The Geopolitics Of U S Overseas Troops And Withdrawal

Author : Jo Jakobsen
Publisher : Palgrave Macmillan
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2023-03-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 3030944905

Get Book

The Geopolitics of U.S. Overseas Troops and Withdrawal by Jo Jakobsen Pdf

Why is it so difficult for a great power or a hegemon to retrench its overseas military power? Specifically, why are U.S. military bases and troops still largely where they were five years ago, twenty years ago, or even seventy years ago? Through developing a theory of great-power persistence, this book offers an explanation. Closely aligned with neoclassical realism, the theory argues that the murkiness of the anarchic international system combines with specific psychological inclinations of individuals to produce “better-safe-than-sorry” policies. In the United States, decisions on troop deployments are powerfully influenced by the broader foreign-policy community. Its members tend to be risk-averse and highly sensitive to the possibility that even minor troop withdrawals might set off harmful geopolitical chain reactions. Preferring the status quo over any uncertain alternative, they want their country to continue to maximize its influence and project its military power abroad in order to steady wobbling geopolitical “dominoes.” The theory is put to the empirical test through a systematic analysis of U.S. overseas troop deployments, withdrawal attempts, and retrenchment resistance during the presidency of Donald Trump, which represents an ideal test case for these mechanisms. Even if U.S. voters elected a retrenchment advocate as president, and despite that the United States is a gradually declining power, the period saw very little change in U.S. overseas troop deployments. The book concludes that, barring any dramatic, unforeseeable international event, the vast network of overseas U.S. military bases and troops is likely to persist for a long time to come.

Author : Jo Jakobsen
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2022-02-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783030944889

Get Book

The Geopolitics of U.S. Overseas Troops and Withdrawal by Jo Jakobsen Pdf

Why is it so difficult for a great power or a hegemon to retrench its overseas military power? Specifically, why are U.S. military bases and troops still largely where they were five years ago, twenty years ago, or even seventy years ago? Through developing a theory of great-power persistence, this book offers an explanation. Closely aligned with neoclassical realism, the theory argues that the murkiness of the anarchic international system combines with specific psychological inclinations of individuals to produce “better-safe-than-sorry” policies. In the United States, decisions on troop deployments are powerfully influenced by the broader foreign-policy community. Its members tend to be risk-averse and highly sensitive to the possibility that even minor troop withdrawals might set off harmful geopolitical chain reactions. Preferring the status quo over any uncertain alternative, they want their country to continue to maximize its influence and project its military power abroad in order to steady wobbling geopolitical “dominoes.” The theory is put to the empirical test through a systematic analysis of U.S. overseas troop deployments, withdrawal attempts, and retrenchment resistance during the presidency of Donald Trump, which represents an ideal test case for these mechanisms. Even if U.S. voters elected a retrenchment advocate as president, and despite that the United States is a gradually declining power, the period saw very little change in U.S. overseas troop deployments. The book concludes that, barring any dramatic, unforeseeable international event, the vast network of overseas U.S. military bases and troops is likely to persist for a long time to come.

Author : Robert E. Harkavy
Publisher : Pergamon
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015004769405

Get Book

Great Power Competition for Overseas Bases by Robert E. Harkavy Pdf

New surges of interest in geostrategic aspects of basing and "linkage politics" were generated by the U.S. arms resupply to Isreal in 1973 and Soviet armaments to Angola, Mozambique, Ethiopia, and Vietnam; Arab attempts to nudge the West out of Mediterranean and Persian Gulf bases and Soviet access problems to Egypt, Syria, Libya, Somalia, and Ethiopia; raw material sources and SALT verification needs; and "surrogate wars" and rescue missions. Harkavy seeks to tie different streams of contemporary international relations theory to great power competition for three-dimensional national security needs, such as new technologies and related defense needs for communications, deep ocean and space surveillance, seismological observations and air isotope sampling.

Author : Ajaya K. Sahoo
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 490 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2023-12-07
Category : Reference
ISBN : 9781000999099

Get Book

Routledge Handbook of South Asian Migrations by Ajaya K. Sahoo Pdf

Routledge Handbook of South Asian Migrations presents cutting-edge research on South Asian migrants written from a diverse theoretical and methodological perspective by leading scholars from around the world. This book provides a comprehensive understanding of how South Asians negotiate and promote South Asian culture both within and outside the region while undergoing several challenges during the process of migration. The Handbook covers many dimensions of South Asian migrations written by leading scholars from across the world, including but not limited to sociology, history, anthropology, economics, political science, geography, education, psychology, literature, and cultural studies. Divided thematically into five broad sections the chapters critically analyse some of the pertinent issues of South Asian migrations: • Contextualizing South Asian Migrations • Migration, Language, and Identity • Politics of Migration and Development • Gender, Culture, and Migration • Migration, Diaspora, and Transnationalism Addressing these issues from a multidisciplinary, multigenerational, multiracial, and multi-ethnic perspective, the Routledge Handbook of South Asian Migrations fills a gap in the literature and is an invaluable resource for students and scholars throughout the social sciences and humanities.

Author : Mahir Ibrahimov,Gustav A. Otto,Lee G. Gentile (Jr.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Eurasia
ISBN : 1940804310

Get Book

Cultural Perspectives, Geopolitics, & Energy Security of Eurasia by Mahir Ibrahimov,Gustav A. Otto,Lee G. Gentile (Jr.) Pdf

Author : Michael Moodie,Ronald O'Rourke
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 34 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2019-09-14
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1693215241

Get Book

U. S. Role in the World by Michael Moodie,Ronald O'Rourke Pdf

The U.S. role in the world refers to the overall character, purpose, or direction of U.S. participation in international affairs and the country's overall relationship to the rest of the world. The U.S. role in the world can be viewed as establishing the overall context or framework for U.S. policymakers for developing, implementing, and measuring the success of U.S. policies and actions on specific international issues, and for foreign countries or other observers for interpreting and understanding U.S. actions on the world stage. While descriptions of the U.S. role in the world since the end of World War II vary in their specifics, it can be described in general terms as consisting of four key elements: global leadership; defense and promotion of the liberal international order; defense and promotion of freedom, democracy, and human rights; and prevention of the emergence of regional hegemons in Eurasia. The issue for Congress is whether the U.S. role in the world is changing, and if so, what implications this might have for the United States and the world. A change in the U.S. role could have significant and even profound effects on U.S. security, freedom, and prosperity. It could significantly affect U.S. policy in areas such as relations with allies and other countries, defense plans and programs, trade and international finance, foreign assistance, and human rights. Some observers, particularly critics of the Trump Administration, argue that under the Trump Administration, the United States is substantially changing the U.S. role in the world. Other observers, particularly supporters of the Trump Administration, while acknowledging that the Trump Administration has changed U.S. foreign policy in a number of areas compared to policies pursued by the Obama Administration, argue that under the Trump Administration, there has been less change and more continuity regarding the U.S. role in the world. Some observers who assess that the United States under the Trump Administration is substantially changing the U.S. role in the world-particularly critics of the Trump Administration, and also some who were critical of the Obama Administration-view the implications of that change as undesirable. They view the change as an unnecessary retreat from U.S. global leadership and a gratuitous discarding of long-held U.S. values, and judge it to be an unforced error of immense proportions-a needless and self-defeating squandering of something of great value to the United States that the United States had worked to build and maintain for 70 years. Other observers who assess that there has been a change in the U.S. role in the world in recent years-particularly supporters of the Trump Administration, but also some observers who were arguing even prior to the Trump Administration in favor of a more restrained U.S. role in the world-view the change in the U.S. role, or at least certain aspects of it, as helpful for responding to changed U.S. and global circumstances and for defending U.S. interests. Congress's decisions regarding the U.S role in the world could have significant implications for numerous policies, plans, programs, and budgets, and for the role of Congress relative to that of the executive branch in U.S. foreign policymaking.

Author : Mustafa Demir
Publisher : Lexington Books
Page : 146 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2019-04-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781498571647

Get Book

The Geopolitics of Turkey–Kurdistan Relations by Mustafa Demir Pdf

The main objective of this book is to understand the extent and the motives behind the shift in Turkey’s foreign policy towards the Kurdistan Regional Government (hereafter the KRG) from an alternative globalist perspective, and to do so it examines a ten-year period of Turkey’s foreign policy on the KRG, from 2003 to 2013. Despite the shadows casting by its history, Turkey has developed relations with the Kurdish government to the level of a strategic partnership within the last decade, following the 2003 invasion of Iraq. The book identifies and analyses the factors that determine Turkey’s foreign policy towards the KRG by providing a historical account of Turkey’s approach towards a Kurdish polity, illuminating the extent of the shift in Turkey’s foreign policy by looking at some dislocatory moves, and identifying and analyzing regional and global motives behind the Turkey–KRG rapprochement that led Turkey to abandon its traditional policy temporally towards the Kurdish Region of Iraq within the period this work is focused on. The book brings the global dimension to the discussion and suggests that developments at the global level play a significant role in shaping the regional and internal contexts in which the partnership between Turkey and the KRG was established. And in conclusion it argues that Turkish foreign policy towards the KRG shifted between 2007 and 2013 due to the intersection of regional and global fault lines and competition between global power blocks, the United States, Russia and China over energy resources and strategic trade and transit energy routes.

Author : Charles Kupchan
Publisher : Vintage
Page : 418 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2007-12-18
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780307428516

Get Book

The End of the American Era by Charles Kupchan Pdf

Refuting the conventional wisdom that the end of the Cold War cleared the way for an era of peace and prosperity led solely by the United States, Charles A. Kupchan contends that the next challenge to America’s might is fast emerging. It comes not from the Islamic world or an ascendant China, but from an integrating Europe that is rising as a counterweight to the United States. Decades of strategic partnership across the Atlantic are giving way to renewed geopolitical competition. The waning of U.S. primacy will be expedited by America’s own ambivalence about remaining the globe’s guardian and by the impact of the digital age on the country’s politics and its role in the world. By deftly mining the lessons of history to cast light on the present and future, Kupchan explains how America and the world should prepare for the more complex, more unstable road ahead.

Author : Robert E. Harkavy
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781483145204

Get Book

Great Power Competition for Overseas Bases by Robert E. Harkavy Pdf

Great Power Competition for Overseas Bases: The Geopolitics of Access Diplomacy explores the geopolitics of the major powers' overseas basing systems in relation to global strategies and changes in the international system in three fairly distinct phases: the interwar, early postwar, and recent postwar periods. This book links the great powers' competition for overseas bases to several streams of more or less contemporary international relations theory. This monograph consists of seven chapters and opens with an introduction to the diplomacy of basing access, followed by a discussion on the different types or purposes of basing access as they have evolved over the past several decades in response to changes in diplomacy and military technology. The major powers' overseas basing-access networks in the consecutive interwar, early postwar, and recent postwar periods are then reviewed, along with the earlier corpus of geopolitical theory, specifically as it relates to basing diplomacy. Emphasis is on the conflicting assumptions about what reciprocal strategic advantages and disadvantages inhere to the geographic positions of the United States and USSR. The final chapter considers a number of ""functional"" areas of world politics that are closely intertwined with basing diplomacy, and relates the competition for facilities to raw materials access, surrogate wars, strategic deterrence, arms control, balances of payments, arms sales and aid, alliances, and other such staple concerns of international relations. This book will be of interest to political scientists, military and government officials, diplomats, and policymakers.

Author : Mahir J Ibrahimov
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2021-01-18
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9798596844184

Get Book

Great Power Competition by Mahir J Ibrahimov Pdf

November 2020 Great Power Competition: The Changing Landscape of Global Geopolitics is a collection of essays originating from the Cultural and Area Studies Office of the Combined Arms Center in Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. Editor Mahir J. Ibrahimov has culled together an expansion of his previous volume, Cultural Perspectives, Geopolitics, & Energy Security of Eurasia: Is the Next Global Conflict Imminent? In this volume, experts consider cultural and geopolitical implications of Chinese and Russian power projections throughout Europe, Asia, the Americas, and Africa. Why buy a book you can download for free? We print the paperback book so you don't have to. First you gotta find a good clean (legible) copy and make sure it's the latest version (not always easy). Some documents found on the web are missing some pages or the image quality is so poor, they are difficult to read. If you find a good copy, you could print it using a network printer you share with 100 other people (typically its either out of paper or toner). If it's just a 10-page document, no problem, but if it's 250-pages, you will need to punch 3 holes in all those pages and put it in a 3-ring binder. Takes at least an hour. It's much more cost-effective to just order the bound paperback from Amazon.com We include a Table of Contents on the back cover for quick reference. We print these paperbacks as a service so you don't have to. The books are compact, tightly-bound paperback, pocket-size (6 by 9 inches), with large text and glossy cover. 4th Watch Publishing Co. is a SDVOSB. https: //usgovpub.com

Author : Saul Bernard Cohen
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 504 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2014-11-25
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781442223516

Get Book

Geopolitics by Saul Bernard Cohen Pdf

Written by one of the world’s leading political geographers, this fully revised and updated textbook examines the dramatic changes wrought by ideological, economic, sociocultural, and demographic changes unleashed since the end of the Cold War. Saul Cohen considers these forces in the context of their human and physical settings and explores their geographical influence on foreign policy and international relations.

Author : Thomas J. Wright
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2017-05-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780300228182

Get Book

All Measures Short of War by Thomas J. Wright Pdf

A groundbreaking look at the future of great power competition in an age of globalization and what the United States can do in response The two decades after the Cold War saw unprecedented cooperation between the major powers as the world converged on a model of liberal international order. Now, great power competition is back and the liberal order is in jeopardy. Russia and China are increasingly revisionist in their regions. The Middle East appears to be unraveling. And many Americans question why the United States ought to lead. What will great power competition look like in the decades ahead? Will the liberal world order survive? What impact will geopolitics have on globalization? And, what strategy should the United States pursue to succeed in an increasingly competitive world? In this book Thomas Wright explains how major powers will compete fiercely even as they try to avoid war with each other. Wright outlines a new American strategy—Responsible Competition—to navigate these challenges and strengthen the liberal order.

Author : Jakub J. Grygiel
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2007-02-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780801889615

Get Book

Great Powers and Geopolitical Change by Jakub J. Grygiel Pdf

Named by Foreign Affairs as a book to read on geopolitics. In an era of high technology and instant communication, the role of geography in the formation of strategy and politics in international relations can be undervalued. But the mountains of Afghanistan and the scorching sand storms of Iraq have provided stark reminders that geographical realities continue to have a profound impact on the success of military campaigns. Here, political scientist Jakub J. Grygiel brings to light the importance of incorporating geography into grand strategy. He argues that states can increase and maintain their position of power by pursuing a geostrategy that focuses on control of resources and lines of communication. Grygiel examines case studies of Venice, the Ottoman Empire, and China in the global fifteenth century—all great powers that faced a dramatic change in geopolitics when new routes and continents were discovered. The location of resources, the layout of trade networks, and the stability of state boundaries played a large role in the success or failure of these three powers. Grygiel asserts that, though many other aspects of foreign policy have changed throughout history, strategic response to geographical features remains one of the most salient factors in establishing and maintaining power in the international arena.

Author : Chester A. Crocker,Fen Osler Hampson,Pamela Aall
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Page : 652 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2016-10-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781928096108

Get Book

Managing Conflict in a World Adrift by Chester A. Crocker,Fen Osler Hampson,Pamela Aall Pdf

The eagerly anticipated follow up to Leashing the Dogs of War. In the midst of a global political shift where power moves from central institutions to smaller, more disbursed units, another landmark text edited by Chester A. Crocker, Fen Osler Hampson and Pamela Aall provides essential insights and practical guidance. In Managing Conflict in a World Adrift, 40 of the world’s leading international affairs analysts examine the relationship between political, social or economic change and the outbreak and spread of conflict. They then consider what this means for conflict management. This panoramic study is the latest volume in a series of titles on conflict management edited by Crocker, Hampson and Aall and follows up on their seminal work Leashing the Dogs of War (2007). For more than a decade, this series of titles has been the definitive resource for students and practitioners of conflict management who want a better understanding of the most contemporary thinking about what causes conflict and how to prevent and manage it.

Author : Peter Zeihan
Publisher : HarperCollins
Page : 718 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2022-06-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780063230484

Get Book

The End of the World is Just the Beginning by Peter Zeihan Pdf

A New York Times Bestseller! 2019 was the last great year for the world economy. For generations, everything has been getting faster, better, and cheaper. Finally, we reached the point that almost anything you could ever want could be sent to your home within days - even hours - of when you decided you wanted it. America made that happen, but now America has lost interest in keeping it going. Globe-spanning supply chains are only possible with the protection of the U.S. Navy. The American dollar underpins internationalized energy and financial markets. Complex, innovative industries were created to satisfy American consumers. American security policy forced warring nations to lay down their arms. Billions of people have been fed and educated as the American-led trade system spread across the globe. All of this was artificial. All this was temporary. All this is ending. In The End of the World is Just the Beginning, author and geopolitical strategist Peter Zeihan maps out the next world: a world where countries or regions will have no choice but to make their own goods, grow their own food, secure their own energy, fight their own battles, and do it all with populations that are both shrinking and aging. The list of countries that make it all work is smaller than you think. Which means everything about our interconnected world - from how we manufacture products, to how we grow food, to how we keep the lights on, to how we shuttle stuff about, to how we pay for it all - is about to change. A world ending. A world beginning. Zeihan brings readers along for an illuminating (and a bit terrifying) ride packed with foresight, wit, and his trademark irreverence.