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Geometrical Methods in the Theory of Ordinary Differential Equations by V.I. Arnold Pdf
Since the first edition of this book, geometrical methods in the theory of ordinary differential equations have become very popular and some progress has been made partly with the help of computers. Much of this progress is represented in this revised, expanded edition, including such topics as the Feigenbaum universality of period doubling, the Zoladec solution, the Iljashenko proof, the Ecalle and Voronin theory, the Varchenko and Hovanski theorems, and the Neistadt theory. In the selection of material for this book, the author explains basic ideas and methods applicable to the study of differential equations. Special efforts were made to keep the basic ideas free from excessive technicalities. Thus the most fundamental questions are considered in great detail, while of the more special and difficult parts of the theory have the character of a survey. Consequently, the reader needs only a general mathematical knowledge to easily follow this text. It is directed to mathematicians, as well as all users of the theory of differential equations.
The Geometrical Study of Differential Equations by Joshua Allensworth Leslie,Thierry P. Robart Pdf
This volume contains papers based on some of the talks given at the NSF-CBMS conference on ``The Geometrical Study of Differential Equations'' held at Howard University (Washington, DC). The collected papers present important recent developments in this area, including the treatment of nontransversal group actions in the theory of group invariant solutions of PDEs, a method for obtaining discrete symmetries of differential equations, the establishment of a group-invariant version of the variational complex based on a general moving frame construction, the introduction of a new variational complex for the calculus of difference equations and an original structural investigation of Lie-Backlund transformations. The book opens with a modern and illuminating overview of Lie's line-sphere correspondence and concludes with several interesting open problems arising from symmetry analysis of PDEs. It offers a rich source of inspiration for new or established researchers in the field. This book can serve nicely as a companion volume to a forthcoming book written by the principle speaker at the conference, Professor Niky Kamran, to be published in the AMS series, CBMS Regional Conference Series in Mathematics.
Geometrical Properties of Differential Equations by Ljudmila A Bordag Pdf
This textbook is a short comprehensive and intuitive introduction to Lie group analysis of ordinary and partial differential equations. This practical-oriented material contains a large number of examples and problems accompanied by detailed solutions and figures. In comparison with the known beginner guides to Lie group analysis, the book is oriented toward students who are interested in financial mathematics, mathematical finance and economics. We provide the results of the Lie group analysis of actual models in Financial Mathematics using recent publications. These models are usually formulated as nonlinear partial differential equations and are rather difficult to make use of. With the help of Lie group analysis it is possible to describe some important properties of these models and to obtain interesting reductions in a clear and understandable algorithmic way. The book can serve as a short introduction for a further study of modern geometrical analysis applied to models in financial mathematics. It can also be used as textbook in a master's program, in an intensive compact course, or for self study. The textbook with a large number of examples will be useful not only for students who are interested in Financial Mathematics but also for people who are working in other areas of research that are not directly connected with Physics (for instance in such areas of Applied Mathematics like mathematical economy, bio systems, coding theory, etc.).
Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations by Luigi Ambrosio,Norman Dancer Pdf
At the summer school in Pisa in September 1996, Luigi Ambrosio and Norman Dancer each gave a course on the geometric problem of evolution of a surface by mean curvature, and degree theory with applications to PDEs respectively. This self-contained presentation accessible to PhD students bridged the gap between standard courses and advanced research on these topics. The resulting book is divided accordingly into 2 parts, and neatly illustrates the 2-way interaction of problems and methods. Each of the courses is augmented and complemented by additional short chapters by other authors describing current research problems and results.
Geometric Analysis and Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations by Stefan Hildebrandt Pdf
This well-organized and coherent collection of papers leads the reader to the frontiers of present research in the theory of nonlinear partial differential equations and the calculus of variations and offers insight into some exciting developments. In addition, most articles also provide an excellent introduction to their background, describing extensively as they do the history of those problems presented, as well as the state of the art and offer a well-chosen guide to the literature. Part I contains the contributions of geometric nature: From spectral theory on regular and singular spaces to regularity theory of solutions of variational problems. Part II consists of articles on partial differential equations which originate from problems in physics, biology and stochastics. They cover elliptic, hyperbolic and parabolic cases.
Differential Geometry and Its Applications by John Oprea Pdf
Differential Geometry and Its Applications studies the differential geometry of surfaces with the goal of helping students make the transition from the compartmentalized courses in a standard university curriculum to a type of mathematics that is a unified whole. It mixes geometry, calculus, linear algebra, differential equations, complex variables, the calculus of variations, and notions from the sciences. That mix of ideas offers students the opportunity to visualize concepts through the use of computer algebra systems such as Maple. Differential Geometry and Its Applications emphasizes that this visualization goes hand in hand with understanding the mathematics behind the computer construction. The book is rich in results and exercises that form a continuous spectrum, from those that depend on calculation to proofs that are quite abstract.
Seminar on Differential Geometry by Shing-Tung Yau,Institute for Advanced Study (Princeton, N.J.) Pdf
This collection of papers constitutes a wide-ranging survey of recent developments in differential geometry and its interactions with other fields, especially partial differential equations and mathematical physics. This area of mathematics was the subject of a special program at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton during the academic year 1979-1980; the papers in this volume were contributed by the speakers in the sequence of seminars organized by Shing-Tung Yau for this program. Both survey articles and articles presenting new results are included. The articles on differential geometry and partial differential equations include a general survey article by the editor on the relationship of the two fields and more specialized articles on topics including harmonic mappings, isoperimetric and Poincaré inequalities, metrics with specified curvature properties, the Monge-Arnpere equation, L2 harmonic forms and cohomology, manifolds of positive curvature, isometric embedding, and Kraumlhler manifolds and metrics. The articles on differential geometry and mathematical physics cover such topics as renormalization, instantons, gauge fields and the Yang-Mills equation, nonlinear evolution equations, incompleteness of space-times, black holes, and quantum gravity. A feature of special interest is the inclusion of a list of more than one hundred unsolved research problems compiled by the editor with comments and bibliographical information.
Differential Geometry, Differential Equations, and Mathematical Physics by Maria Ulan,Eivind Schneider Pdf
This volume presents lectures given at the Wisła 19 Summer School: Differential Geometry, Differential Equations, and Mathematical Physics, which took place from August 19 - 29th, 2019 in Wisła, Poland, and was organized by the Baltic Institute of Mathematics. The lectures were dedicated to symplectic and Poisson geometry, tractor calculus, and the integration of ordinary differential equations, and are included here as lecture notes comprising the first three chapters. Following this, chapters combine theoretical and applied perspectives to explore topics at the intersection of differential geometry, differential equations, and mathematical physics. Specific topics covered include: Parabolic geometry Geometric methods for solving PDEs in physics, mathematical biology, and mathematical finance Darcy and Euler flows of real gases Differential invariants for fluid and gas flow Differential Geometry, Differential Equations, and Mathematical Physics is ideal for graduate students and researchers working in these areas. A basic understanding of differential geometry is assumed.
Qualitative Theory of Differential Equations by Zhifen Zhang Pdf
Subriemannian geometries, also known as Carnot-Caratheodory geometries, can be viewed as limits of Riemannian geometries. They also arise in physical phenomenon involving ``geometric phases'' or holonomy. Very roughly speaking, a subriemannian geometry consists of a manifold endowed with a distribution (meaning a $k$-plane field, or subbundle of the tangent bundle), called horizontal together with an inner product on that distribution. If $k=n$, the dimension of the manifold, we get the usual Riemannian geometry. Given a subriemannian geometry, we can define the distance between two points just as in the Riemannian case, except we are only allowed to travel along the horizontal lines between two points. The book is devoted to the study of subriemannian geometries, their geodesics, and their applications. It starts with the simplest nontrivial example of a subriemannian geometry: the two-dimensional isoperimetric problem reformulated as a problem of finding subriemannian geodesics. Among topics discussed in other chapters of the first part of the book the author mentions an elementary exposition of Gromov's surprising idea to use subriemannian geometry for proving a theorem in discrete group theory and Cartan's method of equivalence applied to the problem of understanding invariants (diffeomorphism types) of distributions. There is also a chapter devoted to open problems. The second part of the book is devoted to applications of subriemannian geometry. In particular, the author describes in detail the following four physical problems: Berry's phase in quantum mechanics, the problem of a falling cat righting herself, that of a microorganism swimming, and a phase problem arising in the $N$-body problem. He shows that all these problems can be studied using the same underlying type of subriemannian geometry: that of a principal bundle endowed with $G$-invariant metrics. Reading the book requires introductory knowledge of differential geometry, and it can serve as a good introduction to this new, exciting area of mathematics. This book provides an introduction to and a comprehensive study of the qualitative theory of ordinary differential equations. It begins with fundamental theorems on existence, uniqueness, and initial conditions, and discusses basic principles in dynamical systems and Poincare-Bendixson theory. The authors present a careful analysis of solutions near critical points of linear and nonlinear planar systems and discuss indices of planar critical points. A very thorough study of limit cycles is given, including many results on quadratic systems and recent developments in China. Other topics included are: the critical point at infinity, harmonic solutions for periodic differential equations, systems of ordinary differential equations on the torus, and structural stability for systems on two-dimensional manifolds. This books is accessible to graduate students and advanced undergraduates and is also of interest to researchers in this area. Exercises are included at the end of each chapter.
Linear Differential Equations and Group Theory from Riemann to Poincare by Jeremy Gray Pdf
This book is a study of how a particular vision of the unity of mathematics, often called geometric function theory, was created in the 19th century. The central focus is on the convergence of three mathematical topics: the hypergeometric and related linear differential equations, group theory, and on-Euclidean geometry. The text for this second edition has been greatly expanded and revised, and the existing appendices enriched. The exercises have been retained, making it possible to use the book as a companion to mathematics courses at the graduate level.
Geometrical Themes Inspired by the N-body Problem by Luis Hernández-Lamoneda,Haydeé Herrera,Rafael Herrera Pdf
Presenting a selection of recent developments in geometrical problems inspired by the N-body problem, these lecture notes offer a variety of approaches to study them, ranging from variational to dynamical, while developing new insights, making geometrical and topological detours, and providing historical references. A. Guillot’s notes aim to describe differential equations in the complex domain, motivated by the evolution of N particles moving on the plane subject to the influence of a magnetic field. Guillot studies such differential equations using different geometric structures on complex curves (in the sense of W. Thurston) in order to find isochronicity conditions. R. Montgomery’s notes deal with a version of the planar Newtonian three-body equation. Namely, he investigates the problem of whether every free homotopy class is realized by a periodic geodesic. The solution involves geometry, dynamical systems, and the McGehee blow-up. A novelty of the approach is the use of energy-balance in order to motivate the McGehee transformation. A. Pedroza’s notes provide a brief introduction to Lagrangian Floer homology and its relation to the solution of the Arnol’d conjecture on the minimal number of non-degenerate fixed points of a Hamiltonian diffeomorphism.
Applications of Analytic and Geometric Methods to Nonlinear Differential Equations by P.A. Clarkson Pdf
In the study of integrable systems, two different approaches in particular have attracted considerable attention during the past twenty years. (1) The inverse scattering transform (IST), using complex function theory, which has been employed to solve many physically significant equations, the `soliton' equations. (2) Twistor theory, using differential geometry, which has been used to solve the self-dual Yang--Mills (SDYM) equations, a four-dimensional system having important applications in mathematical physics. Both soliton and the SDYM equations have rich algebraic structures which have been extensively studied. Recently, it has been conjectured that, in some sense, all soliton equations arise as special cases of the SDYM equations; subsequently many have been discovered as either exact or asymptotic reductions of the SDYM equations. Consequently what seems to be emerging is that a natural, physically significant system such as the SDYM equations provides the basis for a unifying framework underlying this class of integrable systems, i.e. `soliton' systems. This book contains several articles on the reduction of the SDYM equations to soliton equations and the relationship between the IST and twistor methods. The majority of nonlinear evolution equations are nonintegrable, and so asymptotic, numerical perturbation and reduction techniques are often used to study such equations. This book also contains articles on perturbed soliton equations. Painlevé analysis of partial differential equations, studies of the Painlevé equations and symmetry reductions of nonlinear partial differential equations. (ABSTRACT) In the study of integrable systems, two different approaches in particular have attracted considerable attention during the past twenty years; the inverse scattering transform (IST), for `soliton' equations and twistor theory, for the self-dual Yang--Mills (SDYM) equations. This book contains several articles on the reduction of the SDYM equations to soliton equations and the relationship between the IST and twistor methods. Additionally, it contains articles on perturbed soliton equations, Painlevé analysis of partial differential equations, studies of the Painlevé equations and symmetry reductions of nonlinear partial differential equations.
Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations in Differential Geometry by Robert Hardt Pdf
What distinguishes differential geometry in the last half of the twentieth century from its earlier history is the use of nonlinear partial differential equations in the study of curved manifolds, submanifolds, mapping problems, and function theory on manifolds, among other topics. The differential equations appear as tools and as objects of study, with analytic and geometric advances fueling each other in the current explosion of progress in this area of geometry in the last twenty years. This book contains lecture notes of minicourses at the Regional Geometry Institute at Park City, Utah, in.
