The Forging Of Bureaucratic Autonomy

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The Forging of Bureaucratic Autonomy

Daniel Carpenter
The Forging of Bureaucratic Autonomy Book PDF

Author : Daniel Carpenter
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 500 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2020-06-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780691214078

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The Forging of Bureaucratic Autonomy by Daniel Carpenter Pdf

Until now political scientists have devoted little attention to the origins of American bureaucracy and the relationship between bureaucratic and interest group politics. In this pioneering book, Daniel Carpenter contributes to our understanding of institutions by presenting a unified study of bureaucratic autonomy in democratic regimes. He focuses on the emergence of bureaucratic policy innovation in the United States during the Progressive Era, asking why the Post Office Department and the Department of Agriculture became politically independent authors of new policy and why the Interior Department did not. To explain these developments, Carpenter offers a new theory of bureaucratic autonomy grounded in organization theory, rational choice models, and network concepts. According to the author, bureaucracies with unique goals achieve autonomy when their middle-level officials establish reputations among diverse coalitions for effectively providing unique services. These coalitions enable agencies to resist political control and make it costly for politicians to ignore the agencies' ideas. Carpenter assesses his argument through a highly innovative combination of historical narratives, statistical analyses, counterfactuals, and carefully structured policy comparisons. Along the way, he reinterprets the rise of national food and drug regulation, Comstockery and the Progressive anti-vice movement, the emergence of American conservation policy, the ascent of the farm lobby, the creation of postal savings banks and free rural mail delivery, and even the congressional Cannon Revolt of 1910.

Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance

Ali Farazmand
Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration Public Policy and Governance Book PDF

Author : Ali Farazmand
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 13623 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2023-04-05
Category : Law
ISBN : 9783030662523

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Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance by Ali Farazmand Pdf

This global encyclopedic work serves as a comprehensive collection of global scholarship regarding the vast fields of public administration, public policy, governance, and management. Written and edited by leading international scholars and practitioners, this exhaustive resource covers all areas of the above fields and their numerous subfields of study. In keeping with the multidisciplinary spirit of these fields and subfields, the entries make use of various theoretical, empirical, analytical, practical, and methodological bases of knowledge. Expanded and updated, the second edition includes over a thousand of new entries representing the most current research in public administration, public policy, governance, nonprofit and nongovernmental organizations, and management covering such important sub-areas as: 1. organization theory, behavior, change and development; 2. administrative theory and practice; 3. Bureaucracy; 4. public budgeting and financial management; 5. public economy and public management 6. public personnel administration and labor-management relations; 7. crisis and emergency management; 8. institutional theory and public administration; 9. law and regulations; 10. ethics and accountability; 11. public governance and private governance; 12. Nonprofit management and nongovernmental organizations; 13. Social, health, and environmental policy areas; 14. pandemic and crisis management; 15. administrative and governance reforms; 16. comparative public administration and governance; 17. globalization and international issues; 18. performance management; 19. geographical areas of the world with country-focused entries like Japan, China, Latin America, Europe, Asia, Africa, the Middle East, Russia and Eastern Europe, North America; and 20. a lot more. Relevant to professionals, experts, scholars, general readers, researchers, policy makers and manger, and students worldwide, this work will serve as the most viable global reference source for those looking for an introduction and advance knowledge to the field.

Reputation and Power

Daniel Carpenter
Reputation and Power Book PDF

Author : Daniel Carpenter
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 856 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2014-04-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781400835119

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Reputation and Power by Daniel Carpenter Pdf

How the FDA became the world's most powerful regulatory agency The U.S. Food and Drug Administration is the most powerful regulatory agency in the world. How did the FDA become so influential? And how exactly does it wield its extraordinary power? Reputation and Power traces the history of FDA regulation of pharmaceuticals, revealing how the agency's organizational reputation has been the primary source of its power, yet also one of its ultimate constraints. Daniel Carpenter describes how the FDA cultivated a reputation for competence and vigilance throughout the last century, and how this organizational image has enabled the agency to regulate an industry as powerful as American pharmaceuticals while resisting efforts to curb its own authority. Carpenter explains how the FDA's reputation and power have played out among committees in Congress, and with drug companies, advocacy groups, the media, research hospitals and universities, and governments in Europe and India. He shows how FDA regulatory power has influenced the way that business, medicine, and science are conducted in the United States and worldwide. Along the way, Carpenter offers new insights into the therapeutic revolution of the 1940s and 1950s; the 1980s AIDS crisis; the advent of oral contraceptives and cancer chemotherapy; the rise of antiregulatory conservatism; and the FDA's waning influence in drug regulation today. Reputation and Power demonstrates how reputation shapes the power and behavior of government agencies, and sheds new light on how that power is used and contested. Some images inside the book are unavailable due to digital copyright restrictions.

Democracy by Petition

Daniel Carpenter
Democracy by Petition Book PDF

Author : Daniel Carpenter
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 649 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2021-05-04
Category : History
ISBN : 9780674247499

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Democracy by Petition by Daniel Carpenter Pdf

This pioneering work of political history recovers the central and largely forgotten role that petitioning played in the formative years of North American democracy. Known as the age of democracy, the nineteenth century witnessed the extension of the franchise and the rise of party politics. As Daniel Carpenter shows, however, democracy in America emerged not merely through elections and parties, but through the transformation of an ancient political tool: the petition. A statement of grievance accompanied by a list of signatures, the petition afforded women and men excluded from formal politics the chance to make their voices heard and to reshape the landscape of political possibility. Democracy by Petition traces the explosion and expansion of petitioning across the North American continent. Indigenous tribes in Canada, free Blacks from Boston to the British West Indies, Irish canal workers in Indiana, and Hispanic settlers in territorial New Mexico all used petitions to make claims on those in power. Petitions facilitated the extension of suffrage, the decline of feudal land tenure, and advances in liberty for women, African Americans, and Indigenous peoples. Even where petitioners failed in their immediate aims, their campaigns advanced democracy by setting agendas, recruiting people into political causes, and fostering aspirations of equality. Far more than periodic elections, petitions provided an everyday current of communication between officeholders and the people. The coming of democracy in America owes much to the unprecedented energy with which the petition was employed in the antebellum period. By uncovering this neglected yet vital strand of nineteenth-century life, Democracy by Petition will forever change how we understand our political history.

Political Struggles and the Forging of Autonomous Government Agencies

Cristopher Ballinas Valdés
Political Struggles and the Forging of Autonomous Government Agencies Book PDF

Author : Cristopher Ballinas Valdés
Publisher : Springer
Page : 255 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2011-06-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780230307957

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Political Struggles and the Forging of Autonomous Government Agencies by Cristopher Ballinas Valdés Pdf

Argues that autonomous agencies are not the result of a systematic design, but are produced by the interactions of political and bureaucratic forces. The case studies illustrate how political struggles between politicians and bureaucrats can create a muddle of agencies that lack coherence and are subject to conflicting levels of political control.

The Utopia of Rules

David Graeber
The Utopia of Rules Book PDF

Author : David Graeber
Publisher : Melville House
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2015-02-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781612193755

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The Utopia of Rules by David Graeber Pdf

From the author of the international bestseller Debt: The First 5,000 Years comes a revelatory account of the way bureaucracy rules our lives Where does the desire for endless rules, regulations, and bureaucracy come from? How did we come to spend so much of our time filling out forms? And is it really a cipher for state violence? To answer these questions, the anthropologist David Graeber—one of our most important and provocative thinkers—traces the peculiar and unexpected ways we relate to bureaucracy today, and reveals how it shapes our lives in ways we may not even notice…though he also suggests that there may be something perversely appealing—even romantic—about bureaucracy. Leaping from the ascendance of right-wing economics to the hidden meanings behind Sherlock Holmes and Batman, The Utopia of Rules is at once a powerful work of social theory in the tradition of Foucault and Marx, and an entertaining reckoning with popular culture that calls to mind Slavoj Zizek at his most accessible. An essential book for our times, The Utopia of Rules is sure to start a million conversations about the institutions that rule over us—and the better, freer world we should, perhaps, begin to imagine for ourselves.

Mobile World

Lynne Hamill,Amparo Lasen
Mobile World Book PDF

Author : Lynne Hamill,Amparo Lasen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2006-01-20
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781846282041

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Mobile World by Lynne Hamill,Amparo Lasen Pdf

There is a growing body of interesting research exploring the social shaping of mobile phones, covering a wide range of topics, from new forms of communication, to the changes in time organization, the uses of public places, the display of emotions and the formation and sustaining of communities. This book evaluates the launch and adoption of mobile phones, drawing out lessons for the future. In particular, it explores how social scientists can collaborate with designers and engineers in the development of new devices and uses. It will interest people from both industry and academia. Those working in the mobile communications industry in strategy, design and marketing will find this book of particular interest. In academia, undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as researchers in a wide range of social science fields will find it a useful reference: sociologists, economists, psychologists in areas such as Science and Technology studies; Cultural studies and New Media studies.

Public Sector Performance

Richard Kearney
Public Sector Performance Book PDF

Author : Richard Kearney
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 383 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2018-03-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780429977596

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Public Sector Performance by Richard Kearney Pdf

Confronted with rising citizen discontent, the Reinventing Government movement, and new technological challenges, public organizations everywhere are seeking means of improving their performance. Their quest is not new, rather, the concern with improving the performance of government organizations has existed since the Scientific Management Movement. Public Sector Performance brings together in a single volume the classic, enduring principles and processes that have defined the field of public sector performance, as written in the words of leading practitioners and scholars. Taken as a whole, this volume provides a performance compass for today's public managers, helping them to reconstruct the public's confidence in, and support of, government.Defined here as managing public organizations for outcomes, performance is examined in all its varied dimensions: organizing work, managing workers, measuring performance, and overcoming resistance to performance-enhancing innovations. The selected articles are interesting, thought provoking, and instructive. They are classics in that they have been widely cited in the scholarly literature and have enduring value to public managers who seek to understand the many dimensions of performance. The book is organized into three sections: Performance Foundations, Performance Strategies, and Performance Measurement. Excerpts from additional selected articles feature special topics and wisdom from performance experts.

The European Commission and Bureaucratic Autonomy

Antonis A. Ellinas,Ezra Suleiman
The European Commission and Bureaucratic Autonomy Book PDF

Author : Antonis A. Ellinas,Ezra Suleiman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 253 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2012-04-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781107023215

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The European Commission and Bureaucratic Autonomy by Antonis A. Ellinas,Ezra Suleiman Pdf

Documents the struggle of the European Commission to maintain its autonomy in a complex institutional setting and adverse political environment.

Patchwork Leviathan

Erin Metz McDonnell
Patchwork Leviathan Book PDF

Author : Erin Metz McDonnell
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2020-03-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780691197364

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Patchwork Leviathan by Erin Metz McDonnell Pdf

Corruption and ineffectiveness are often expected of public servants in developing countries. However, some groups within these states are distinctly more effective and public oriented than the rest. Why? Patchwork Leviathan explains how a few spectacularly effective state organizations manage to thrive amid general institutional weakness and succeed against impressive odds. Drawing on the Hobbesian image of the state as Leviathan, Erin Metz McDonnell argues that many seemingly weak states actually have a wide range of administrative capacities. Such states are in fact patchworks sewn loosely together from scarce resources into the semblance of unity. McDonnell demonstrates that when the human, cognitive, and material resources of bureaucracy are rare, it is critically important how they are distributed. Too often, scarce bureaucratic resources are scattered throughout the state, yielding little effect. McDonnell reveals how a sufficient concentration of resources clustered within particular pockets of a state can be transformative, enabling distinctively effective organizations to emerge from a sea of ineffectiveness. Patchwork Leviathan offers a comprehensive analysis of successful statecraft in institutionally challenging environments, drawing on cases from contemporary Ghana and Nigeria, mid-twentieth-century Kenya and Brazil, and China in the early twentieth century. Based on nearly two years of pioneering fieldwork in West Africa, this incisive book explains how these highly effective pockets differ from the Western bureaucracies on which so much state and organizational theory is based, providing a fresh answer to why well-funded global capacity-building reforms fail—and how they can do better.

Preventing Regulatory Capture

Daniel Carpenter,David A. Moss
Preventing Regulatory Capture Book PDF

Author : Daniel Carpenter,David A. Moss
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 531 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781107036086

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Preventing Regulatory Capture by Daniel Carpenter,David A. Moss Pdf

Leading scholars from across the social sciences present empirical evidence that the obstacle of regulatory capture is more surmountable than previously thought.

The Abolitionist Imagination

Andrew Delbanco,John Stauffer,Manisha Sinha,Darryl Pinckney,Wilfred M McClay
The Abolitionist Imagination Book PDF

Author : Andrew Delbanco,John Stauffer,Manisha Sinha,Darryl Pinckney,Wilfred M McClay
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2012-04-23
Category : History
ISBN : 9780674064904

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The Abolitionist Imagination by Andrew Delbanco,John Stauffer,Manisha Sinha,Darryl Pinckney,Wilfred M McClay Pdf

The abolitionists of the mid-nineteenth century have long been painted in extremes--vilified as reckless zealots who provoked the catastrophic bloodletting of the Civil War, or praised as daring and courageous reformers who hastened the end of slavery. But Andrew Delbanco sees abolitionists in a different light, as the embodiment of a driving force in American history: the recurrent impulse of an adamant minority to rid the world of outrageous evil. Delbanco imparts to the reader a sense of what it meant to be a thoughtful citizen in nineteenth-century America, appalled by slavery yet aware of the fragility of the republic and the high cost of radical action. In this light, we can better understand why the fiery vision of the "abolitionist imagination" alarmed such contemporary witnesses as Herman Melville and Nathaniel Hawthorne even as they sympathized with the cause. The story of the abolitionists thus becomes both a stirring tale of moral fervor and a cautionary tale of ideological certitude. And it raises the question of when the demand for purifying action is cogent and honorable, and when it is fanatic and irresponsible. Delbanco's work is placed in conversation with responses from literary scholars and historians. These provocative essays bring the past into urgent dialogue with the present, dissecting the power and legacies of a determined movement to bring America's reality into conformity with American ideals.

Deliberate Discretion?

John D. Huber,Charles R. Shipan
Deliberate Discretion Book PDF

Author : John D. Huber,Charles R. Shipan
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2002-09-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0521520703

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Deliberate Discretion? by John D. Huber,Charles R. Shipan Pdf

This book explains the different approaches legislators use when they write laws.

Obama and America’s Political Future

Theda Skocpol
Obama and America s Political Future Book PDF

Author : Theda Skocpol
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 127 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2012-09-04
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780674071643

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Obama and America’s Political Future by Theda Skocpol Pdf

Barack Obama’s galvanizing victory in 2008, coming amid the greatest economic crisis since the 1930s, opened the door to major reforms. But the president quickly faced skepticism from supporters and fierce opposition from Republicans, who scored sweeping wins in the 2010 midterm election. Here, noted political scientist Theda Skocpol surveys the political landscape and explores its most consequential questions: What happened to Obama’s “new New Deal”? Why have his achievements enraged opponents more than they have satisfied supporters? How has the Tea Party’s ascendance reshaped American politics? Skocpol’s compelling account rises above conventional wisdom and overwrought rhetoric. The Obama administration’s response to the recession produced bold initiatives—health care reform, changes in college loans, financial regulation—that promise security and opportunity. But these reforms are complex and will take years to implement. Potential beneficiaries do not readily understand them, yet the reforms alarm powerful interests and political enemies, creating the volatile mix of confusion and fear from which Tea Party forces erupted. Skocpol dissects the popular and elite components of the Tea Party reaction that has boosted the Republican Party while pushing it far to the right at a critical juncture for U.S. politics and governance. Skocpol’s analysis is accompanied by contributions from two fellow scholars and a former congressman. At this moment of economic uncertainty and extreme polarization, as voters prepare to render another verdict on Obama’s historic presidency, Skocpol and her respondents help us to understand its triumphs and setbacks and see where we might be headed next.

Embedded Autonomy

Peter B. Evans
Embedded Autonomy Book PDF

Author : Peter B. Evans
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2012-01-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 140082172X

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Embedded Autonomy by Peter B. Evans Pdf

In recent years, debate on the state's economic role has too often devolved into diatribes against intervention. Peter Evans questions such simplistic views, offering a new vision of why state involvement works in some cases and produces disasters in others. To illustrate, he looks at how state agencies, local entrepreneurs, and transnational corporations shaped the emergence of computer industries in Brazil, India, and Korea during the seventies and eighties. Evans starts with the idea that states vary in the way they are organized and tied to society. In some nations, like Zaire, the state is predatory, ruthlessly extracting and providing nothing of value in return. In others, like Korea, it is developmental, promoting industrial transformation. In still others, like Brazil and India, it is in between, sometimes helping, sometimes hindering. Evans's years of comparative research on the successes and failures of state involvement in the process of industrialization have here been crafted into a persuasive and entertaining work, which demonstrates that successful state action requires an understanding of its own limits, a realistic relationship to the global economy, and the combination of coherent internal organization and close links to society that Evans called "embedded autonomy."