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Author : Susan A. Gelman Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA Page : 416 pages File Size : 46,5 Mb Release : 2003 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines ISBN : 0195154061
This text synthesizes 15 years of empirical research on essentialism into a coherent framework, examining children's thinking and ways in which language influences thought. It shows that children do not come into the world as passive recipients of data.
Essentialism is the idea that certain categories, such as "dog," "man," or "intelligence," have an underlying reality or true nature that gives objects their identity. Where does this idea come from? In this book, Susan Gelman argues that essentialism is an early cognitive bias. Young children's concepts reflect a deep commitment to essentialism, and this commitment leads children to look beyond the obvious in many converging ways: when learning words, generalizing knowledge to new category members, reasoning about the insides of things, contemplating the role of nature versus nurture, and constructing causal explanations. Gelman argues against the standard view of children as concrete or focused on the obvious, instead claiming that children have an early, powerful tendency to search for hidden, non-obvious features of things. She also attacks claims that children build up their knowledge of the world based on simple, associative learning strategies, arguing that children's concepts are embedded in rich folk theories. Parents don't explicitly teach children to essentialize; instead, during the preschool years, children spontaneously construct concepts and beliefs that reflect an essentialist bias. Essentialist accounts have been offered, in one form or another, for thousands of years, extending back at least to Aristotle and Plato. Yet this book is the first to address the issues surrounding essentialism from a psychological perspective. Gelman synthesizes over 15 years of empirical research on essentialism into a unified framework and explores the broader lessons that the research imparts concerning, among other things, human concepts, children's thinking, and the ways in which language influences thought. This volume will appeal to developmental, cognitive, and social psychologists, as well as to scholars in cognitive science and philosophy.
The Essential Guide to Children's Books and Their Creators by Anonim Pdf
Upon publication, Anita Silvey’s comprehensive survey of contemporary children’s literature, Children’s Books and Their Creators, garnered unanimous praise from librarians, educators, and specialists interested in the world of writing for children. Now The Essential Guide to Children’s Books and Their Creators assembles the best of that volume in one handy, affordable reference, geared specifically to parents, educators, and students. This new volume introduces readers to the wealth of children’s literature by focusing on the essentials — the best books for children, the ones that inform, impress, and, most important, excite young readers. Updated to include newcomers such as J. K. Rowling and Lemony Snicket and to cover the very latest on publishing and educational trends, this edition features more than 475 entries on the best-loved children’s authors and illustrators, numerous essays on social and historical issues, thirty personal glimpses into craft by well-known writers, illustrators, and critics, and invaluable reading lists by category. The Essential Guide to Children’s Books and Their Creators summarizes the canon of contemporary children’s literature, in a practical guide essential for anyone choosing a book for or working with children.
The Great Ormond Street New Baby and Child Care Book by Tessa Hilton Pdf
Updated edition of a guide which is produced in conjunction with and fully endorsed by the Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street, London. Topics range from conception to birth, feeding, sleep, and child development, through toilet training and play to relationships.
Help Your Child to Succeed by Bill Lucas,Alistair Smith Pdf
This book has been written to help parents and families learn together more effectively in a complex world. For the home and its immediate environment offer wonderful opportunities for discovery, exploration, play, education and learning. Every parent wants the best for their child. They want their children to do well at school and to get a good job. They want them to be happy, to realise their talents. But sometimes they do not know how best they can help. Sometimes they do not have the right words, or they are not sure how to give their children the lift up that they need. This book will provide parents with questions, answers, activities and tips on how to help their child succeed.
National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on the Science of Children Birth to Age 8: Deepening and Broadening the Foundation for Success
Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on the Science of Children Birth to Age 8: Deepening and Broadening the Foundation for Success Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 706 pages File Size : 49,8 Mb Release : 2015-07-23 Category : Social Science ISBN : 9780309324885
Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on the Science of Children Birth to Age 8: Deepening and Broadening the Foundation for Success Pdf
Children are already learning at birth, and they develop and learn at a rapid pace in their early years. This provides a critical foundation for lifelong progress, and the adults who provide for the care and the education of young children bear a great responsibility for their health, development, and learning. Despite the fact that they share the same objective - to nurture young children and secure their future success - the various practitioners who contribute to the care and the education of children from birth through age 8 are not acknowledged as a workforce unified by the common knowledge and competencies needed to do their jobs well. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 explores the science of child development, particularly looking at implications for the professionals who work with children. This report examines the current capacities and practices of the workforce, the settings in which they work, the policies and infrastructure that set qualifications and provide professional learning, and the government agencies and other funders who support and oversee these systems. This book then makes recommendations to improve the quality of professional practice and the practice environment for care and education professionals. These detailed recommendations create a blueprint for action that builds on a unifying foundation of child development and early learning, shared knowledge and competencies for care and education professionals, and principles for effective professional learning. Young children thrive and learn best when they have secure, positive relationships with adults who are knowledgeable about how to support their development and learning and are responsive to their individual progress. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 offers guidance on system changes to improve the quality of professional practice, specific actions to improve professional learning systems and workforce development, and research to continue to build the knowledge base in ways that will directly advance and inform future actions. The recommendations of this book provide an opportunity to improve the quality of the care and the education that children receive, and ultimately improve outcomes for children.
When you’re a new parent, the miracle of life might not always feel so miraculous. Maybe your latest 2:00 a.m., 2:45 a.m., and 3:30 a.m. wake-up calls have left you wondering how “sleep like a baby” ever became a figure of speech—and what the options are for restoring your sanity. Or your child just left bite marks on someone, and you’re wondering how to handle it. First-time mom Tracy Cutchlow knows what you’re going through. In Zero to Five: 70 Essential Parenting Tips Based on Science (and What I’ve Learned So Far), she takes dozens of parenting tips based on scientific research and distills them into something you can easily digest during one of your two-minute-long breaks in the day. The pages are beautifully illustrated by award-winning photojournalist Betty Udesen. Combining the warmth of a best friend with a straightforward style, Tracy addresses questions such as: Should I talk to my pregnant belly / newborn? Is that going to feel weird? (Yes, and absolutely.) How do I help baby sleep well? (Start with the 45-minute rule.) How can I instill a love of learning in my child? (By using specific types of praise and criticism.) What will boost my child’s success in school? (Play that requires self-control, like make-believe.) My baby loves videos and cell-phone games. That’s cool, right? (If you play, too.) What tamps down temper tantrums? (Naming emotions out loud.) My sweet baby just hit a playmate / lied to me about un-potting the plant / talked back. Now what? (Choose one of three logical consequences.) How do I get through an entire day of this? (With help. Lots of help.) Who knew babies were so funny? (They are!) Whether you read the book front to back or skip around, Zero to Five will help you make the best of the tantrums (yours and baby’s), moments of pure joy, and other surprises along the totally-worth-it journey of parenting.
From learning his letters and shapes with Grandma first thing in the morning to snuggling up with Daddy after a bath, one little boy loves time spent reading a good book with his loved ones. But, he has a secret! Can you guess his favorite way to read a good book? Jump into the pages of this delightfully tasty book to find out what makes reading so great!
From the Disney Teacher of the Year and New York Times bestselling author Ron Clark comes the classic guide to bringing out the best in your students, revised and updated for today's teachers. Over 1 million copies sold! When Ron Clark walked into his fifth-grade class in rural North Carolina, he was confronted with disinterested children in desperate need of structure and compassion. Brainstorming how best to reignite their love of learning, Ron created 55 lessons. Soon his fifth graders were reading at a sixth-grade level, engaging in class, and loving school. What's more, they were gaining something crucial: self-respect. These lessons evolved into The Essential 55--guidelines for students on how to live and interact with others. Ron lit a fire under parents and teachers around the world to raise their standards and expect the most from their students. The Essential 55 features a new foreword from Ron and a fresh take on his classic rules, along with contributions from Ron's former students, who reflect on which rules resonated most. Ron's 55 ideas show that with determination, discipline, and regular rewards, the children you stick by will be the children you eventually admire.
Children's rooms can be stylish, too. Conran presents a wide range of options for designing and decorating rooms and spaces for babies and toddlers to teenagers.
Guides parents--and future parents--through the long list of factors working for and against them while highlighting the many positive aspects of raising and being a singleton. Original.
This reader covers current theory, research and practice in Early Intervention with young children, bringing together the best recent papers by prominent researchers in the field. A collection of the best recent papers on Early Intervention. Brings together current theory, research and practice in EI with young children. Covers a range of topics in childhood development and intervention. Each paper is introduced and contextualised by the editor.
International Perspectives on Family Support by Walter Hellinckx,M. J. Colton,Margaret Williams Pdf
Family-centred programmes comprise one of the fastest growing programme areas in child welfare. This book provides an international overview of family support and preservation programmes, with attention both to the general situation with respect to family preservation in different countries and specific types of intervention, such as video home training.
Parents all over the world have certain universal aspirations. They want their children to contribute meaningfully to society and to pursue their own dreams. But we appear to be missing the essentials. In this inspiring book, based on 30 years of research and practice, Dr. Stanley Greenspan redefines the qualities of an emotionally and intellectually healthy child and identifies the ways that parents can help their children develop each quality. The qualities that make us call a child a “great kid,” such as empathy, curiosity, and logical thinking, are fundamental and underlie all the academic, athletic, and social talents that a child might develop. We are not born with these traits, Greenspan demonstrates, they come from experience, which suggests that each and every parent can encourage them and that each and every child can strive to acquire them.
