The Germanic Strong Verbs

Author : Robert Mailhammer
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2008-09-25
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110198782

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The Germanic Strong Verbs by Robert Mailhammer Pdf

As a contribution to the ongoing discussion of the genesis of the Germanic language, this book investigates the strong verbs of Proto-Germanic using a new approach that combines historical and typological morphology with quantitative etymology. It reveals that the morphological peculiarities and the etymological problems of the strong verbs have been considerably underestimated. The first part of the book explains how drastically the inherited verb system was transformed when it was uniformized and simplified around a functionalized verbal ablaut. In particular, it is shown that the systemic position of ablaut is typologically different from that in the verb morphology of the Indo-European parent language. Moreover, the origin of the lengthened grade preterits and other well-known morphological problems of the strong verbs are discussed. After developing a methodological framework, the second part of the book presents a quantitative analysis of the etymological situation of the strong verbs. It demonstrates that the etymological relations of the strong verbs are significantly less clear than commonly assumed, as almost half of them have no accepted etymology. A comparative quantification of the primary verbs of Sanskrit and Ancient Greek, both of which possess much better etymological connections within the Indo-European language family, underlines the significance of the Germanic data and the validity of the analytical framework. Taken together, the investigations presented in this book put the Germanic strong verbs in a new and markedly different light. Their largely obscure etymological situation in combination with their far-reaching morphological restructuring has telling implications for the prehistory of the Germanic languages and suggests new pathways for future research.

Author : Marcin Krygier
Publisher : Peter Lang Gmbh, Internationaler Verlag Der Wissenschaften
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : STANFORD:36105008559101

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The Disintegration of the English Strong Verb System by Marcin Krygier Pdf

This book deals with the extension of the weak verbal preterite markers to the category of English strong verbs before the year 1500. The examination of a large corpus of data collected from numerous sources is complemented by the analysis of individual representative texts from the periods in question. The application of statistical methods allows the obtained results to be viewed with a considerable degree of reliability. The conclusions of the research indicate the dominition of the French language in England after the Norman Conquest of 1066 as the main influence on the process.

Author : G. Lee Fullerton
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2018-02-19
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110847871

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Historical Germanic Verb Morphology by G. Lee Fullerton Pdf

Die Reihe Studia Linguistica Germanica (SLG), 1968 von Ludwig Erich Schmitt und Stefan Sonderegger begründet, ist ein renommiertes Publikationsorgan der germanistischen Linguistik. Die Reihe verfolgt das Ziel, mit dem Schwerpunkt auf sprach- und wissenschaftshistorischen Fragestellungen die gesamte Bandbreite des Faches zu repräsentieren. Dazu zählen u. a. Arbeiten zur historischen Grammatik und Semantik des Deutschen, zum Verhältnis von Sprache und Kultur, zur Geschichte der Sprachtheorie, zur Dialektologie, Lexikologie/Lexikographie, Textlinguistik und zur Einbettung des Deutschen in den europäischen Sprachkontext.

Author : Francis Asbury Wood
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 1895
Category : Germanic languages
ISBN : STANFORD:36105011961658

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I. Verner's Law in Gothic. II. The Reduplicating Verbs in Germanic by Francis Asbury Wood Pdf

Author : Charlotte Chafer Fleischmann
Publisher : Forgotten Books
Page : 158 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2017-10-19
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 0266509576

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The Strong Verb in Martin Opitz (Classic Reprint) by Charlotte Chafer Fleischmann Pdf

Excerpt from The Strong Verb in Martin Opitz To any one interested in the development of the German language no period is of more appeal than the sixteenth cen tury, Following as it does the great revival of Luther, whose midland German finally gained the supremacy, it marks the transition between the Middle High German literature in which each of the various dialects struggled for the ascendancy and that of the modern period. Belonging rather to the latter and, indeed, marking its beginning, is the S-ilesian poet and literary dictator - Martin Opitz. Acclaimed a genius in his own time. Opitz is not now regarded as remarkable either from the point of view of the content of his poems or of their value as litera ture. Interest in him has lain rather in the direction of the reforms which he has occasioned in the field of German versifi cation in accordance with the rules pointed out in his Buch von der deutschen Poeterei. Along these lines one might com pare his influence to that which Lessin g exerted on the drama and his work may be compared in its effect to the Hamburg ische Dramaturgie. As Lessing has been called the Father of German Drama, so one biographer has awarded to Opitz the title Father of German Poetry. His book is still regarded as a classic, and although it was not generally accepted when it appeared, it gradually accomplished its purpose - the elim ination of foreign speech forms and the purification of the language and verse. It was in large measure Opitz's influence that furthered the acceptance of Luther's literary style in R0 man Catholic Cermany, and. Consequently hastened the estab lishment of a standard. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Author : Frans van Coetsem
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Germanic languages
ISBN : STANFORD:36105035329858

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Ablaut and reduplication in the Germanic verb by Frans van Coetsem Pdf

Band 3.

Author : Charlotte Chafer Fleischmann
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1921
Category : German language
ISBN : UOM:39015039331569

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The Strong Verb in Martin Opitz by Charlotte Chafer Fleischmann Pdf

Author : Paul Listen
Publisher : Quickstudy Reference Guides
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2017-11
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1423236483

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German Verbs by Paul Listen Pdf

Master verbs of the German language with this ultimate reference tool and study guide. Verbs are key to unlocking any foreign language. Designed for quick and easy access using color coded sections and tables you will get the most for your money in a compact 6 page laminated guide that can be easily stored and is durable enough to survive through high school, college, and any travel adventure beyond. 6-page laminated guide includes: Verb Classes Indicative Mood Imperative Mood Subjunctive Mood Passive Voice Non-Finite Verb Forms Verb Position in Sentences Objects of Verbs Vowel Changes of Strong Verbs Principal Parts of Irregular Verbs

Author : Robert Mailhammer,Theo Vennemann
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2019-10-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027262141

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The Carthaginian North: Semitic influence on early Germanic by Robert Mailhammer,Theo Vennemann Pdf

This book presents a new and innovative theory on the origin of the Germanic languages. This theory presents solutions to four pivotal problems in the history of Germanic with critical implications for cultural history: the origin of the Germanic writing system (the Runic alphabet), the genesis of the Germanic strong verbs, the development of the Germanic word order, and etymologies for key elements of the Germanic lexicon. The book proposes that all four problems can be solved if it is hypothesized that over 2,000 years ago the ancestor of all Germanic languages, Proto-Germanic, was in intensive contact with Punic, a Semitic language from the Mediterranean. This scenario is explored by focusing on linguistic data, supported by an interdisciplinary mosaic of evidence. This book is of interest to anyone working on the linguistic and cultural history of the Germanic languages.

Author : Guy Stern,E. F. Bleiler
Publisher : Courier Corporation
Page : 141 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2012-04-18
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 9780486113395

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Essential German Grammar by Guy Stern,E. F. Bleiler Pdf

DIVLogical, developmental presentation includes all the necessary tools for speech and comprehension and features numerous shortcuts and timesavers. Ideal as an introduction, supplement, or refresher. /div

Author : Östen Dahl
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 345 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2004-08-31
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027295255

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The Growth and Maintenance of Linguistic Complexity by Östen Dahl Pdf

This book studies linguistic complexity and the processes by which it arises and is maintained, focusing not so much on what one can say in a language as how it is said. Complexity is not seen as synonymous with “difficulty” but as an objective property of a system – a measure of the amount of information needed to describe or reconstruct it. Grammatical complexity is the result of historical processes often subsumed under the rubric of grammaticalization and involves what can be called mature linguistic phenomena, that is, features that take time to develop. The nature and characteristics of such processes are discussed in detail, as well as the external and internal factors that favor or disfavor stability and change in language.

Author : Míša Hejná,George Walkden
Publisher : Language Science Press
Page : 461 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2022-06-25
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783961103461

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A history of English by Míša Hejná,George Walkden Pdf

Where does today’s English language come from? This book takes its readers on a journey back in time, from present-day varieties to the Old English of Beowulf and beyond. Written for students with little or no background in linguistics, and reflecting the latest scholarship, it showcases the variation and change present throughout the history of English, and includes numerous exercises and sample texts for every period. The reverse-chronological approach taken by this book sets it apart from all existing textbooks of the last fifty years. Innovative features also include its focus on variation, multilingualism and language contact, its use of texts from outside the literary canon, and its inclusion of case studies from syntax, sociophonetics and historical pragmatics.

Author : Laura García Fernández
Publisher : utzverlag GmbH
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2020-08-20
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783831648214

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Lemmatising Old English on a relational database by Laura García Fernández Pdf

This work contributes to the research in the linguistic analysis of Old English with corpus-based lexical databases. In the specific area of Old English, which presents numerous morphological variations and lacks a written standard, a lemmatised corpus is necessary. Thus, the aim of this work is to lemmatise part of the verbal lexicon of Old English, combining aspects of Morphology, Lexicography and Corpus Analysis. The scope is restricted to the most morphologically complex verbal classes of Old English, including irregular verbs and reduplicative verbs, which comprise preterite-present, anomalous, contracted and strong VII verbs. This aim requires, firstly, the selection and management of the sources of data and verification of results; and secondly, the design and sequencing of the steps of the lemmatisation tasks. This research also raises the issue of the automatisation of the process of lemmatisation of Old English verbs, on which little previous literature has been found. In conclusion, this work offers an inventory of inflectional forms and lemmas of the verbs under analysis. On the applied side, this work presents different procedures of automatic and manual lemmatisation that can be applied to the fields of Lexicography and Corpus Linguistics.

Author : John T. Waterman
Publisher : Waveland Press
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1991-03-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781478648734

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A History of the German Language by John T. Waterman Pdf

The most accessible, well-balanced history of the German language available! No comparable work is available in English or German that gives readers an adequate foundation in the methods, goals, and results of historical-comparative linguistics as they apply to the German language and its historical antecedents. Waterman’s monograph excels through its clear presentation of materials, the extensive use of charts and maps, and a well-organized bibliography. A wealth of examples documents a surprisingly broad review of German language issues.

Author : Winfried Rudolf,Thomas Honegger,Andrew James Johnston
Publisher : Peter Lang
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 3039108352

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Clerks, Wives and Historians by Winfried Rudolf,Thomas Honegger,Andrew James Johnston Pdf

This volume comprises selected papers of SEM VI to VIII (Studientage Englisches Mittelalter), held at Jena, Bochum, and Zurich between 2004 and 2007. It presents a representative cross-section of topics in the field of English medieval studies in Germany and Switzerland. The spectrum ranges from philological textual criticism, cultural studies centring around the history of ideas, questions of historical writing, alliteration, and the depiction of the monstrous in early modern literature, to philological and linguistic approaches focussing on morphology and grammar.