The Great Famine Genocide In Iran

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The Great Famine & Genocide in Iran

Mohammad Gholi Majd
The Great Famine Genocide in Iran Book PDF

Author : Mohammad Gholi Majd
Publisher : University Press of America
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2013-07-19
Category : History
ISBN : 9780761861683

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The Great Famine & Genocide in Iran by Mohammad Gholi Majd Pdf

At least 8–10 million Iranians out of a population of 18–20 million died of starvation and disease during the famine of 1917–1919. The Iranian holocaust was the biggest calamity of World War I and one of the worst genocides of the 20th century, yet it remained concealed for nearly a century. The 2003 edition of this book relied primarily on US diplomatic records and memoirs of British officers who served in Iran in World War I, but in this edition these documents have been supplemented with US military records, British official sources, memoirs, diaries of notable Iranians, and a wide array of Iranian newspaper reports. In addition, the demographic data has been expanded to include newly discovered US State Department documents on Iran’s pre-1914 population. This book also includes a new chapter with a detailed military and political history of Iran in World War I. A work of enduring value, Majd provides a comprehensive account of Iran’s greatest calamity.

The Great Famine and Genocide in Persia, 1917-1919

Mohammad Gholi Majd
The Great Famine and Genocide in Persia 1917 1919 Book PDF

Author : Mohammad Gholi Majd
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 166 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015056901989

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The Great Famine and Genocide in Persia, 1917-1919 by Mohammad Gholi Majd Pdf

In this book, Mohammad Gholi Majd argues that Persia was the greatest victim of World War One and also the victim of possibly the worst genocide of the twentieth century. Using U.S. State Department records, as well as Persian and British sources, Majd describes and documents a veritable holocaust about which practically nothing has been written.

A Victorian Holocaust

Mohammad Gholi Majd
A Victorian Holocaust Book PDF

Author : Mohammad Gholi Majd
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 135 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2017-11-22
Category : History
ISBN : 9780761870159

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A Victorian Holocaust by Mohammad Gholi Majd Pdf

The death by famine of tens of millions of human beings in Asia and Africa during the Victorian era (1837–1901) is “the secret history of the nineteenth century” about which Western history books contain nothing. The Great Famine of 1869–1873 in Iran took 10–12 million lives, or two-thirds of the population, and is part of this secret history. While the famines that ravaged China and India during 1876 to 1902 have received some recent scrutiny, the precursor of these cataclysmic famines, the Great Famine of 1869–1873 in Iran, has remained practically unknown. This study is the first monograph on the subject in the English language. This famine in Iran killed on a scale similar to the 1876–79 famine in China, which has been called the worst to afflict the human species. This study is based on British diplomatic reports and semi-official sources, European travel accounts, Persian documents and writings, British and American newspapers, and the reports by American missionaries who witnessed the famine. These sources enable one to provide a chronological and numerical account of the death and suffering as the famine spread from the southern and central regions to the rest of the country. The population statistics and rich micro-level data on famine losses in rural and urban areas indicate that during the nearly five years of famine, two-thirds of the population had perished. Not until 1910 did Iran come close to recovering its 1869 population. Soon after, Iran was plunged into the Great Famine of 1917–19, which claimed another 8–10 million, and again the 1942–43 famine and typhus epidemic that carried off an additional 4 million persons. In the seventy-five year span of 1869–1944, Iran had suffered three famines that had taken 25 million lives. Iran’s 1944 population of 10–12 million was unchanged from 11 million recorded in 1841, a perfect case of a Malthusian catastrophe. It is difficult to find another country in which a century of population growth had been wiped out by famine. Having previously described and quantified the 1917–19 and 1942–43 famines, Majd does the same for the 1869–73 famine. This book is the third of a trilogy on famines in Iran during the last 150 years.

Iran Under Allied Occupation In World War II

Mohammad Gholi Majd
Iran Under Allied Occupation In World War II Book PDF

Author : Mohammad Gholi Majd
Publisher : UPA
Page : 748 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2016-03-22
Category : History
ISBN : 9780761867395

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Iran Under Allied Occupation In World War II by Mohammad Gholi Majd Pdf

Occupied Iran in World War II became the most important supply route to Russia and source of fuel to the Allies. Having pledged to meet Iran’s “minimum needs”, the Allies commandeered the means of transport, seized food and fuel, severely restricted imports, forced Iran to print money, brought Polish refugees from Russia, and initially did little to contain the chaos and insecurity. The resulting famine and typhus epidemic of 1942-43 had claimed 4 million lives amounting to a quarter of the population. This was in addition to the 8-10 million lost in the Great Famine of 1917-19. Iran’s 1944 population was the same as 1900, a perfect case of a Malthusian Catastrophe. Having previously described the World War I famine, and using US diplomatic, military, and intelligence records, as well as primary British sources, Majd completes the task by also telling the story of the World War II Iranian famine.

Mao's Great Famine

Frank Dikötter
Mao s Great Famine Book PDF

Author : Frank Dikötter
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2010-10-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780802779281

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Mao's Great Famine by Frank Dikötter Pdf

Winner of the Samuel Johnson Prize An unprecedented, groundbreaking history of China's Great Famine that recasts the era of Mao Zedong and the history of the People's Republic of China. "Between 1958 and 1962, China descended into hell. Mao Zedong threw his country into a frenzy with the Great Leap Forward, an attempt to catch up to and overtake Britain in less than 15 years The experiment ended in the greatest catastrophe the country had ever known, destroying tens of millions of lives." So opens Frank Dikötter's riveting, magnificently detailed chronicle of an era in Chinese history much speculated about but never before fully documented because access to Communist Party archives has long been restricted to all but the most trusted historians. A new archive law has opened up thousands of central and provincial documents that "fundamentally change the way one can study the Maoist era." Dikötter makes clear, as nobody has before, that far from being the program that would lift the country among the world's superpowers and prove the power of Communism, as Mao imagined, the Great Leap Forward transformed the country in the other direction. It became the site not only of "one of the most deadly mass killings of human history,"--at least 45 million people were worked, starved, or beaten to death--but also of "the greatest demolition of real estate in human history," as up to one-third of all housing was turned into rubble). The experiment was a catastrophe for the natural world as well, as the land was savaged in the maniacal pursuit of steel and other industrial accomplishments. In a powerful mesghing of exhaustive research in Chinese archives and narrative drive, Dikötter for the first time links up what happened in the corridors of power-the vicious backstabbing and bullying tactics that took place among party leaders-with the everyday experiences of ordinary people, giving voice to the dead and disenfranchised. His magisterial account recasts the history of the People's Republic of China.

Stalin's Genocides

Norman M. Naimark
Stalin s Genocides Book PDF

Author : Norman M. Naimark
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2010-07-19
Category : History
ISBN : 9781400836062

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Stalin's Genocides by Norman M. Naimark Pdf

The chilling story of Stalin’s crimes against humanity Between the early 1930s and his death in 1953, Joseph Stalin had more than a million of his own citizens executed. Millions more fell victim to forced labor, deportation, famine, bloody massacres, and detention and interrogation by Stalin's henchmen. Stalin's Genocides is the chilling story of these crimes. The book puts forward the important argument that brutal mass killings under Stalin in the 1930s were indeed acts of genocide and that the Soviet dictator himself was behind them. Norman Naimark, one of our most respected authorities on the Soviet era, challenges the widely held notion that Stalin's crimes do not constitute genocide, which the United Nations defines as the premeditated killing of a group of people because of their race, religion, or inherent national qualities. In this gripping book, Naimark explains how Stalin became a pitiless mass killer. He looks at the most consequential and harrowing episodes of Stalin's systematic destruction of his own populace—the liquidation and repression of the so-called kulaks, the Ukrainian famine, the purge of nationalities, and the Great Terror—and examines them in light of other genocides in history. In addition, Naimark compares Stalin's crimes with those of the most notorious genocidal killer of them all, Adolf Hitler.

Century of Genocide

Samuel Totten,William S. Parsons
Century of Genocide Book PDF

Author : Samuel Totten,William S. Parsons
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 532 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2004-05-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781135945589

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Century of Genocide by Samuel Totten,William S. Parsons Pdf

Through powerful first-person accounts, scholarly analyses and historical data, Century of Genocide takes on the task of explaining how and why genocides have been perpetrated throughout the course of the twentieth century. The book assembles a group of international scholars to discuss the causes, results, and ramifications of these genocides: from the Armenians in the Ottoman Empire; to the Jews, Romani, and the mentally and physically handicapped during the Holocaust; and genocides in East Timor, Bangladesh, and Cambodia.The second edition has been fully updated and featu.

Famine in European History

Guido Alfani,Cormac Ó Gráda
Famine in European History Book PDF

Author : Guido Alfani,Cormac Ó Gráda
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 339 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2017-08-31
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107179936

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Famine in European History by Guido Alfani,Cormac Ó Gráda Pdf

The first systematic study of famine in all parts of Europe from the Middle Ages to present. It compares the characteristics, consequences and causes of famine in regional case studies by leading experts to form a comprehensive picture of when and why food security across the continent became a critical issue.

The Iranian Crisis and the Birth of the Cold War

Benjamin F. Harper
The Iranian Crisis and the Birth of the Cold War Book PDF

Author : Benjamin F. Harper
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2018-10-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781498576970

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The Iranian Crisis and the Birth of the Cold War by Benjamin F. Harper Pdf

This study examines the Iranian crisis of 1946 and its role in shaping the dynamics of the Cold War. The author uses the encounter as a case study to analyze how the United States used its atomic monopoly to achieve its international objectives in the early postwar era.

Red Famine

Anne Applebaum
Red Famine Book PDF

Author : Anne Applebaum
Publisher : Signal
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2017-10-10
Category : History
ISBN : 9780771009310

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Red Famine by Anne Applebaum Pdf

Winner of the 2018 Lionel Gelber Prize From the author of the Pulitzer Prize-winning Gulag and Iron Curtain, winner of the Cundill Prize and a finalist for the National Book Award, a revelatory history of Stalin's greatest crime. In 1929, Stalin launched his policy of agricultural collectivization -- in effect a second Russian revolution -- which forced millions of peasants off their land and onto collective farms. The result was a catastrophic famine, the most lethal in European history. At least five million people perished between 1931 and 1933 in the U.S.S.R. In Red Famine, Anne Applebaum reveals for the first time that three million of them died not because they were accidental victims of a bad policy, but because the state deliberately set out to kill them. Applebaum proves what has long been suspected: that Stalin set out to exterminate a vast swath of the Ukrainian population and replace them with more cooperative, Russian-speaking peasants. A peaceful Ukraine would provide the Soviets with a safe buffer between itself and Europe, and would be a bread basket region to feed Soviet cities and factory workers. When the province rebelled against collectivization, Stalin sealed the borders and began systematic food seizures. Starving, people ate anything: grass, tree bark, dogs, corpses. In some cases they killed one another for food. Devastating and definitive, Red Famine captures the horror of ordinary people struggling to survive extraordinary evil.

The Great War and the Origins of Humanitarianism, 1918-1924

Bruno Cabanes
The Great War and the Origins of Humanitarianism 1918 1924 Book PDF

Author : Bruno Cabanes
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 399 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2014-03-13
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107020627

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The Great War and the Origins of Humanitarianism, 1918-1924 by Bruno Cabanes Pdf

Pioneering study of the transition from war to peace and the birth of humanitarian rights after the Great War.

The Far Right Today

Cas Mudde
The Far Right Today Book PDF

Author : Cas Mudde
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 129 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2019-10-25
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781509536856

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The Far Right Today by Cas Mudde Pdf

The far right is back with a vengeance. After several decades at the political margins, far-right politics has again taken center stage. Three of the world’s largest democracies – Brazil, India, and the United States – now have a radical right leader, while far-right parties continue to increase their profile and support within Europe. In this timely book, leading global expert on political extremism Cas Mudde provides a concise overview of the fourth wave of postwar far-right politics, exploring its history, ideology, organization, causes, and consequences, as well as the responses available to civil society, party, and state actors to challenge its ideas and influence. What defines this current far-right renaissance, Mudde argues, is its mainstreaming and normalization within the contemporary political landscape. Challenging orthodox thinking on the relationship between conventional and far-right politics, Mudde offers a complex and insightful picture of one of the key political challenges of our time.

Forgotten Genocides

Rene Lemarchand,René Lemarchand
Forgotten Genocides Book PDF

Author : Rene Lemarchand,René Lemarchand
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2011-06-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780812204384

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Forgotten Genocides by Rene Lemarchand,René Lemarchand Pdf

Unlike the Holocaust, Rwanda, Cambodia, or Armenia, scant attention has been paid to the human tragedies analyzed in this book. From German Southwest Africa (now Namibia), Burundi, and eastern Congo to Tasmania, Tibet, and Kurdistan, from the mass killings of the Roms by the Nazis to the extermination of the Assyrians in Ottoman Turkey, the mind reels when confronted with the inhuman acts that have been consigned to oblivion. Forgotten Genocides: Oblivion, Denial, and Memory gathers eight essays about genocidal conflicts that are unremembered and, as a consequence, understudied. The contributors, scholars in political science, anthropology, history, and other fields, seek to restore these mass killings to the place they deserve in the public consciousness. Remembrance of long forgotten crimes is not the volume's only purpose—equally significant are the rich quarry of empirical data offered in each chapter, the theoretical insights provided, and the comparative perspectives suggested for the analysis of genocidal phenomena. While each genocide is unique in its circumstances and motives, the essays in this volume explain that deliberate concealment and manipulation of the facts by the perpetrators are more often the rule than the exception, and that memory often tends to distort the past and blame the victims while exonerating the killers. Although the cases discussed here are but a sample of a litany going back to biblical times, Forgotten Genocides offers an important examination of the diversity of contexts out of which repeatedly emerge the same hideous realities.

August 1941

Mohammad Gholi Majd
August 1941 Book PDF

Author : Mohammad Gholi Majd
Publisher : University Press of America
Page : 437 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : History
ISBN : 9780761859406

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August 1941 by Mohammad Gholi Majd Pdf

Coming shortly after the British occupation of Iraq and the German invasion of Russia, the Anglo-Russian occupation of Iran secured a vital route for supplies to Russia and assured British control of the oilfields. To save the Pahlavi regime, Reza Shah was replaced by his son and Iranians were given a "New Deal." The Allied occupation thus ushered in a brief period of democratic freedoms. Having described the rise of Reza Shah in a previous work, Majd completes the story by describing his downfall. The author has made an extensive search of the widely scattered U.S. diplomatic and military records and these are supplemented by reports in the The New York Times, The Washington Post, and The Chicago Daily Tribune, as well as other press accounts. More than seventy years later, this interesting story has remained untold. August 1941 is the first detailed and documented account of the affair.

Famine in North Korea

Stephan Haggard,Marcus Noland
Famine in North Korea Book PDF

Author : Stephan Haggard,Marcus Noland
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780231140003

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Famine in North Korea by Stephan Haggard,Marcus Noland Pdf

"In their carefully researched book, Stephan Haggard and Marcus Noland present the most comprehensive account of the famine to date, examining not only the origins and aftermath of the crisis but also the regime's response to outside aid and the effect of its current policies on the country's economic future. Their study begins by considering the root causes of the famine, weighing the effects of the decline in the availability of food against its poor distribution. Then it takes a close look at the aid effort, addressing the difficulty of monitoring assistance within the country, and concludes with an analysis of current economic reforms and strategies of engagement."--BOOK JACKET.