The Human Embryo In Vitro

Author : Catriona A. W. McMillan
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2021-04-01
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781108945165

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The Human Embryo In Vitro by Catriona A. W. McMillan Pdf

The Human Embryo in vitro explores the ways in which UK law engages with embryonic processes under the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990 (as amended), the intellectual basis of which has not been reconsidered for almost thirty years. McMillan argues that in regulating 'the embryo' – that is, a processual liminal entity in itself - the law is regulating for uncertainty. This book offers a fuller understanding of how complex biological processes of development and growth can be better aligned with a legal framework that purports to pay respect to the embryo while also allowing its destruction. To do so it employs an anthropological concept, liminality, which is itself concerned with revealing the dynamics of process. The implications of this for contemporary regulation of artificial reproduction are fully explored, and recommendations are offered for international regimes on how they can better align biological reality with social policy and law.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Neuroscience and Behavioral Health,National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on the Biological and Biomedical Applications of Stem Cell Research
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 112 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2002-01-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309170420

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Stem Cells and the Future of Regenerative Medicine by Institute of Medicine,Board on Neuroscience and Behavioral Health,National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on the Biological and Biomedical Applications of Stem Cell Research Pdf

Recent scientific breakthroughs, celebrity patient advocates, and conflicting religious beliefs have come together to bring the state of stem cell researchâ€"specifically embryonic stem cell researchâ€"into the political crosshairs. President Bush's watershed policy statement allows federal funding for embryonic stem cell research but only on a limited number of stem cell lines. Millions of Americans could be affected by the continuing political debate among policymakers and the public. Stem Cells and the Future of Regenerative Medicine provides a deeper exploration of the biological, ethical, and funding questions prompted by the therapeutic potential of undifferentiated human cells. In terms accessible to lay readers, the book summarizes what we know about adult and embryonic stem cells and discusses how to go about the transition from mouse studies to research that has therapeutic implications for people. Perhaps most important, Stem Cells and the Future of Regenerative Medicine also provides an overview of the moral and ethical problems that arise from the use of embryonic stem cells. This timely book compares the impact of public and private research funding and discusses approaches to appropriate research oversight. Based on the insights of leading scientists, ethicists, and other authorities, the book offers authoritative recommendations regarding the use of existing stem cell lines versus new lines in research, the important role of the federal government in this field of research, and other fundamental issues.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Sciences Policy
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 155 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2020-08-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309676687

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Examining the State of the Science of Mammalian Embryo Model Systems by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Sciences Policy Pdf

Because of the recent advances in embryo modeling techniques, and at the request of the Office of Science Policy in the Office of the Director at the National Institutes of Health, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, hosted a 1-day public workshop that would explore the state of the science of mammalian embryo model systems. The workshop, which took place on January 17, 2020, featured a combination of presentations, panels, and general discussions, during which panelists and participants offered a broad range of perspectives. Participants considered whether embryo model systems - especially those that use nonhuman primate cells - can be used to predict the function of systems made with human cells. Presentations provided an overview of the current state of the science of in vitro development of human trophoblast. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop.

Author : Catriona A. W. McMillan
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2021-04
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781108844109

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The Human Embryo in vitro by Catriona A. W. McMillan Pdf

Proposes that the human embryo in vitro is in a unique 'legal stasis' between potential person and useful research artefact.

Author : David K. Gardner,Michelle Lane
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461301493

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ART and the Human Blastocyst by David K. Gardner,Michelle Lane Pdf

The field of human artificial reproductive technology (ART) is continually advancing and has witnessed significant changes since the inception of Louise Brown in 1978. Though Louise Brown herself was conceived after the trans fer of a blastocyst, there remain significant confusion and debate regarding the stage at which the human embryo conceived in the laboratory should be replaced in the mother. Developments in culture media formulations, leading to the introduction of sequential media, have brought the role of the blasto cyst in human ART back into the spotlight. It was due to this resurgence of interest in the niche of extended culture in human infertility treatment that the symposium on "ART and the Human Blastocyst" was held. of this meeting within this volume bring to the forefront The proceedings the main issues raised with the transfer of embryos at the blastocyst stage. It is evident from the chapters that follow that ART needs to be perceived as a continuum of procedures, each one dependent on the preceding one, and all equally as important as each other. That is to say, the development of a com petent embryo is ultimately dependent on the quality of the gametes from which it was derived. With regard to the oocyte, this then places the emphasis on the physician to use a stimulation protocol that both produces quality oocytes and does not impair endometrial function. Maintenance of gamete and embryo quality is the laboratory's role.

Author : Ronald M. Green
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2001-06-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199761890

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The Human Embryo Research Debates by Ronald M. Green Pdf

Research on the early human embryo has long been recognized as essential to progress in a host of biomedical areas from reproductive medicine to the treatment of pediatric cancers. Now, with the possibility of stem cell research and cell replacement therapies, embryo research holds out the promise of cures for many serious disease conditions such as diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Despite its importance, however, human embryo research has met powerful opposition. Drawing on his experience as a member of the NIH's Human Embryo Research Panel, Green offers a first-hand account of the embryo research debates. In telling this story, he periodically pauses to reflect on some of the leading philosophical challenges posed by embryo research and new interventions at the start of life. Among the questions he examines are: What is the impact of new biological information on our thinking about life's beginning? May parents risk injuring a child in order to have it? What role should religion play in shaping biomedical policy in a controversial area like this? This is a fascinating insider's account of one of the most important, if unsuccessful, recent efforts to come to terms with a controversial area of scientific research.

Author : United States. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Ethics Advisory Board
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 140 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Ectogenesis
ISBN : SRLF:DD0000172338

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HEW Support of Research Involving Human in Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer: Report and conclusions by United States. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Ethics Advisory Board Pdf

Author : Sabine Globig
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2011-04-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781926692814

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Current Research in Embryology by Sabine Globig Pdf

Embryology—the study of embryos—is the branch of biological science that examines the formation and early development of an individual organism from fertilization of the egg (ovum) to birth. This collection of articles by embryology experts discusses research on some of the most important topics in embryology today. Topics include the cryopreservation of human embryos, in vitro generation of neurons from embryonic stem cells, embryonic transfer, transcriptional profiling, and more.

Author : D. Solter,D. Beyleveld,M.B. Friele,J. Holówka,H. Lilie,R. Lovell-Badge,C. Mandla,U. Martin,R. Pardo Avellaneda
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783662051177

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Embryo Research in Pluralistic Europe by D. Solter,D. Beyleveld,M.B. Friele,J. Holówka,H. Lilie,R. Lovell-Badge,C. Mandla,U. Martin,R. Pardo Avellaneda Pdf

Recent advances in techniques and understanding in the fields of genetics, embryology and reproductive biology have opened up new ways to treat a wide range of medical problems. They range from new options for infertility treatment and pre-implantation genetic diagnosis to stem-cell-based therapies for debilitating diseases. Since all these approaches involve the manipulation of human gametes, embryos or embryonic cells, and could also permit more contentious uses, they have stimulated a controversial debate as to what aims are desirable and to what extent experiments on human embryos are morally permissible, if permissible at all. The situation is further complicated by the fact that scientific projects are increasingly realized through international co-operation and that patients are increasingly ready to seek morally contentious medical treatment wherever it is available and thus to bypass national legislation. In view of this situation the Europäische Akademie assembled a temporary interdisciplinary project group in which scientists from universities and non-university research organizations in Europe working on the relevant subjects were brought together and charged with establishing a knowledge base and providing suggestions for long-term solutions that would be acceptable for society. Presented here are the results of this project, ranging from a discussion of the theoretical and practical possibilities in human-embryo experimentation and its alternatives in research on adult stem cells, a comparison of the situations and prospects of regulation of embryo research in Europe, a survey of European public attitudes, and a philosophical analysis of the arguments and argumentative strategies used in the debate.

Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Guidelines for Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2005-09-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309096539

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Guidelines for Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Guidelines for Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Pdf

Since 1998, the volume of research being conducted using human embryonic stem (hES) cells has expanded primarily using private funds because of restrictions on the use of federal funds for such research. Given limited federal involvement, privately funded hES cell research has thus far been carried out under a patchwork of existing regulations, many of which were not designed with this research specifically in mind. In addition, hES cell research touches on many ethical, legal, scientific, and policy issues that are of concern to the public. This report provides guidelines for the conduct of hES cell research to address both ethical and scientific concerns. The guidelines are intended to enhance the integrity of privately funded hES cell research by encouraging responsible practices in the conduct of that research.

Author : Michael Joseph Mulkay
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1997-02-13
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 0521576830

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The Embryo Research Debate by Michael Joseph Mulkay Pdf

Scientific research involving human embryos was a major topic of public debate in Britain during the 1980s. Despite strong support from the scientific community, embryo research was initially condemned by many ordinary people as well as by special interest groups, and came close to being banned by Act of Parliament. Michael Mulkay describes the dynamics of the parliamentary struggle over the future of embryo research, focusing on such issues as: the clash between the anti-abortion and pro-research lobbies; the tactics of the Government; political ideology; the media's role; the importance of gender; religion; the impact of science fiction; the lure of medical advance; and the difficulty of maintaining ethical control. He explains how the advocates of embryo research eventually triumphed, and ends with an examination of the cultural tensions which linger after the debate.

Author : Australia. Parliament. Senate. Select Committee on the Human Embryo Experimentation Bill 1985
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Embryology
ISBN : IND:30000138653633

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Human Embryo Experimentation in Australia by Australia. Parliament. Senate. Select Committee on the Human Embryo Experimentation Bill 1985 Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2002-06-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309076371

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Scientific and Medical Aspects of Human Reproductive Cloning by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy Pdf

Human reproductive cloning is an assisted reproductive technology that would be carried out with the goal of creating a newborn genetically identical to another human being. It is currently the subject of much debate around the world, involving a variety of ethical, religious, societal, scientific, and medical issues. Scientific and Medical Aspects of Human Reproductive Cloning considers the scientific and medical sides of this issue, plus ethical issues that pertain to human-subjects research. Based on experience with reproductive cloning in animals, the report concludes that human reproductive cloning would be dangerous for the woman, fetus, and newborn, and is likely to fail. The study panel did not address the issue of whether human reproductive cloning, even if it were found to be medically safe, would beâ€"or would not beâ€"acceptable to individuals or society.

Author : United States. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Ethics Advisory Board
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 870 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Embryology, Human
ISBN : IND:30000105866507

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HEW support of research involving human in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer by United States. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Ethics Advisory Board Pdf

Author : Arlene Chiu,Mahendra S. Rao
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 455 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2003-08-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781592594238

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Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Arlene Chiu,Mahendra S. Rao Pdf

A discussion of all the key issues in the use of human pluripotent stem cells for treating degenerative diseases or for replacing tissues lost from trauma. On the practical side, the topics range from the problems of deriving human embryonic stem cells and driving their differentiation along specific lineages, regulating their development into mature cells, and bringing stem cell therapy to clinical trials. Regulatory issues are addressed in discussions of the ethical debate surrounding the derivation of human embryonic stem cells and the current policies governing their use in the United States and abroad, including the rules and conditions regulating federal funding and questions of intellectual property.