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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Basic Research
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Reference
ISBN : UCR:31210010532073
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Committee on Future Science Opportunities in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2011-11-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309214728
Antarctica and the surrounding Southern Ocean remains one of the world's last frontiers. Covering nearly 14 million km² (an area approximately 1.4 times the size of the United States), Antarctica is the coldest, driest, highest, and windiest continent on Earth. While it is challenging to live and work in this extreme environment, this region offers many opportunities for scientific research. Ever since the first humans set foot on Antarctica a little more than a century ago, the discoveries made there have advanced our scientific knowledge of the region, the world, and the Universe-but there is still much more to learn. However, conducting scientific research in the harsh environmental conditions of Antarctica is profoundly challenging. Substantial resources are needed to establish and maintain the infrastructure needed to provide heat, light, transportation, and drinking water, while at the same time minimizing pollution of the environment and ensuring the safety of researchers. Future Science Opportunities in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean suggests actions for the United States to achieve success for the next generation of Antarctic and Southern Ocean science. The report highlights important areas of research by encapsulating each into a single, overarching question. The questions fall into two broad themes: (1) those related to global change, and (2) those related to fundamental discoveries. In addition, the report identified key science questions that will drive research in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean in coming decades, and highlighted opportunities to be leveraged to sustain and improve the U.S. research efforts in the region.
Author : A. Elzinga
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2007-08-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780585288499
The core of this volume is a report from a symposium held at the University of Goteborg in the Fall of 1991. It deals with the interplay of science and politics and how^ such interplay affects research agendas. The focus is on polar research in Antarctica, a continent that has been much in the news during the past couple of years. It gives me particular pleasure to thank all the speakers who took part in the program. All of them have many commitments and involvements in international polar research and the protection of Antarctica for its scientific and aesthetic values. The fact that such a distinguished group has been willing to come to Goteborg, to my mind attests to the importance and timeliness of our topic and the relevance of epistemological and policy issues in this field. A presentation of each speaker and author is made within the relevant chapters in the text. My interest in the Antarctic has its origins in discussions with Anders Karlqvist, the Director of the Swedish Polar Research Secretariate at the Royal Academy of Science in Stockholm. Anders and I had worked together in the early 80's in a program on Technology and Culture, among other at the Research Policy Institute in Lund. At the time he was with the Swedish Council for Planning and Coordination of Research (FRN), its Committee for Future Oriented Research headed by Torsten Hagerstrand.
Author : National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Ocean Studies Board,Board on Earth Sciences and Resources,Committee on Future Directions for Southern Ocean and Antarctic Nearshore and Coastal Research
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2024-07-20
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0309706823
Antarctica hosts some of the harshest and most remote environments on Earth - and it is a region of vital importance for scientific research. The environment and position of Antarctica on the globe mean that research conducted there can offer unique insights on important Earth processes, including rising sea level, the carbon cycle, ecosystem structure. As the climate warms, data gathered from Antarctic research will be essential to understanding how Earth processes are changing and the potential social, economic, and health impacts on both U.S. and global populations. This report identifies the highest priorities for research in the Southern Ocean and nearshore and coastal Antarctica, as well as gaps in current capabilities to support this research. Global sea level rise, heat and carbon budgets, and changing ecosystems are the three highest-priority science drivers for research in the region. To address those drivers and maintain a robust U.S. research presence in this vitally important region, investments are needed in the U.S. Antarctic program and its research platforms, including the development of new technologies and the replacement of aging icebreaking research vessels. Additionally, the U.S. should strengthen relationships with other nations? Antarctic programs that can help support these essential science drivers.
Author : Jeffrey McGee,David Edmiston,Marcus Haward
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2021-12-03
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789811670954
As global great power competition intensifies, there is growing concern about the geopolitical future of Antarctica. This book delves into the question of how can we anticipate, prepare for, and potentially even shape that future? Now in its 60th year, the Antarctic Treaty System has been comparatively resilient and successful in governing the Antarctic region. This book assesses how our ability to make accurate predictions about the future of the Antarctic Treaty System reduces rapidly in the face of political and biophysical complexity, uncertainty, and the passage of time. This poses a critical risk for organisations making long-range decisions about their policy, strategy, and investments in the frozen south. Scenarios are useful planning tools for considering futures beyond the limits of standard prediction. This book explores how a multi-disciplinary focus of classical geopolitics might be applied systematically to create scenarios on Antarctic futures that are plausible, rigorous, and robust. This book illustrates a pragmatic, nine-step scenario development process, using the topical issue of military activities in Antarctica. Along the way, the authors make suggestions to augment current theory and practice of geopolitical scenario planning. In doing so, this book seeks to rediscover the importance of a classical (primarily state-centric) lens on Antarctic geopolitics, which in recent decades has been overshadowed by more critical perspectives. This book is written for anyone with an interest in the rigorous assessment of geopolitical futures - in Antarctica and beyond.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Committee on the Development of a Strategic Vision for the U.S. Antarctic Program
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2015-10-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309373708
Antarctic and Southern Ocean scientific research has produced a wide array of important and exciting scientific advances. Spanning oceanography to tectonics, microbiology to astrophysics, the extreme Antarctic environment provides unique opportunities to expand our knowledge about how our planet works and even the very origins of the universe. Research on the Southern Ocean and the Antarctic ice sheets is becoming increasingly urgent not only for understanding the future of the region but also its interconnections with and impacts on many other parts of the globe. The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) provides U.S. researchers with broad access to the continent and its surrounding ocean. A Strategic Vision for NSF Investments in Antarctic and Southern Ocean Research identifies priorities and strategic steps forward for Antarctic research and observations for the next decade. This survey presents a decadal vision for strategic investments in compelling research and the infrastructure most critical for supporting this research. This report makes recommendations for high-priority, larger-scale, community-driven research initiatives that address questions poised for significant advance with the next decades. This report also outlines a roadmap through which the vision and these priorities can be met.
Author : Mary A. Mcwhinnie
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2019-07-16
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781000305913
Highlighting twenty years of U.S. scientific research conducted since the International Geophysical Year (IGY) of 1957-58, this volume marks a turning point in the history of polar investigations and provides a lucid summary of the contributions of many distinguished scientists. The authors provide an overview of major polar research programs, past and present; explore concepts derived, from highly interrelated aspects of physical and life sciences; and seek to offer a glimpse of future polar science and polar development. The introduction briefly describes major physical, biological, and interdisciplinary research programs, as well as the magnitude, extent, and international character of contemporary polar science. Twenty years of polar biological investigations are then reviewed, and subsequent chapters address principles and advances in meteorology, physical oceanography, glaciology, and the geological evidence that hears on the origin of Antarctica. These physical sciences delineate a matrix for the polar biospheres and provide a background for understanding the major categories of structure and dynamic functioning of the marine ecosystem, polar marine mammals, adaptational physiology, and terrestrial biotic adaptations.
Author : National Research Council (U.S.). Polar Research Board
Publisher : National Academies
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Research
ISBN : UOM:39015017871685
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Polar Research Board,Committee on Antarctic Policy and Science
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 122 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1993-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309049474
With the negotiation of the International Protocol on Environmental Protection in 1991, those nations conducting scientific research programs in Antarctica face new challenges for stewardship of the southern continent and protection of its environment. Science and Stewardship in the Antarctic examines how the implementation of the 1991 agreement in the United States can be done in such a way to ensure the compatibility of scientific and environmental protection goals in this global laboratory. The book also addresses the potential for the new requirements both to benefit and harm research activities in Antarctica.
Author : C. S. M. Doake
Publisher : CUP Archive
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 1987-04-23
Category : Nature
ISBN : 052126233X
This beautifully illustrated book reviews the development of science in Antarctica from its early beginnings, in the age of Captain Cook, to the present complexity of the 1980s when research teams from many nations work side by side. Three major areas, biological science, the earth sciences and atmospheric science are examined individually, highlighting the principal achievements of the past 25 years, and providing an up-to-date account of our present understanding of this frozen continent. Concern over the future of the Antarctic Treaty and the probable main directions of future research, provide an indication of the importance of Antarctica to all scientific disciplines. This unique natural laboratory for science is now being investigated by eighteen countries. International interest in Antarctica grows apace and, whatever its future use by mankind, its sensible management will require a good, scientific basis.
Author : Ilan Kelman
Publisher : UCL Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2022-02-08
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781800081444
Antarcticness joins disciplines, communication approaches and ideas to explore meanings and depictions of Antarctica. Personal and professional words in poetry and prose, plus images, present and represent Antarctica, as presumed and as imagined, alongside what is experienced around the continent and by those watching from afar. These understandings explain how the Antarctic is viewed and managed while identifying aspects which should be more prominent in policy and practice. The authors and artists place Antarctica, and the perceptions and knowledge through Antarcticness, within inspirations and imaginations, without losing sight of the multiple interests pushing the continent’s governance as it goes through rapid political and environmental changes. Given the diversity and disparity of the influences and changes, the book’s contributions connect to provide a more coherent and encompassing perspective of how society views Antarctica, scientifically and artistically, and what the continent provides and could provide politically, culturally and environmentally. Offering original research, art and interpretations of different experiences and explorations of Antarctica, explanations meld with narratives while academic analyses overlap with first-hand experiences of what Antarctica does and does not – could and could not – bring to the world.
Author : National Research Council (U.S.). Polar Research Board. Ad Hoc Committee on Antarctic Geosciences
Publisher : National Academies
Page : 54 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Antarctica
ISBN : UVA:35007004703009
Report advocates a directed change in the U.S. approach to antarctic geoscience research, which involves focussing much of the future research into two geotraverse zones.
Author : Fabio Florindo,Martin Siegert
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 606 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2008-10-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080931618
Antarctic Climate Evolution is the first book dedicated to furthering knowledge on the evolution of the world’s largest ice sheet over its ~34 million year history. This volume provides the latest information on subjects ranging from terrestrial and marine geology to sedimentology and glacier geophysics. An overview of Antarctic climate change, analyzing historical, present-day and future developments Contributions from leading experts and scholars from around the world Informs and updates climate change scientists and experts in related areas of study
Author : Alex D. Rogers,Nadine M. Johnston,Eugene J. Murphy,Andrew Clarke
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 585 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2012-02-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781444347227
Since its discovery Antarctica has held a deep fascination for biologists. Extreme environmental conditions, seasonality and isolation have lead to some of the most striking examples of natural selection and adaptation on Earth. Paradoxically, some of these adaptations may pose constraints on the ability of the Antarctic biota to respond to climate change. Parts of Antarctica are showing some of the largest changes in temperature and other environmental conditions in the world. In this volume, published in association with the Royal Society, leading polar scientists present a synthesis of the latest research on the biological systems in Antarctica, covering organisms from microbes to vertebrate higher predators. This book comes at a time when new technologies and approaches allow the implications of climate change and other direct human impacts on Antarctica to be viewed at a range of scales; across entire regions, whole ecosystems and down to the level of species and variation within their genomes. Chapters address both Antarctic terrestrial and marine ecosystems, and the scientific and management challenges of the future are explored.
Author : Grahame Cook
Publisher : Manchester University Press
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Antarctic Regions
ISBN : 0719034493
Proceedings of a conference whose multidisciplinary approach provide an overview of the debate about appropriate future environmental protection of Antarctica, particularly in relation to possible exploitation of its little known mineral resources.
