The Epistemic Life Of Groups

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The Epistemic Life of Groups

Michael S. Brady,Miranda Fricker
The Epistemic Life of Groups Book PDF

Author : Michael S. Brady,Miranda Fricker
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2016-03-03
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191077746

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The Epistemic Life of Groups by Michael S. Brady,Miranda Fricker Pdf

Social epistemology has been flourishing in recent years, expanding and making connections with political philosophy, virtue epistemology, philosophy of science, and feminist philosophy. The philosophy of the social world too is flourishing, with burgeoning work in the metaphysics of the social world, collective responsibility, group action, and group belief. The new philosophical vista now more clearly presenting itself is collective epistemology—the epistemology of groups and institutions. Groups engage in epistemic activity all the time—whether it be the active collective inquiry of scientific research groups or crime detection units, or the evidential deliberations of tribunals and juries, or the informational efforts of the voting population in general—and yet in philosophy there is still relatively little epistemology of groups to help explore these epistemic practices and their various dimensions of social and philosophical significance. The aim of this book is to address this lack, by presenting original essays in the field of collective epistemology, exploring these regions of epistemic practice and their significance for Epistemology, Political Philosophy, Ethics, and the Philosophy of Science.

Life in Groups

Margaret Gilbert
Life in Groups Book PDF

Author : Margaret Gilbert
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 351 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2022-12-19
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192662835

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Life in Groups by Margaret Gilbert Pdf

Life in Groups: How We Think, Feel, and Act Together develops and applies the author's perspective on topics she relates to joint commitment. This kind of commitment unifies those who participate in it, guides their actions going forward, and determines their relations to one another in important ways. In particular, it grounds in each of the parties a set of rights and obligations of a central kind. This volume contains thirteen essays, together with a substantial introduction, which serves both to explain joint commitment for those unfamiliar with it and to advance discussion in light of some questions it has prompted, and a reflective conclusion. The essays range over collective beliefs and intentions; rational choice and collective preference; group lies and corporate misbehavior; remorse and other emotions in a group context; rights, obligations, and freedom.

The Epistemology of Groups

Jennifer Lackey
The Epistemology of Groups Book PDF

Author : Jennifer Lackey
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 211 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2021-02
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199656608

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The Epistemology of Groups by Jennifer Lackey Pdf

Jennifer Lackey presents a ground-breaking exploration of the epistemology of groups, and its implications for group agency and responsibility. She argues that group belief and knowledge depend on what individual group members do or are capable of doing, while being subject to group-level normative requirements.

The Epistemology of Group Disagreement

Fernando Broncano-Berrocal,J. Adam Carter
The Epistemology of Group Disagreement Book PDF

Author : Fernando Broncano-Berrocal,J. Adam Carter
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2020-12-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780429663581

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The Epistemology of Group Disagreement by Fernando Broncano-Berrocal,J. Adam Carter Pdf

This book brings together philosophers to investigate the nature and normativity of group disagreement. Debates in the epistemology of disagreement mainly have been concerned with idealized cases of peer disagreement between individuals. However, most real-life disagreements are complex and often take place within and between groups. Ascribing views, beliefs, and judgments to groups is a common phenomenon that is well researched in the literature on the ontology and epistemology of groups. The essays in this volume seek to connect these literatures and to explore both intra- and inter- group disagreements. They apply their discussions to a range of political, religious, social, and scientific issues. The Epistemology of Group Disagreement is an important resource for students and scholars working on social and applied epistemology, disagreement, and topics at the intersection of epistemology, ethics, and politics.

The Routledge Handbook of Social Epistemology

Miranda Fricker,Peter J. Graham,David Henderson,Nikolaj J.L.L. Pedersen
The Routledge Handbook of Social Epistemology Book PDF

Author : Miranda Fricker,Peter J. Graham,David Henderson,Nikolaj J.L.L. Pedersen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 490 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2019-07-19
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317511489

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The Routledge Handbook of Social Epistemology by Miranda Fricker,Peter J. Graham,David Henderson,Nikolaj J.L.L. Pedersen Pdf

Edited by an international team of leading scholars, The Routledge Handbook of Social Epistemology is the first major reference work devoted to this growing field. The Handbook’s 46 chapters, all appearing in print here for the first time, and written by philosophers and social theorists from around the world, are organized into eight main parts: Historical Backgrounds The Epistemology of Testimony Disagreement, Diversity, and Relativism Science and Social Epistemology The Epistemology of Groups Feminist Epistemology The Epistemology of Democracy Further Horizons for Social Epistemology With lists of references after each chapter and a comprehensive index, this volume will prove to be the definitive guide to the burgeoning interdisciplinary field of social epistemology.

Applied Epistemology

Jennifer Lackey
Applied Epistemology Book PDF

Author : Jennifer Lackey
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 499 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780198833659

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Applied Epistemology by Jennifer Lackey Pdf

Applied epistemology brings the tools of contemporary epistemology to bear on particular issues of social concern. While the field of social epistemology has flourished in recent years, there has been far less work on how theories of knowledge, justification, and evidence may be applied to concrete questions, especially those of ethical and political significance. This volume fills this gap in the current literature by bringing together leading philosophers in a broad range of areas in applied epistemology. The potential topics in applied epistemology are many and diverse, and this volume focuses on seven central issues, some of which are general while others are far more specific: epistemological perspectives; epistemic and doxastic wrongs; epistemology and injustice; epistemology, race, and the academy; epistemology and feminist perspectives; epistemology and sexual consent; and epistemology and the internet. Some of the chapters in this volume contribute to, and further develop, areas in social epistemology that are already active, while others open up entirely new avenues of research. All of the contributions aim to make clear the relevance and importance of epistemology to some of the most pressing social and political questions facing us as agents in the world.

Essays in Collective Epistemology

Jennifer Lackey
Essays in Collective Epistemology Book PDF

Author : Jennifer Lackey
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199665792

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Essays in Collective Epistemology by Jennifer Lackey Pdf

We often talk about groups believing, knowing and testifying. Epistemic claims of this sort are of significant consequence, given that they bear on the moral and legal responsibilities of collective entities. A team of leading experts in the field present new, cutting-edge theories, insights and approaches in collective epistemology.

Group Duties

Stephanie Collins
Group Duties Book PDF

Author : Stephanie Collins
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2019-07-04
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192576583

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Group Duties by Stephanie Collins Pdf

Moral duties are regularly attributed to groups. In the media or on the street, we might hear that a specific country has a moral duty to defend human rights, that environmentalists have a moral duty to push for global systemic reform, or that the affluent have a moral duty to alleviate poverty. Do such attributions make conceptual sense or are they mere political rhetoric? And what does that imply for the individual members of these groups? Group Duties offers the first comprehensive answer to these questions. Stephanie Collins defends a Tripartite Model of group duties - so-called because it divides groups into three fundamental categories. First, we have combinations - collections of agents that don't have any goals or decision-making procedures in common. These groups cannot bear moral duties. Instead, we should re-cast their purported duties as a series of duties, one held by each agent in the combination. Each duty demands its bearer to 'I-reason': to do the best they can, given whatever they happen to believe the others will do. Second, there are groups whose members share goals but lack decision-making procedures. These are coalitions. Coalitions also cannot bear duties, but their alleged duties should be replaced with members' several duties to 'we-reason': to do one's part in a particular group pattern of actions, on the presumption that others will do likewise. Third and finally, collectives have group-level procedures for making decisions. They can bear duties. Collectives' duties imply duties for collectives' members to use their role in the collective with a view to the collective doing its duty. With the Tripartite Model in-hand, Collins argues that we can target our political demands at the right entities, in the right way, for the right reasons.

The Political Turn in Analytic Philosophy

David Bordonaba Plou,Víctor Fernández Castro,José Ramón Torices
The Political Turn in Analytic Philosophy Book PDF

Author : David Bordonaba Plou,Víctor Fernández Castro,José Ramón Torices
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2022-03-21
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783110612318

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The Political Turn in Analytic Philosophy by David Bordonaba Plou,Víctor Fernández Castro,José Ramón Torices Pdf

A new wave of thinkers from across different disciplines within the analytical tradition in philosophy has recently focused on critical, societal challenges, such as the silencing and questioning of the credibility of oppressed groups, the political polarization that threatens the good functioning of democratic societies across the globe, or the moral and political significance of gender, race, or sexual orientation. Appealing to both well-established and younger international scholars, this volume delves into some of the most relevant problems and discussions within the area, bringing together for the first time different essays within what we deem to be a “political turn in analytic philosophy.” This political turn consists of putting different conceptual and theoretical tools from epistemology, philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, and metaphysics at the service of social and political change. The aim is to ensure a better understanding of some of the key features of our social environments in an attempt to achieve a more just and equal society.

Political Legitimacy

Jack Knight,Melissa Schwartzberg
Political Legitimacy Book PDF

Author : Jack Knight,Melissa Schwartzberg
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 411 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2019-08-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781479888696

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Political Legitimacy by Jack Knight,Melissa Schwartzberg Pdf

Essays on the political, legal, and philosophical dimensions of political legitimacy Scholars, journalists, and politicians today worry that the world’s democracies are facing a crisis of legitimacy. Although there are key challenges facing democracy—including concerns about electoral interference, adherence to the rule of law, and the freedom of the press—it is not clear that these difficulties threaten political legitimacy. Such ambiguity derives in part from the contested nature of the concept of legitimacy, and from disagreements over how to measure it. This volume reflects the cutting edge of responses to these perennial questions, drawing, in the distinctive NOMOS fashion, from political science, philosophy, and law. Contributors address fundamental philosophical questions such as the nature of public reasons of authority, as well as urgent concerns about contemporary democracy, including whether “animus” matters for the legitimacy of President Trump’s travel ban, barring entry for nationals from six Muslim-majority nations, and the effect of fundamental transitions within the moral economy, such as the decline of labor unions. Featuring twelve essays from leading scholars, Political Legitimacy is an important and timely addition to the NOMOS series.

Scientific Testimony

Mikkel Gerken
Scientific Testimony Book PDF

Author : Mikkel Gerken
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2022-09-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9780198857273

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Scientific Testimony by Mikkel Gerken Pdf

Scientific Testimony concerns the roles of scientific testimony in science and society. The book develops a positive alternative to a tradition famously expressed by the slogan of the Royal Society Nullius in verba ("Take nobody's word for it"). This book argues that intra-scientifictestimony--i.e., testimony between collaborating scientists--is not in conflict with the spirit of science or an add-on to scientific practice. On the contrary, intra-scientific testimony is a vital part of science. This is illustrated by articulating epistemic norms of intra-scientific testimonyand arguing that they are vital to scientific methodology on a par with other scientific norms governing scientific observation and data analysis.The book also provides an account of public scientific testimony--i.e., scientific testimony to the lay population. This is done by integrating philosophical resources with empirical research on the science of science communication. For example, various misconceptions about science and folkepistemological biases are diagnosed as factors that contribute to science skepticism. This diagnosis provides the basis for developing novel norms for science communication that are sensitive to the psychological and social obstacles to laypersons' uptake of it. Finally, the volume discusses howpublic scientific testimony is best embedded in society and argues that it is critical for societies that pursue the ideals of deliberative democracy. Scientific Testimony draws on philosophy of science, social epistemology, and empirical research to provide a wide-ranging account of the roles ofscientific testimony within scientific practice and within the wider society.

Groups as Epistemic and Moral Agents

Jessica Brown
Groups as Epistemic and Moral Agents Book PDF

Author : Jessica Brown
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 187 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2024-06-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780198898108

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Groups as Epistemic and Moral Agents by Jessica Brown Pdf

Organised groups such as governments, corporations, charities and courts are an integral part of our lives. They provide services, sell goods, employ people, raise taxes, wage wars, and issue legal judgements. In our interactions with them, we routinely ascribe them mental states, speaking of what they know, want and intend. And we use these ascriptions in predicting what groups will do and assessing their responsibility for outcomes. For instance, in morally assessing the government's performance in the coronavirus pandemic, we might ask what the government knew about the virus at key decision points. And in attempting to predict Russia's response to the current war in Ukraine, we might ask what Russia believes about the West's resolve to defend Ukraine. This book takes these ordinary ways of thinking and talking seriously, assuming that at least some groups are agents with mental states on which they act. In particular, the book examines groups both as epistemic and moral agents providing non-summative accounts of group evidence, group belief, group justified belief, group knowledge, what it is for a group to act or believe for one reason rather than another, and when a group has an excuse for wrongdoing from blameless ignorance. These phenomena are crucial to the evaluation of the beliefs and actions of groups. Whether a group's belief is justified depends on its evidence and the reason for which it believes; whether it's praiseworthy or blameworthy for its actions depends on the reason for which it acted, as well as whether it is blamelessly ignorant of any wrongdoing. By providing a clearer view of central group phenomena, the book will help us assess the beliefs and actions of the powerful groups at work in our lives, whether governments, corporations, public sector bodies or third sector actors.

An Epistemic Theory of Democracy

Robert E. Goodin,Kai Spiekermann
An Epistemic Theory of Democracy Book PDF

Author : Robert E. Goodin,Kai Spiekermann
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 512 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2018-04-26
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780192556486

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An Epistemic Theory of Democracy by Robert E. Goodin,Kai Spiekermann Pdf

Democracy has many attractive features. Among them is its tendency to track the truth, at least under certain idealized assumptions. That basic result has been known since 1785, when Condorcet published his famous jury theorem. But that theorem has typically been dismissed as little more than a mathematical curiosity, with assumptions too restrictive for it to apply to the real world. In An Epistemic Theory of Democracy, Goodin and Spiekermann propose different ways of interpreting voter independence and competence to make jury theorems more generally applicable. They go on to assess a wide range of familiar political practices and alternative institutional arrangements, to determine what constellation of them might most fully exploit the truth-tracking potential of majoritarian democracy. The book closes with a discussion of how epistemic democracy might be undermined, using as case studies the Trump and Brexit campaigns.

Mentalizing and Epistemic Trust

Robbie Duschinsky,Sarah Foster
Mentalizing and Epistemic Trust Book PDF

Author : Robbie Duschinsky,Sarah Foster
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : History
ISBN : 9780198871187

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Mentalizing and Epistemic Trust by Robbie Duschinsky,Sarah Foster Pdf

This is an open access title available under the terms of a [CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International] licence. It is free to read at Oxford Clinical Psychology Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. The theory of mentalizing and epistemic trust introduced by Peter Fonagy and colleagues at the Anna Freud Centre has been an important perspective on mental health and illness. Mentalizing and Epistemic Trust is the first comprehensive account and evaluation of this perspective. The book explores twenty primary concepts that organize the contributions of Fonagy and colleagues: adaptation, aggression, the alien self, culture, disorganized attachment, epistemic trust, hypermentalizing, reflective function, the P factor, pretend mode, the primary unconscious, psychic equivalence, mental illness, mentalizing, mentalization-based therapy, non-mentalizing, the self, sexuality, the social environment, and teleological mode. The biographical and social context of the development of these ideas is examined. The book also specifies the current strengths and limitations of the theory of mentalizing and epistemic trust, with attention to the implications for both clinicians and researchers. This book will be of interest to historians of the human sciences, developmental psychologists, and clinicians interested in taking a broader perspective on psychological theory and concepts.

Epistemic Injustice

Miranda Fricker
Epistemic Injustice Book PDF

Author : Miranda Fricker
Publisher : Clarendon Press
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2007-07-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191519307

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Epistemic Injustice by Miranda Fricker Pdf

In this exploration of new territory between ethics and epistemology, Miranda Fricker argues that there is a distinctively epistemic type of injustice, in which someone is wronged specifically in their capacity as a knower. Justice is one of the oldest and most central themes in philosophy, but in order to reveal the ethical dimension of our epistemic practices the focus must shift to injustice. Fricker adjusts the philosophical lens so that we see through to the negative space that is epistemic injustice. The book explores two different types of epistemic injustice, each driven by a form of prejudice, and from this exploration comes a positive account of two corrective ethical-intellectual virtues. The characterization of these phenomena casts light on many issues, such as social power, prejudice, virtue, and the genealogy of knowledge, and it proposes a virtue epistemological account of testimony. In this ground-breaking book, the entanglements of reason and social power are traced in a new way, to reveal the different forms of epistemic injustice and their place in the broad pattern of social injustice.