The Kensington Runestone Vindicated

Author : Rolf M. Nilsestuen
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015032225115

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The Kensington Runestone Vindicated by Rolf M. Nilsestuen Pdf

Third-generation Norweigan-American Rolf M. Nilsestuen summarizes hundreds of pages of documented evidence and proves conclusively that Norwegians were in Minnesota in 1362. The book includes works by Holand, Landsverk, and Hall, as well as a series of articles by Dr. Richard Nielsen that refute every negative argument and attest every word and symbol with new evidence from medieval documents. The Kensington Runestone Vindicated exposes the hoax perpetrated by Wahlgren and Wallace and reveals the shameful neglect of this matter by the Smithsonian Institution. With a liberal dose of common sense, human understanding, and Scandinavian wit, Nilsestuen brings this somewhat esoteric subject down to earth. Contents: Introduction; History; The Discovery; The Evidence; Weathering; Mooring Holes; Norse Artifacts; The Mandans; The Verendre Stone; Additional Finds; The Inscription; The Runes; The Numerals; Wahlgren; Wahlgren vs. The Evidence; Vikings in America; Other Critics; Dr. Erik Molke; Birgitta L. Wallace; Olof Ohman; Summary; Conclusion; Epilogue; The Runestone vs. the Smithsonian; The Newport Tower.

Author : Alice Beck Kehoe
Publisher : Waveland Press
Page : 113 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2005-02-17
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781478609254

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The Kensington Runestone by Alice Beck Kehoe Pdf

In 1898, a farmer in northwestern Minnesota unearthed a large stone engraved with what appeared to be Norse runes carved in 1362. Could medieval Scandinavians have penetrated deep into mainland North America over a century before Columbus discovered the New World? Does the stone provide evidence that forces a rewrite of American history, or was it merely a well-executed hoax? In the absence of written records documenting a Norse expedition into Minnesota, most historians have dismissed the Kensington Runestone as a forgery. However, Kehoe approaches the question holistically. She examines not only historical and literary evidence, but also brings in data from archaeology, geology, linguistics, and biological anthropology. She concludes that the stones authenticity should not be dismissed as readily as it has been so far, even if that means re-thinking deeply ingrained ideas about contact between Europeans and indigenous Americans.

Author : Peter Hancock
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 275 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2015-01-22
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781107071681

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Hoax Springs Eternal by Peter Hancock Pdf

This book examines and extrapolates from famous historical case studies to illustrate principles of cognitive deception and how to avoid being deceived.

Author : Sheila M. Embleton,John Earl Joseph,Hans-Josef Niederehe
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 391 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1999-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027221889

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The Emergence of the Modern Language Sciences: Methodological perspectives and applications by Sheila M. Embleton,John Earl Joseph,Hans-Josef Niederehe Pdf

Alongside considerable continuity, 20th-century diachronic linguistics has seen substantial shifts in outlook and procedure from the 19th-century paradigm. Our understanding of what is really new and what is recycled owes a great debt to E. F. K. Koerner's minutely researched interpretations of the work of the field's founders and key transitional figures. At the cusp of the 21st century, some of the best known scholars in the field explore how these methodological shifts have been and continue to be played out in historical Romance, Germanic and Indo-European linguistics, as well as in work outside these traditional areas. These 22 studies, honouring the founder of "Diachronica" and other publication ventures that have helped revitalize historical enquiry in recent decades, include examinations of Indo-European methodology and the reconstructions carried out by Bloomfield and Sapir; the search for relatives of Indo-European; comparative, structural and sociolinguistic analyses of the history of the Romance languages; regular vs. morpholexical approaches to OHG umlaut; and the synchrony and diachrony of gender affixes in Tsez.

Author : Sheila Embleton,John E. Joseph,Hans-Josef Niederehe
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 393 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1999-10-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027298423

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The Emergence of the Modern Language Sciences by Sheila Embleton,John E. Joseph,Hans-Josef Niederehe Pdf

Alongside considerable continuity, 20th-century diachronic linguistics has seen substantial shifts in outlook and procedure from the 19th-century paradigm. Our understanding of what is really new and what is recycled owes a great debt to E. F. K. Koerner's minutely researched interpretations of the work of the field's founders and key transitional figures. At the cusp of the 21st century, some of the best known scholars in the field explore how these methodological shifts have been and continue to be played out in historical Romance, Germanic and Indo-European linguistics, as well as in work outside these traditional areas. These 22 studies, honouring the founder of Diachronica and other publication ventures that have helped revitalize historical enquiry in recent decades, include examinations of Indo-European methodology and the reconstructions carried out by Bloomfield and Sapir; the search for relatives of Indo-European; comparative, structural and sociolinguistic analyses of the history of the Romance languages; regular vs. morpholexical approaches to OHG umlaut; and the synchrony and diachrony of gender affixes in Tsez.

Author : Ole Godfred Landsverk
Publisher : Glendale, Calif. : Church Press
Page : 88 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 1961
Category : Kensington Rune Stone
ISBN : UOM:39015014720265

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The Kensington Runestone by Ole Godfred Landsverk Pdf

Author : David M. Krueger
Publisher : U of Minnesota Press
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2015-10-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9781452945439

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Myths of the Rune Stone by David M. Krueger Pdf

What do our myths say about us? Why do we choose to believe stories that have been disproven? David M. Krueger takes an in-depth look at a legend that held tremendous power in one corner of Minnesota, helping to define both a community’s and a state’s identity for decades. In 1898, a Swedish immigrant farmer claimed to have discovered a large rock with writing carved into its surface in a field near Kensington, Minnesota. The writing told a North American origin story, predating Christopher Columbus’s exploration, in which Viking missionaries reached what is now Minnesota in 1362 only to be massacred by Indians. The tale’s credibility was quickly challenged and ultimately undermined by experts, but the myth took hold. Faith in the authenticity of the Kensington Rune Stone was a crucial part of the local Nordic identity. Accepted and proclaimed as truth, the story of the Rune Stone recast Native Americans as villains. The community used the account as the basis for civic celebrations for years, and advocates for the stone continue to promote its validity despite the overwhelming evidence that it was a hoax. Krueger puts this stubborn conviction in context and shows how confidence in the legitimacy of the stone has deep implications for a wide variety of Minnesotans who embraced it, including Scandinavian immigrants, Catholics, small-town boosters, and those who desired to commemorate the white settlers who died in the Dakota War of 1862. Krueger demonstrates how the resilient belief in the Rune Stone is a form of civil religion, with aspects that defy logic but illustrate how communities characterize themselves. He reveals something unique about America’s preoccupation with divine right and its troubled way of coming to terms with the history of the continent’s first residents. By considering who is included, who is left out, and how heroes and villains are created in the stories we tell about the past, Myths of the Rune Stone offers an enlightening perspective on not just Minnesota but the United States as well.

Author : William E. Lass
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2000-08-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9780393348545

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Minnesota: A History (Second Edition) (States and the Nation) by William E. Lass Pdf

A comprehensive history of a state thought by many to be the most livable. In this volume, William Lass tells the story of Minnesota, a state that evolved from many cultures, from its beginnings to the present. This history not only provides descriptions of the essential events of Minnesota's past but also offers an interpretation of major trends and characteristics of the state and its distinctiveness within the context of the nation's story.

Author : Tim Wallace-Murphy,Marilyn Hopkins
Publisher : Red Wheel/Weiser
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2023-06-05
Category : History
ISBN : 9781633412996

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Templars in America by Tim Wallace-Murphy,Marilyn Hopkins Pdf

“This book is a must-read for anyone wanting to understand the true history of the founding of the most powerful nation on earth.” —Scott Wolter, host of America Unearthed and author of Cryptic Code of the Templars in America Using archival and archaeological sources, two historians reveal the hidden history of the Knights Templar and their travels to pre-Columbian America . . . and their influence on the Founding Fathers. Templars in America reveals the story of two leading European Templar families who combined forces to create a new commonwealth in America nearly a century before the voyages of Christopher Columbus. Henry St. Clair of the Orkney Islands, then part of Normandy, and Carlo Zeno, a Venetian trader, made peaceful and mutually beneficial contact with the Mi’qmaq people of what is now Canada. Proof of their travels is carved in stone on both sides of the Atlantic and can be found in documentary evidence borne out by a strong oral tradition that has withstood the test of time. Historians Tim Wallace-Murphy and Marilyn Hopkins demonstrate how this early contact with the Americas ties into the centuries-long development of the Templars and Freemasonry, which in turn shaped the thinking of the Founding Fathers—and the American Constitution. Wallace-Murphy and Hopkins also reveal the continuous history of American exploration from the time of ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome, through the age of the Vikings. Templars in America is a wild ride from the golden age of exploration to the founding of the United States.

Author : William F. Williams
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 445 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2013-12-02
Category : Reference
ISBN : 9781135955229

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Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience by William F. Williams Pdf

The Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience is the first one-volume, A-to-Z reference that identifies, defines, and explains all of the terms and ideas dealing with the somewhat murky world of the "almost sciences". Truly interdisciplinary and multicultural in scope, the Encyclopedia examines how fringe or marginal sciences have affected people throughout history, as well as how they continue to exert an influence on our lives today. This comprehensive reference brings together: superstitions and fads that are part of popular culture, such as fortune telling; healing practices once thought marginal that are now become increasingly accepted, such as homeopathy and acupuncture; frauds and hoaxes that have occurred throughout history, such as UFOs; mistaken theories first put forward as serious science, but later discarded as false, such as phrenology and racial typing, etc. More than 2000 extensively cross-referenced and illustrated entries cover prominent phenomena, major figures, events topics, places and associations.

Author : Minnesota Historical Society. Museum Com
Publisher : Hardpress Publishing
Page : 104 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2013-12
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 131495640X

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The Kensington Rune Stone... by Minnesota Historical Society. Museum Com Pdf

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Author : Tim Wallace-Murphy,James Martin
Publisher : Red Wheel/Weiser
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2023-04-03
Category : Body, Mind & Spirit
ISBN : 9781633412965

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Uncharted by Tim Wallace-Murphy,James Martin Pdf

An exploration of the history, mythology, and evidence of those who traveled to pre-Columbian America. Native groups have lived in the Americas for more than 10,000 years, but the voyages of Columbus surely did not bring the first visitors. Uncharted covers a range of cultures who seemingly visited the Americas long before Columbus, including Egyptians, Greeks, Celts, Vikings, as well as various people from Asia; and one large Chinese group who likely settled in the Americas in 100 BC. Wallace-Murphy and Martin delve into a wealth of evidence and stories, from potential Roman and Phoenician shipwrecks off the coast of South America to Celtic and Norse exploration of North America. How did the Knights Templar influence the discovery of the New World? How did the Vikings navigate their way? What do the Sinclair family, the Rosslyn Chapel, and two Venetian brothers have to do with the discovery of a new continent? With source materials dating back through millennia, including very recent finds, this book will present a side of history still so readily dismissed by some. Columbus should be remembered, but remembered for the conquering tyrant he was. These other groups did not come to conquer, but to trade, explore, and escape.

Author : E. Tillman
Publisher : Christian Faith Publishing, Inc.
Page : 367 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2021-01-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9781098013035

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Heaven Holds the Answers by E. Tillman Pdf

It's not what we read but rather how we read it that makes the difference!!!What if I told you things are not as they appear. Black is not black and White is not white and 130 B.C. is not 130 years before Christ. Now turn off the lights and tell me what is white and what is black, color is the refection of light, without light there is no color. That's what Rome did, they turned off the lights on the truth.And the way we been taught to record time is not the only way it was done.And that an ancient order set claim to the entire Western Hemisphere long before Columbus and possibly achieved it in 130 B.C. With B.C. possibly meaning before Columbus, before the cycle or before the comet of 1492 becoming 1362, possible in this case B.C. stood for all three events.130 B.C. is not as it appears and the claim was not made for a mortal king or country, but rather for a Supreme God, Under God laws.If you like riddles. If you like enigmas. If you would like to see history recorded and told differently or truer then you may be ready for this challenge. If you are then you are ready to look at the clues that was left behind with an open mind.If you like astronomy, I'll show you how different groups of people each use different galactic events besides the Star of Bethlehem to mark the start of their time and all the different groups calendar are tied together. We will be looking at the equivalent of several Stars of Bethlehem from here in the Americas.I'll be taking you through a dating wormhole without leaving the planet, making you scratch your head, laugh and wonder, "what if he is right. "This book just maybe the start of the rest of the story. If you read through this book the first time you will read it again and again.And you will possibly come to the same conclusion, "So that's how they did that. "And you will never read things the same way all the time again. Including the Book of Mormons with its three different voyages and possible dating enigmas, truest account ever written about the Americas."Sometimes it's not what is being said that's important, it's what not being said that is.You will be intrigued, so if you are ready to start a journey that will give you a lot to think about then turn to page 1. Unravel the truth.

Author : Epigraphic Society
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Inscriptions
ISBN : STANFORD:36105021615104

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The Epigraphic Society Occasional Papers by Epigraphic Society Pdf

Author : Peter James,Nick Thorpe
Publisher : Ballantine Books
Page : 673 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2001-10-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9780345434883

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Ancient Mysteries by Peter James,Nick Thorpe Pdf

For centuries, philosophers, scientists, and charlatans have attempted to decipher the baffling mysteries of our past, from Stonehenge to the lost continent of Atlantis. Today, however, DNA testing, radiocarbon dating, and other cutting-edge investigative tools, together with a healthy dose of common sense, are guiding us closer to the truth. Now historian Peter James and archaeologist Nick Thorpe tackle these age-old conundrums, presenting the latest information from the scientific community–and the most startling challenges to traditional explanations of mysteries such as: • The rise and fall of the Maya • A lost cache of Dead Sea Scrolls • The curse of Tutankhamun • The devastation of Sodom and Gomorrah • The Nazca Lines and the Vinland Map • The existence of Robin Hood These true mystery stories twist and turn like a good whodunit, as James and Thorpe present the evidence for and against the expert theories, shedding new light on humankind’s age-old struggle to make sense of the past. Ancient Mysteries will entertain and enlighten, delight the curious and inform the serious.