The Evolution Of Information Sharing In Eu Counter Terrorism
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The Evolution of Information-sharing in EU Counter-terrorism by Christine Andreeva Pdf
Through a pioneering analysis of two critical junctures in EU counter-terrorism brought about by significant terrorist attacks, this topical book examines the drivers, conditions and impediments for policy integration and information-exchange institutionalisation in EU counter-terrorism.
EU Counter-Terrorism and Intelligence by Javier Argomaniz,Oldrich Bures,Christian Kaunert Pdf
The Treaty on the European Union stipulates that one of the key objectives of the Union is to provide citizens with a high level of safety within an Area of Freedom, Security and Justice. Given that the fight against terrorism is a prominent aspect of this general objective, it is remarkable that, in spite of its political relevance and decade-long history, it has only relatively recently received due attention in the academic community. Yet an analysis of the successes and failures of the EU's involvement in this field is imperative and this is a particularly pertinent moment to take stock of progress. The goal of this book is therefore to look back at the post-9/11 period and answer the question of whether, when it comes to the measures taken to combat terrorism following these attacks, the EU has lived up to the promise made in its founding treaties. In pursuing this goal, this volume presents the views of leading experts casting a critical eye over the EU's performance, recognising achievements but also being suitably critical when the realities did not match the European rhetoric. In doing this, the book makes a significant contribution not only to the scholarly investigation of European Union policies, but also to the study of counter-terrorism in general. This book was published as a special issue of Intelligence and National Security.
EU Counter-terrorism's Gradual Institutionalisation: Information-sharing and Cooperation in Law Enforcement and Intelligence Post-2015 by Christine Andreeva Pdf
EU counter-terrorism is a hybrid policy that, despite its incremental, exogenous-shock-driven integration, has evolved from de facto intergovernmental governance to gradually heading towards harmonisation. As terrorism is not an EU competence, policy-making in the area was for many years short-term and reactive instead of driven by strategically coordinated prevention and response. Despite the bodies and mechanisms in place to facilitate information-sharing and operational cooperation, until 2015 the latter were lacking to such an extent as to cause gaps in governance and operational inefficiency, including decreased capacity for prevention and response. This study focuses on the necessity, unparalleled in any other EU policy area, for operational cross-border cooperation and information exchange. This text explores the aftermath of two critical junctures in EU counter-terrorism brought about by two sets of terrorist attacks - in Madrid (2004) and London (2005), as well as in Paris (November 2015) and Brussels (2016). This analysis is carried out through the lens of a dual theoretical framework - historical institutionalism (HI) and constructivist institutionalism (CI) - which is novel to the field of EU counter-terrorism, wherein HI has previously been applied to the policy's scholarly analysis, however a combination of the two theoretical branches has not been utilised in this area thus far. This thesis analyses the consequences of these junctures for the development of EU counter-terrorism by enquiring into the conditions and circumstances for institutionalisation of the policy and examining its added value to national efforts. The study demonstrates the increased efficiency of cross-border and inter-agency coordination in EU counter-terrorism since 2015 due to improved institutional design and legislative frameworks, leading to further policy integration.
U.S.-EU Cooperation Against Terrorism by Kristin Archick Pdf
Examines the evolution of U.S.-European Union (EU) counter-terrorism cooperation. Contents: (1) Background on EU Efforts Against Terrorism; (2) U.S.-EU Counter-terrorism Cooperation: Progress to Date; New Law Enforce. and Intell. Cooperation Agree.; Stemming Terrorist Financing; Border Control and Transport Security: Container Security; Passenger Name Record Data; Aviation Security; (3) Ongoing Challenges: Data Privacy: Tracking Terrorist Financing; Sharing Airline Passenger Data; U.S.-EU Framework Agree. on Data Protection; Balancing Transatlantic Travel, Commerce, and Security: Visa Waiver Program; Cargo Screening; Detainee Issues and Civil Liberties; Differences in the U.S. and EU Terrorist Lists.
European Security, Terrorism and Intelligence by C. Kaunert,S. Leonard Pdf
The EU has long been seen as confederation that has failed to assert itself effectively on the international stage. In this collection, a series of experts discuss how the EU has shed its reputation as a weak international actor in light of its policies on police cooperation and intelligence-sharing as part of the global effort to combat terrorism
The Evolution of EU Counter-terrorism by Raphael Bossong Pdf
This book traces the evolution of the EU’s fight against terrorism from the late 1970s until the end of the first decade after 9/11. This historical analysis covers both EU-internal and international counterterrorism policies and features an in-depth account of the EU’s reaction to the terrorist incidents in New York, Madrid and London. In the first few weeks after these incidents, the EU mobilised a complex but also incoherent set of policy measures, which significantly influenced the course of European security over the years. From a theoretical perspective, this volume argues that context-specific factors dominated over functionalist considerations in the EU’s fight against terrorism. Building on frameworks from public policy analysis, the author demonstrates that EU institutions played a critical role as policy entrepreneurs, while the many security measures were chosen on the basis of timing rather than significance. Such short-term political dynamics also explain the implementation deficits and persistent imbalances in the EU’s counterterrorism policy; limitations which still hinder its fight against international terrorism. This book will be of much interest to students of EU policy, counter-terrorism, European security, public administration, foreign policy, and IR in general.
The Evolution of Counter-Terrorism Since 9/11 by Thomas Renard Pdf
This book examines the evolution of counter-terrorism (CT) policies in liberal democracies since 2001, with a specific focus on the case of Belgium. What is counter-terrorism (CT)? While the answer to this question may seem self-evident, it has become quite complicated to define the contours of a field that has expanded dramatically in the two decades since the 9/11 attacks. The development of "softer" policies, dealing with the prevention of radicalisation, has blurred the limits of CT. Through the use of public policy theory and an in-depth case study on Belgium, the book identifies the key factors influencing CT policy-making, both domestically and internationally, and offers an explanation for the development of a more comprehensive CT agenda across Europe. It provides an innovative theoretical approach and is also based on extensive interviews with key counter-terrorism officials and analysis of key policy documents. The book concludes by identifying some key drivers of change and offers an embryonic theory of CT policy-making. The book will be of much interest to students and practitioners of counter-terrorism, radicalisation, European politics and security studies.
Collective Securitization and Crisification of EU Policy Change by Christian Kaunert,Sarah Léonard Pdf
This book represents the first attempt to evaluate the first two decades of the EU counterterrorism policy. It aims to assess the collective securitization process in EU counterterrorism, evaluating this as a process between a construction of security threats and the development of supranational governance through crisification. Compared to the lack of shared perception of the terrorist threat and the virtual absence of counterterrorism cooperation amongst European states in the 1970s and 1980s, the existence of EU-wide debates, legislative instruments and practical cooperation nowadays is particularly remarkable. The chapters in this volume explore this change and seek to explain it by drawing upon the concept of ‘collective securitization’. The book posits that EU counterterrorism needs to be analysed as a process driven by collective securitization as part of an ongoing process of crisification that leads to increased supranational governance. The book is both extremely relevant and timely for readers outside the area of research for several reasons. First of all, EU counterterrorism is often argued to be at the forefront of the EU’s response to new security threats. The ‘EU acquis’ on the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ) has grown significantly over the last years. Consequently, it is crucial and very timely to examine EU counterterrorism – exactly 20 years after the first significant measures were adopted in the wake of 9/11. The chapters in this book were originally published in the journal Global Affairs.
A compelling new history of the EU and the people who sought to shape and challenge it--from Maastricht to today The European Union is the most ambitious, and one of the most contentious, international organizations ever created. Decisions made in Brussels shape the lives of over 500 million Europeans, and its laws and policies resonate around the world. But how has the EU endured over three turbulent decades marred by crises at home and abroad? In this major account, Dermot Hodson traces the development of the EU from its establishment in 1993 through to Brexit, Covid-19, and the invasion of Ukraine. Hodson shows how the union has been held together not by faceless technocrats but national leaders who stood together in times of turmoil despite a fierce backlash from a new generation of right-wing populists. Circle of Stars offers a rich appraisal of Europe's troubled past and turbulent present--focusing on the people who built the EU as we know it today.
European Security, Terrorism and Intelligence by C. Kaunert,S. Leonard Pdf
The EU has long been seen as confederation that has failed to assert itself effectively on the international stage. In this collection, a series of experts discuss how the EU has shed its reputation as a weak international actor in light of its policies on police cooperation and intelligence-sharing as part of the global effort to combat terrorism
Cultures of Counterterrorism by Silvia D'Amato Pdf
This book investigates counterterrorism responses from a strategic-culturalist perspective, focusing on France and Italy in the post-9/11 era. Terrorism occupies a predominant space within contemporary political debate across all European countries. Recent attacks in Europe have raised many questions about the status of counterterrorism structures within European countries, revealing a wide range of practical as well as discursive security implications. This work provides an original contribution to the understanding of counterterrorism by asking how values, norms, and a shared sense of identity matter in policy dynamics. It explores and assesses which cultural elements are relevant for the fight against terrorism and investigates the impact which these elements can have on practical approaches to terrorism. Despite the current attention to terrorist attacks in Europe, the cases of France and Italy in counterterrorism affairs are particularly overlooked by the existing literature; this book analyses, questions, and examines the strategy of these two countries through the instruments offered by the culturalist approaches to strategy. This book will be of much interest to students of terrorism studies, discourse analysis, European politics, security studies, and international relations in general.
The Evolving EU Counter-terrorism Legal Framework by Maria O'Neill Pdf
Since the coming into force of the Lisbon Treaty in 2009, and the contemporaneous publication of the Stockholm Programme, the area of freedom, security and justice has obtained a more secure legal basis within the EU treaty framework and now has a coherent policy programme set out for its development. A key aspect in the area of freedom, security and justice are the EU’s provisions dealing with counter-terrorism. This book examines the rapidly emerging area of EU law and policy on counter-terrorism, addressing these twin disciplines from both a theoretical and practical perspective. The Evolving EU Counter-Terrorism Legal Framework is the first comprehensive exposition of EU anti-terrorism law, bringing together laws and policies on terrorism from across the three distinct EU pillars, as well as exploring the legal framework for EU external relations in counter-terrorism. In focusing on this challenging area of EU legal policy which is presently under construction, the book brings greater clarity and critical analysis to the existing legal framework currently in place. In addition to considering the current legal circumstances, Maria O'Neill goes on to highlight potential difficulties which may occur in the future and suggests possible avenues for development of counter-terrorism provisions.
Data Protection and Digital Sovereignty Post-Brexit by Edoardo Celeste,Róisín Á Costello,Edina Harbinja,Napoleon Xanthoulis Pdf
One of the promises of Brexit was to allow the UK to regain its legislative sovereignty from the EU. However, after Brexit, UK data protection law must remain in line with EU standards in order not to lose the adequacy status that allows personal data to be transferred from the EU. This circumstance generates tensions between the EU, which is committed to preserving its digital sovereignty by ensuring an adequate protection of personal data even beyond its borders, and the UK's ambition to become a champion of the digital economy by adopting an innovative and pro-business legislation in the digital field. The book analyses the latest legal and policy developments in this context, focusing on data protection but also exploring its intersection with other related regulatory areas, such as artificial intelligence and online safety. Renowned international experts contextualise current regulatory trends and policy proposals to understand whether a new UK model in the field of digital regulation is emerging and to what extent this will exacerbate existing tensions between the UK and the EU. The book includes an accessible and detailed analysis of the major judicial decisions, laws, and current bills offering an invaluable guide to academics, practitioners, and policymakers navigating the complex issues of cross-border data protection post-Brexit.
Terrorism, Law and Policy: A Comparative Study is a textbook offering a comparative study of the terrorism-related legislation, policy and practice introduced from international governmental bodies such as the UN and the European Union, and individual states, with a focus on Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the UK and the US. It offers a uniquely legal perspective on key themes relating to terrorism and security. This new edition is brought fully up to date with the ever-changing developments in terrorist activity, as well as in states’ approaches to anti-terrorism legislation and policy. It includes new chapters on the far-right and extreme far-right cause, one on offering a comparative study of the anti-terrorism policies of states and international bodies, and the role of international and national counter-terrorism agencies, planning and preparing acts of terrorism and a new chapter on freedom of expression, hate crime and proscribing groups as terrorist organisations. Terrorism, Law and Policy: A Comparative Study is ideally suited for terrorism and security modules at undergraduate and postgraduate levels, and will also be of interest to practitioners working on the legal aspects of these areas.
