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Author : Anonim
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
Page : 58 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Emissions trading
ISBN : 9789289312844
Author : Jon Birger Skjærseth,Jørgen Wettestad
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2016-04-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781317140351
The EU Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) has been characterized as one of the most far-reaching and radical environmental policies for many years. Given the EU's earlier resistance to this market-based and US-flavoured programme, the development and implementation of the EU ETS has been rapid. This novel approach to environmental regulation has the potential to affect not only greenhouse gas emissions in the EU, but also international strategies for climate change protection. This book investigates the origins, evolution and consequences of the EU ETS and offers significant contributions to the literatures on climate policy and EU policy making.
Author : Sonja Butzengeiger
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 146 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2018-12-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781134034741
This special issue of the Climate Policy journal outlines the fundamentals of the new European Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS), assesses the strategies for and impact of implementation and highlights the scheme's potential, including positive aspects and remaining hurdles. The EU Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS) is the first international trading scheme for CO2 in the world. Its aim is to reduce the cost of compliance to existing targets under the Kyoto Protocol. From 1st January 2005, companies in high-energy sectors covered by the scheme must limit their CO2 emissions to allocated levels, arranged in two periods: from 2005-2007 and 2008-2012 (to match the first Kyoto commitment period). In practice, the scheme is likely to cover over 12,000 installations across the European Union, corresponding to approximately 46% of the total EU CO2 emissions. The EU ETS represents a significant development in working at an international level to combat dangerous climate change. The EU Emissions Trading Scheme presents a comprehensive and insightful analysis of the EU ETS, written by international experts in the field. The publication includes the latest research on emissions credits, the interaction of the trading scheme with national energy policies and the debate on future expansion.
Author : A. Denny Ellerman,Barbara K. Buchner,Carlo Carraro
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2007-06-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781139465106
A critical issue in dealing with climate change is deciding who has a right to emit carbon dioxide. Allocation in the European Emissions Trading Scheme provided the first in-depth description and analysis of the process by which rights to emit carbon dioxide were created and distributed in the European Union. This was the world's first large-scale experiment with an emission trading system for carbon dioxide and was likely to be copied by others if there was to be a global regime for limiting greenhouse gas emissions. The book comprises contributions from those responsible for putting the allocation into practice in ten representative member states and at the European Commission. The problems encountered in this process, the solutions found, and the choices they made, will be of interest to all who are concerned with climate policy and the use of emissions trading to combat climate change.
Author : Stefan E. Weishaar
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 269 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2014-02-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781781952221
Emissions trading is becoming an increasingly popular policy instrument with growing diversity in design. This book examines emissions trading design, emissions trading implementation problems and how to address them. In an easily accessible way
Author : Larry Parker
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 22 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781437929355
This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. The European Union¿s (EU) ETS is a cornerstone of the EU¿s efforts to meet its obligation under the Kyoto Protocol. It covers more than 10,000 energy intensive facilities across the 27 EU Member countries. A ¿Phase 1¿ trading period began 1/1/05. A second, Phase 2, trading period began in 2008. A Phase 3 will begin in 2013 designed to reduce emissions by 21% from 2005 levels. Contents of this report: (1) Overview; (2) Results from Phase 1 and 2; (3) Phase 3: Auctions; New Entrant Reserves; Decision on Eligible Industries; Flexibility Mechanisms and Price Volatility Control; Expanding Coverage; (4) U.S. Cap-and-Trade Proposals: Emission Inventories and Target Setting; Coverage; Allocation Schemes; Flexibility and Price Volatility. Illustrations.
Author : Simone Borghesi,Massimiliano Montini,Alessandra Barreca
Publisher : Springer
Page : 110 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2016-04-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319311869
Given the rapid spread of ETSs in an increasing number of countries and the important role that they are likely to play for the success or failure of the environmental policy in the years to come, this book provides an interdisciplinary analysis of the EU ETS from both the legal and economic perspectives comparing it with the other main ETSs existing worldwide, in order to assess whether the EU ETS has truly represented a prototype for the other ETSs established around the world and to investigate the current perspectives for linking them in the future.Through the years, the EU ETS has progressively gained a paramount position within the EU environmental policy and climate change legislation and currently represents the most striking flagship in this sector, with more than 11.000 installations covered by the scheme. In parallel, the EU ETS has paved the way for the establishment of many other ETSs in several other jurisdictions. Such schemes are now recognized worldwide as the “cornerstones” of the climate change policy.
Author : Stefano Clò
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 201 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780857934437
'Emission markets are crucial both to provide the right incentives to reduce GHG emissions and to fund investments necessary for a transition to a low carbon world. Emission markets however cannot achieve these objectives if inappropriately designed. This book is a novel and fresh attempt to look at the real functioning of the EU Emission Trading Scheme and to assess its effectiveness and inconsistencies, its positive and negative impacts on industrial and financial markets. With the overall objective to improve its design and performance.' Carlo Carraro, University of Venice, Italy '. . . this important book has the great achievement of addressing a complicated and socially highly debated issue of how society could be given optimal incentives for emission reductions from a legal and economic perspective. Moreover, it not only addresses the various issues from a theoretical perspective, but provides important empirical evidence on the working of emissions trading as well. The book will undoubtedly have important lessons not only at the theoretical level, but also for policy makers interested in improving the effectiveness of emission trading schemes.' From the foreword by Michael Faure This unique and up-to-date book analyses the functioning of the European Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) and assesses the extent to which relevant legislation has affected its capacity to promote cost-effective reduction of European carbon emissions. The author investigates whether inefficiency has been caused by both the ETS cap setting procedure and by the ETS relevant allocation rule, as defined by Directive 2003/87/EC. He then considers whether the new Directive 2009/29/EC, which reforms the ETS institutional design, is likely to improve the scheme's effectiveness by reducing the risk of carbon leakage which could potentially be a consequence of implementing a unilateral policy across the asymmetric political landscape of Europe. This well-documented book will appeal to researchers and postgraduate students in environmental law and environmental economics, as well as policymakers within environment, industry and economics, and electric and industrial operators and stakeholders. Environmental NGOs, energy and environmental consulting groups, members of the European Commission, and energy and environmental think-tanks will also find much to interest them in this insightful book.
Author : Ann-Sophie Theuring,Sina Hüfner
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 24 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2017-09-11
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3668517800
Seminar paper from the year 2016 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: European Union, grade: 2,0, ISEC-Institut Supérieur de l'Économie (dern. eufom University), language: English, abstract: This term paper discusses how to improve the European Union Emission Trading Scheme to have the lowest possible influence on companies with the highest possible reduction of greenhouse gases. Even though in theory this scheme may appear flawless there are a few conflicts and negative consequences which have a big influence on some participating countries. To get an overview, the problem of the emissions has to be explained first. After that, it is essential to explain the theory of the European Union Emission Trading Scheme with a summary of the main expected theoretical effects. There must be an empirical evaluation about the real effects in comparison to the theoretical expected ones. This part will be followed by a discussion on how the government needs to change the scheme to improve the consequences. At last, there will be a conclusion which will sum up the outcome of the discussion and give a perspective on the future. Being and staying healthy is one of the greatest wishes of humanity because it is assuring a longer life. But not only a highly developed health system protects people from illnesses, also living in a clean and safe environment extends the span of life. This is why it is always interesting to discuss new solutions of the government which shall protect the environment, improve our climate and increase our sustainability. In year 1997 the Kyoto protocol was added to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, short UNFCCC, to reduce those emissions gradually. In addition to this contract the European Union created in 2005 the European Union Emission Trading Scheme, short EU ETS. It allows companies to buy and trade a certain amount of emission permits.
Author : Michael Grubb,Regina Betz,Karsten Neuhoff
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 199 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2010-09-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781136535574
The EU emissions trading scheme is the largest emissions control scheme in the world, capping almost half of European CO2 emissions. As the scheme emerges from its pilot phase, this special issue of Climate Policy journal analyses the lessons learned from the last two years and their implications for phase II. The volume presents some of the key analyses that helped inform the European Commission's decisions on national allocation plans, with research ranging from detailed country-by-country comparisons to more generic analysis that puts forward the case for harmonization. Challenging calls to seperate electricity from other sectors, a macroeconomic study suggests that the biggest efficiency gains come from inter-sectoral trading, even more than international trading. Empirical papers, which look at the expected scarcity of allowances in the market and merge models for the power and non-power sectors to project emissions and contrast these to the aggregate allocation volume, are complemented by two numerical simulations of trade and distributional effects, estimating the efficiency gains of the EU ETS in phase I and assessing allocation and distribution effects in the RGGI context.
Author : Jørgen Wettestad,Torbjørg Jevnaker
Publisher : Springer
Page : 119 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2016-05-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781137566744
This book draws upon a meticulous study of background documents and a string of fresh interviews to tell the fascinating story of how the EU’s climate flagship was significantly improved. The EU’s emissions trading system (ETS) covers almost half of its greenhouse gas emissions and has been hailed as the cornerstone and flagship of EU climate policy. But in spring 2013 the ETS was in severe crisis, with a huge surplus of allowances and a sagging carbon price. Even a formally simple measure to change the timing of auctioning was initially rejected by the European Parliament. Two years later a much more important ‘market thermostat’ was adopted (i.e. the Market Stability Reserve) and proposals for a complete ETS overhaul were put on the table. This book examines and explains how it was possible to turn the flagship around so quickly. Crucial changes at EU and national levels are identified, chief among them in Germany and the European Parliament.
Author : Nordisk Ministerråd
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Electric power production
ISBN : 9789289310444
Starting from January 1, 2005 the European Union will implement a scheme for trading with greenhouse gas (GHG) emission allowances. During the first trading period, 2005-2007, the scheme covers only CO2, and there is no international commitment to reduce the emission of GHG. During the second period, 2008-2012, the European Union has committed to reducing their emissions of GHG by 8% compared to 1990 levels. Emissions trading will create a cost of CO2 emissions and increase the marginal cost of producing electricity in fossil-fueled plants. This will result in an increase in the electricity price. For the period of 2005-2007, the likely range of allowance prices in the EU is estimated to be 1-5/tonne CO2 and for 2008-2012, 8-13/tonne CO2. Based on these estimates the effect on the price of electricity is analyzed. In the short run, the price increases in the Nordic countries, except Jutland, is less than the increase in marginal cost for coal plants. In the somewhat longer run (2012) the price increase is approximately the same as the increase in the marginal cost of modern gas-fired plants.
Author : Lukas Melhus
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 20 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2022-06-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783346659651
Seminar paper from the year 2021 in the subject Economics - Macro-economics, general, grade: 1,0, Baden-Wuerttemberg Cooperative State University (DHBW), language: English, abstract: Simply put, emissions trading is a governmental instrument or framework to reduce pollutant emissions. While such trading has seen popularity in recent years, the broad concept has been around for quite some time. In 1968, Canadian economist John Dales argued that a government should issue a certain number of pollution rights certificates and offer them for sale, while at the same time enacting a law mandating anyone discharging a certain amount of waste in a given year to own one or more pollution rights for the whole year. He further argued that this framework would benefit by having the price determined by competition between buyers and sellers of rights rather than a person or authority.4 The fundamental idea behind emissions trading has remained the same to this day. At the end of the 1960s, the United States of America were the first to experiment with governmental trading schemes.5,6,7 During the Carter administration, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) continued to expand these pollution control mechanisms, notably using them to reduce and ultimately stop the use of leaded petrol in the 1980s.8 Emissions trading schemes continued to be popular in the US and were used by the following administrations.
Author : A. Denny Ellerman,Frank J. Convery,Christian de Perthuis
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2014-05-14
Category : Carbon offsetting
ISBN : 1139042017
The first detailed description and analysis of the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme.
Author : Toshi H. Arimura,Shigeru Matsumoto
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2020-09-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789811569647
This open access book evaluates, from an economic perspective, various measures introduced in Japan to prevent climate change. Although various countries have implemented such policies in response to the pressing issue of climate change, the effectiveness of those programs has not been sufficiently compared. In particular, policy evaluations in the Asian region are far behind those in North America and Europe due to data limitations and political reasons. The first part of the book summarizes measures in different sectors in Japan to prevent climate change, such as emissions trading and carbon tax, and assesses their impact. The second part shows how those policies have changed the behavior of firms and households. In addition, it presents macro-economic simulations that consider the potential of renewable energy. Lastly, based on these comprehensive assessments, it compares the effectiveness of measures to prevent climate change in Japan and Western countries. Providing valuable insights, this book will appeal to both academic researchers and policymakers seeking cost-effective measures against climate change.
