The Four Voyages

Author : Laurence Bergreen
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 455 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2011-09-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9781101544327

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Columbus by Laurence Bergreen Pdf

From the author of the Magellan biography, Over the Edge of the World, a mesmerizing new account of the great explorer. Christopher Columbus's 1492 voyage across the Atlantic Ocean in search of a trading route to China, and his unexpected landfall in the Americas, is a watershed event in world history. Yet Columbus made three more voyages within the span of only a decade, each designed to demonstrate that he could sail to China within a matter of weeks and convert those he found there to Christianity. These later voyages were even more adventurous, violent, and ambiguous, but they revealed Columbus's uncanny sense of the sea, his mingled brilliance and delusion, and his superb navigational skills. In all these exploits he almost never lost a sailor. By their conclusion, however, Columbus was broken in body and spirit. If the first voyage illustrates the rewards of exploration, the latter voyages illustrate the tragic costs- political, moral, and economic. In rich detail Laurence Bergreen re-creates each of these adventures as well as the historical background of Columbus's celebrated, controversial career. Written from the participants' vivid perspectives, this breathtakingly dramatic account will be embraced by readers of Bergreen's previous biographies of Marco Polo and Magellan and by fans of Nathaniel Philbrick, Simon Winchester, and Tony Horwitz.

Author : Christopher Columbus
Publisher : Penguin UK
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2004-02-05
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780141920429

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The Four Voyages of Christopher Columbus by Christopher Columbus Pdf

No gamble in history has been more momentous than the landfall of Columbus's ship the Santa Maria in the Americas in 1492 - an event that paved the way for the conquest of a 'New World'. The accounts collected here provide a vivid narrative of his voyages throughout the Caribbean and finally to the mainland of Central America, although he still believed he had reached Asia. Columbus himself is revealed as a fascinating and contradictory figure, fluctuating from awed enthusiasm to paranoia and eccentric geographical speculation. Prey to petty quarrels with his officers, his pious desire to bring Christian civilization to 'savages' matched by his rapacity for gold, Columbus was nonetheless an explorer and seaman of staggering vision and achievement.

Author : Laurence Bergreen
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 773 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : History
ISBN : 1410441156

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Columbus by Laurence Bergreen Pdf

Originally published: New York: Viking Adult, 2011.

Author : Christopher Columbus
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 614 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : UTEXAS:059172110075815

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The Four Voyages of Columbus by Christopher Columbus Pdf

Author : Christopher Columbus
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1847
Category : America
ISBN : UOM:39015066479745

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Select Letters of Christopher Columbus by Christopher Columbus Pdf

Author : Christopher Columbus,Bartolome De Las Casas
Publisher : Martino Fine Books
Page : 94 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2011-02
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 1891396919

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The Log of Christopher Columbus' First Voyage to America in the Year 1492 by Christopher Columbus,Bartolome De Las Casas Pdf

2011 Reprint of the 1920 Edition. Illustrated by Cosgrove. Full facsimile of the original edition, not reproduced with Optical Recognition Software. This is the actual log of Christopher Columbus as copied out by his companion, Bartholomew Las Casas. Besides being authentic source material about the voyage and the core of the Columbus legend, this journal has all the day-by-day enchantment of a long sea voyage with all the drama of a small ship steering into the unknown-the first pelican, a crab in the seaweed, a branch of roseberries and a carved log found floating in the water, mutterings of mutiny and the constant watch for signs of land. John Cosgrove, the illustrator, adds to the book on every page with pictures of whales and riggings, compasses and charts, which are both decorative and accurate pictorial footnotes to the log.

Author : Benjamin Morrell
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 512 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1832
Category : Discoveries in geography
ISBN : UOM:39015022429941

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A Narrative of Four Voyages by Benjamin Morrell Pdf

Author : Amerigo Vespucci
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1894
Category : America
ISBN : HARVARD:32044009961863

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The Letters of Amerigo Vespucci and Other Documents Illustrating His Career by Amerigo Vespucci Pdf

Author : Christopher Columbus
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1893
Category : America
ISBN : PSU:000012952243

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Letter of Christopher Columbus to Rafael Sanchez by Christopher Columbus Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
Page : 510 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 0806123842

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The Diario of Christopher Columbus's First Voyage to America, 1492-1493 by Anonim Pdf

This definitive edition of Columbus's account of the voyage presents the most accurate printed version of his journal available to date. Unfortunately both Columbus's original manuscript, presented to Ferdinand and Isabella along with other evidence of his discoveries, and a single complete copy have been lost for centuries. The primary surviving record of the voyage-part quotation, part summary of the complete copy-is a transcription made by Bartolome de las Casas in the 1530s. This new edition of the Las Casas manuscript presents its entire contents-including notes, insertions, and canceled text-more accurately, completely, and graphically than any other Spanish text published so far. In addition, the new translation, which strives for readability and accuracy, appears on pages facing the Spanish, encouraging on-the- spot comparisons of the translation with the original. Study of the work is further facilitated by extensive notes, documenting differences between the editors' transcription and translation and those of other transcribers and translators and summarizing current research and debates on unanswered current research and debates on unanswered questions concerning the voyage. In addition to being the only edition in which Spanish and English are presented side by side, this edition includes the only concordance ever prepared for the Diario. Awaited by scholars, this new edition will help reduce the guesswork that has long plagued the study of Columbus's voyage. It may shed light on a number of issues related to Columbus's navigational methods and the identity of his landing places, issues whose resolution depend, at least in part, on an accurate transcription of the Diario. Containing day-by-day accounts of the voyage and the first sighting of land, of the first encounters with the native populations and the first appraisals of his islands explored, and of a suspenseful return voyage to Spain, the Diario provides a fascinating and useful account to historians, geographers, anthropologists, sailors, students, and anyone else interested in the discovery-or in a very good sea story. Oliver Dunn received the PH.D. degree from Cornell University. He is Professor Emeritus in Purdue University and a longtime student of Spanish and early history of Spanish America. James E. Kelley, Jr., received the M.A. degree from American University. A mathematician and computer and management consultant by vocation, for the past twenty years he has studied the history of European cartography and navigation in late-medieval times. Both are members of the Society for the History of Discoveries and have written extensively on the history of navigation and on Columbus's first voyage, Although they remain unconvinced of its conclusions, both were consultants to the National geographic Society's 1986 effort to establish Samana Cay as the site of Columbus's first landing.

Author : Carol Delaney
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2011-09-20
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9781439102329

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Columbus and the Quest for Jerusalem by Carol Delaney Pdf

FIVE HUNDRED YEARS AFTER HE SET SAIL, the dominant understanding of Christopher Columbus holds him responsible for almost everything that went wrong in the New World. Here, finally, is a book that will radically change our interpretation of the man and his mission. Scholar Carol Delaney claims that the true motivation for Columbus’s voyages is very different from what is commonly accepted. She argues that he was inspired to find a western route to the Orient not only to obtain vast sums of gold for the Spanish Crown but primarily to help fund a new crusade to take Jerusalem from the Muslims—a goal that sustained him until the day he died. Rather than an avaricious glory hunter, Delaney reveals Columbus as a man of deep passion, patience, and religious conviction. Delaney sets the stage by describing the tumultuous events that had beset Europe in the years leading up to Columbus’s birth—the failure of multiple crusades to keep Jerusalem in Christian hands; the devastation of the Black Plague; and the schisms in the Church. Then, just two years after his birth, the sacking of Constantinople by the Ottomans barred Christians from the trade route to the East and the pilgrimage route to Jerusalem. Columbus’s belief that he was destined to play a decisive role in the retaking of Jerusalem was the force that drove him to petition the Spanish monarchy to fund his journey, even in the face of ridicule about his idea of sailing west to reach the East. Columbus and the Quest for Jerusalem is based on extensive archival research, trips to Spain and Italy to visit important sites in Columbus’s life story, and a close reading of writings from his day. It recounts the drama of the four voyages, bringing the trials of ocean navigation vividly to life and showing Columbus for the master navigator that he was. Delaney offers not an apologist’s take, but a clear-eyed, thought-provoking, and timely reappraisal of the man and his legacy. She depicts him as a thoughtful interpreter of the native cultures that he and his men encountered, and unfolds the tragic story of how his initial attempts to establish good relations with the natives turned badly sour, culminating in his being brought back to Spain as a prisoner in chains. Putting Columbus back into the context of his times, rather than viewing him through the prism of present-day perspectives on colonial conquests, Delaney shows him to have been neither a greedy imperialist nor a quixotic adventurer, as he has lately been depicted, but a man driven by an abiding religious passion.

Author : Donald S. Johnson
Publisher : Kodansha Globe
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : America
ISBN : PSU:000025299212

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Charting the Sea of Darkness by Donald S. Johnson Pdf

NATIONAL BOOK AWARD NOMINEE Long regarded as the most magical of the European dynasties, the Rothschild family today remains one of the most powerful and wealthy in the world. No family in the past two centuries has been so constantly at the center of Europe's great events, has featured such varied and spectacular personalities, has had anything close to the wealth of the Rothschilds. In Frederic Morton's classic tale, the family is brought vividly to life. Here you'll meet characters as lively as you can imagine: Mayer, long-time advisor to Germany's princes, who broke through the barriers of a Frankfurt ghetto and placed his family on the road to wealth and power; Lord Alfred, who maintained a private train, private orchestra (which he conducted), and private circus (of which he was ringmaster); Baron Philippe, whose rarefied vintages bear labels created by great artists, among them Picasso, Dali, and Haring; and Kathleen Nica Rothschild de Koenigswarter, the "jazz baroness," in whose arms Charlie Parker died. The family itself has been at the center of some of the most crucial moments in history: the defeat of Napoleon at Waterloo, the development of the Suez Canal, the introduction of Jews in the House of Lords. Through it all, the Rothschild name has continued to represent the family ideal: a shrewd business and financial sense, activity in the Jewish community and the arts, and an always luxurious-and often eccentric-lifestyle. Nominated for a National Book Award when it was first published in 1962, Frederic Morton's The Rothschllds is here reissued with a new afterword by the author, bringing the tale of this extraordinary family to the present.

Author : Buddy Levy
Publisher : Bantam
Page : 458 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2009-07-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9780553384710

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Conquistador by Buddy Levy Pdf

In this astonishing work of scholarship that reads like an edge-of-your-seat adventure thriller, acclaimed historian Buddy Levy records the last days of the Aztec empire and the two men at the center of an epic clash of cultures perhaps unequaled to this day. It was a moment unique in human history, the face-to-face meeting between two men from civilizations a world apart. In 1519, Hernán Cortés arrived on the shores of Mexico, determined not only to expand the Spanish empire but to convert the natives to Catholicism and carry off a fortune in gold. That he saw nothing paradoxical in carrying out his intentions by virtually annihilating a proud and accomplished native people is one of the most remarkable and tragic aspects of this unforgettable story. In Tenochtitlán Cortés met his Aztec counterpart, Montezuma: king, divinity, commander of the most powerful military machine in the Americas and ruler of a city whose splendor equaled anything in Europe. Yet in less than two years, Cortés defeated the entire Aztec nation in one of the most astounding battles ever waged. The story of a lost kingdom, a relentless conqueror, and a doomed warrior, Conquistador is history at its most riveting.

Author : Robert McGhee
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2001-11-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780773569508

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Arctic Voyages of Martin Frobisher by Robert McGhee Pdf

From the book: "They were five weeks out of England, driving through a storm on the icy edge of the world, when a sudden blast knocked Gabriel on her side. The helmsman tried frantically to turn the tiny ship into the wind that pinned it down, but the rudder had lifted clear of the surface and took no purchase. Water poured over the side, roaring into hatches as the wind drove the vessel across the waves and the crew clung frozen in despair. Only the captain acted, scrambling along the almost-horizontal upper sides, casting off lines to spill wind from the sails, forcing the crew into action to cut away the mizzenmast and the broken foreyard, then preventing them from doing the same to the mainmast. Finally Gabriel rose sluggishly, heavy with seawater but steering slowly off the wind. A tangle of broken rigging and sodden sails, she wallowed before the storm through the remainder of the day and all of the following night, while the captain restored order and set men to pumping the ship dry." Under orders from Queen Elizabeth I, Gabriel's captain B privateer and adventurer Martin Frobisher B took up the search for a northwestern route to Asia. A few days after enduring the storm of 14 July 1576, Frobisher sighted the most easterly outlier of Arctic North America and for the first time England became aware of this vast northern region. Over the next three summers it would be the scene of an adventure involving the fruitless search for a northwest passage, the first attempt by the British to establish a settlement in the New World, and the first major gold-mining fraud in North American history. Over 1,200 tons of rock were mined from Baffin Island and shipped to England, where they were found to contain not an ounce of gold. Yet Frobisher's claim of possession established British interest in northern North America and was the first step in the eventual establishment of British sovereignty over the northern half of the American continent. Using reports from the men who participated in the venture, details preserved in the oral histories of the Inuit, and archaeological information recovered from the sites of Elizabethan activities on Baffin Island, Robert McGhee describes Frobisher's expeditions and offers new insights into this audacious venture. The story ends on an ironic note B the capital of the new Territory of Nunavut, which restores to the Inuit a measure of the sovereignty claimed for England by Frobisher, lies at the head of the bay named after him, where over four centuries ago the English first ventured into Arctic America.

Author : Barnes & Noble, Incorporated,Lorenzo Camusso
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 88 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : America
ISBN : 0880297077

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The Voyages of Columbus, 1492-1504 by Barnes & Noble, Incorporated,Lorenzo Camusso Pdf

Portrays the life of Columbus and his four voyages of exploration to the New World.