved unless policies and poverty alleviation programmes understand and address chronic poverty and its dynamics. This requires that we estimate and understand the extent of poverty, the factors that lead to people getting stuck in it and the ways this can be addressed. It also requires understanding the dynamic nature of poverty or the fact that many of those who are poor are able to move out of poverty as well as the fact that many others who are not poor become impoverished. These are the issues that are comprehensively examined and addressed in this book. In addition to students, teachers and researchers in the areas of development, economic growth, equity and welfare, the book is also of great interest to policy makers, planners and non‐government agencies who are concerned with understanding and addressing poverty-related issues in the developing countries.
Author : Jahangir Aziz
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Economic development
ISBN : UCSD:31822032032310
Author : Pk. Md. Motiur Rahman,Noriatsu Matsui,Yukio Ikemoto
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 259 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2013-02-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9784431542858
The study of poverty dynamics is important for effective poverty alleviation policies because the changes in income poverty are also accompanied by changes in socioeconomic factors such as literacy, gender parity in school, health care, infant mortality, and asset holdings. In order to examine the dynamics of poverty, information from 1,212 households in 32 rural villages in Bangladesh was collected in December 2004 and December 2009. This book reports the analytical results from quantitative and qualitative surveys from the same households at two points of time, which yielded the panel data for understanding the changes in situations of poverty. Efforts have been made to include the most recent research from diverse disciplines including economics, statistics, anthropology, education, health care, and vulnerability study. Specifically, findings from logistic regression analysis, polychoric principal component analysis, kernel density function, income mobility with the help of the Markov chain model, and child nutrition status from anthropometric measures have been presented. Asset holdings and liabilities of the chronically poor as well as those of three other economic groups (the descending non-poor, the ascending poor, and the non-poor) are analyzed statistically. The degrees of vulnerability to poverty are examined by years of schooling, landholding size, gender of household head, social capital, and occupation. The multiple logistic regression model was used to identify important risk factors for a household’s vulnerability. In 2009, some of the basic characteristics of the chronically poor were: higher percentage and number of female-headed households, higher dependency ratio, lower levels of education, fewer years of schooling, and limited employment. There was a low degree of mobility of households from one poverty status to another in the period 2004-2009, implying that the process of economic development and high economic growth in the macroeconomy during this time failed to improve the poverty situation in rural Bangladesh.
Author : Shahin Yaqub
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 50 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Developing countries
ISBN : STANFORD:36105112310151
Author : Ravi Kanbur,Christiaan Grootaert,Gi-Taik Oh,World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Abstract: August 1995 - In urban areas of Côte d'Ivoire, human capital is the endowment that best explains welfare changes over time. In rural areas, physical capital - especially the amount of land and farm equipment owned - matters most. Empirical investigations of poverty in developing countries tend to focus on the incidence of poverty at a particular point in time. If the incidence of poverty increases, however, there is no information about how many new poor have joined the existing poor and how many people have escaped poverty. Yet this distinction is of crucial policy importance. The chronically poor may need programs to enhance their human and physical capital endowments. Invalids and the very old may need permanent (targeted) transfers. The temporarily poor, on the other hand, may best be helped with programs that complement their own resources and help them bridge a difficult period. Results from analyses of panel surveys show significant mobility into and out of poverty and reveal a dynamism of the poor that policy should stimulate. Understanding what separates chronic from temporary poverty requires knowing which characteristics differentiate those who escape poverty from those who don't. In earlier work, Grootaert, Kanbur, and Oh found that region of residence and socioeconomic status were important factors. In this paper they investigate the role of other household characteristics, especially such asset endowments as human and physical capital, in the case of Côte d'Ivoire. In urban areas of Côte d'Ivoire, human capital is the most important endowment explaining welfare changes over time. Households with well-educated members suffered less loss of welfare than other households. What seems to have mattered, though, is the skills learned through education, not the diplomas obtained. Diplomas may even have worked against some households in having oriented workers too much toward a formal labor market in a time when employment growth came almost entirely from small enterprises. In rural areas, physical capital - especially the amount of land and farm equipment owned - mattered most. Smallholders were more likely to suffer welfare declines. Households with diversified sources of income managed better, especially if they had an important source of nonfarm income. In both rural and urban areas, larger households suffered greater declines in welfare and households that got larger were unable to increase income enough to maintain their former welfare level. Households whose heads worked in the public sector maintained welfare better than other households, a finding that confirms earlier observations. The results also suggest that government policies toward certain regions or types of household can outweigh the effects of household endownments. Surprisingly, migrant non-Ivorian households tended to be better at preventing welfare losses than Ivorian households, while households headed by women did better than those headed by men (after controlling for differences in or changes in endowment). The implications for policymakers? First, education is associated with higher welfare levels and helps people cope better with economic decline. Second, targeting the social safety net to larger households - possibly through the schools, to reach children - is justified in periods of decline. Third, smallholders might be targeted in rural areas, and ways found to encourage diversification of income there. This paper - a joint product of the Social Policy and Resettlement Division, Environment Department, and the Africa Regional Office, Office of the Chief Economist - is the result of a research project on The Dynamics of Poverty: Why Some People Escape Poverty and Others Don't, A Panel Analysis for Côte d'Ivoire (RPO 678-70).
Author : Keijiro Otsuka,Jonna P. Estudillo,Yasuyuki Sawada
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2008-11-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134019434
Although there is much interest in poverty reduction, there are few agreed upon strategies to effectively reduce poverty. In this new book, the editors have gathered together various evidences on poverty dynamics, based on panel data from the last few decades in the Philippines, Thailand, Bangladesh and Tamil Nadu in India, compared with more recent data from sub-Saharan Africa. The major finding of this research project is that rural households in sub-Saharan African are beginning to experience the same pattern of structural change in income composition and poverty reduction that Asian households have experienced in the past 20-25 years. The chapters in the book explore how the spread of Green Revolution has triggered the subsequent transformation of rural economies. Many rural households in Asia have been able to move out of poverty in the presence of increasing scarcity of farmland initially by increasing rice income through the adoption of modern rice technology and gradually diversifying their income sources away from farm to non-farm activities. Increased participation in non-farm employment has been more pronounced among the more educated children, whose education is facilitated by an increase in farm income brought about by the Green Revolution. This book identifies the importance of Green Revolution and non-farm employment for poverty reduction in Asia, which provides valuable lessons for sub-Saharan Africa.
Author : Sukhpal Singh
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Agriculture and state
ISBN : STANFORD:36105022409002
The Punjab Model Of Agricultural Development Has Evoked A Keen Interest And Curiosity On A Wide Scale. Some Researchers Observe That The Benefits Of The Agricultural Development Have Not Reached The Weaker Sections In The Rural Areas Of The Punjab. In This Backdrop, The Objective Of The Present Study Is To Examine The Dynamics Of Rural Poverty Prevailing Among Agricultural Labourers, Marginal Farmers And Small Farmers. It Elaborately Examines The Sources, Composition And Patterns Of Income And Consumption; And Magnitude And Determinants Of Indebtedness Of Agricultural Labourers, Marginal Farmers And Small Farmers In Differentially Developed Regions Of The Punjab.The Painstaking Study Yielded That Agricultural Labourers Are Enjoying A High Level Of Living Vis-À-Vis Marginal Farmers. The Proposition Of Persons Below The Poverty Line Has Been Found To Be The Highest In The Case Of Marginal Farmers And This Proportion Was The Highest In The Least Developed Region. In General, It Appears That The Extent Of Poverty Is Inversely Related To The Productivity Levels Of The Regions But The Magnitude Of Indebtedness Is Directly Related To The Productivity Levels Of The Different Regions Of Punjab.The Book Will Be Of Immense Value To The Students And Research Scholars Of Economics And Sociology Besides The Academics And Policy Planners In The Field. And It Will Enrich The Valuable Collection Of Every Library.
Author : Cynthia M. Duncan
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2015-01-13
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780300210514
First published in 1999, Worlds Apart examined the nature of poverty through the stories of real people in three remote rural areas of the United States: New England, Appalachia, and the Mississippi Delta. In this new edition, Duncan returns to her original research, interviewing some of the same people as well as some new key informants. Duncan provides powerful new insights into the dynamics of poverty, politics, and community change. "Duncan, through in-depth investigation and interviews, concludes that only a strong civic culture, a sense among citizens of community and the need to serve that community, can truly address poverty. . . . Moving and troubling. Duncan has created a remarkable study of the persistent patterns of poverty and power."—Kirkus Reviews "The descriptions of rural poverty in Worlds Apart are interesting and read almost like a novel."—Choice
Author : Idriss Jazaïry,Mohiuddin Alamgir,Theresa Panuccio
Publisher : New York University Press
Page : 514 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1992-01-01
Category : Agricultural development projects
ISBN : 9290720034
"The State of World Rural Poverty offers the first comprehensive look at the economic conditions and prospects of the world's rural poor. Certain to become a definitive source of data and analysis, especially for the unique rural poverty indexes of 114 developing countries, as well as an invaluable policy guide to issues involving development and poverty in underdeveloped nations, this volume incorporates research from all over the world."--BOOK JACKET.