The Laws Of Belief

Author : Wolfgang Spohn
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2012-03-29
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191629273

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The Laws of Belief by Wolfgang Spohn Pdf

Wolfgang Spohn presents the first full account of the dynamic laws of belief, by means of ranking theory. This book is his long-awaited presentation of ranking theory and its ramifications. He motivates and introduces the basic notion of a ranking function, which recognises degrees of belief and at the same time accounts for belief simpliciter. He provides a measurement theory for ranking functions, accounts for auto-epistemology in ranking-theoretic terms, and explicates the basic notion of a (deductive or non-deductive) reason. The rich philosophical applications of Spohn's theory include: a new account of lawlikeness, an account of ceteris paribus laws, a new perspective on dispositions, a rich and detailed theory of deterministic causation, an understanding of natural modalities as an objectification of epistemic modalities, an account of the experiential basis of belief—and thus a restructuring of the debate on foundationalism and coherentism (and externalism and contextualism)—and, finally, a revival of fundamental a priori principles of reason fathoming the basics of empiricism and the relation between reason and truth, and concluding in a proof of a weak principle of causality. All this is accompanied by thorough comparative discussions, on a general level as well as within each topic, and in particular with respect to probability theory.

Author : Brian Tracy
Publisher : Berrett-Koehler Publishers
Page : 341 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2002-01-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781605098982

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The 100 Absolutely Unbreakable Laws of Business Success by Brian Tracy Pdf

Why are some people more successful in business? Why do some businesses flourish where others fail? Renowned business speaker and author, Brian Tracy, tackles these puzzling questions through a set of principles or universal laws one needs to follow to become successful in the world of business. In The 100 Absolutely Unbreakable Laws of Business Success, Tracy draws on his thirty years of experience and knowledge to present a set of principles or "universal laws" that lie behind the success of business people everywhere, in every kind of enterprise, large and small. These are natural laws, he says, and they work everywhere and for everyone, virtually without exception. Every year, thousands of companies underperform or even fail and millions of individuals underachieve, frustrated by thwarted ambition and dreams-all because they either attempted to violate or did not know these universal laws. But ignorance of the law is no excuse! Tracy breaks the 100 laws down into nine major categories: Life, Success, Business, Leadership, Money, Economics, Selling, Negotiating, and Time Management. Drawing on a lifetime of observation, investigation, and experience, Tracy not only identifies and defines each law, he also reveals its source and foundation, whether in science, nature, philosophy, experience, or common sense. He illustrates how it functions in the world using real-life anecdotes and examples shows how to apply it to your life and work through specific questions and practical steps and exercises that everyone can use-sometimes in just minutes-to begin the journey toward greater business success.

Author : Wolfgang Spohn
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 615 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2012-03-29
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199697502

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The Laws of Belief by Wolfgang Spohn Pdf

Wolfgang Spohn presents the first full account of the dynamic laws of belief, by means of ranking theory, a relative of probability theory which he has pioneered since the 1980s. He offers novel insights into the nature of laws, the theory of causation, inductive reasoning and its experiential base, and a priori principles of reason.

Author : Jean d'Aspremont
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 179 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2017-11-09
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781108421874

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International Law as a Belief System by Jean d'Aspremont Pdf

Offers a new perspective on international law and international legal argumentation: to what event is international law a belief system?

Author : Scott A. Merriman
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 679 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2007-05-18
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781851098644

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Religion and the Law in America [2 volumes] by Scott A. Merriman Pdf

This work is a comprehensive survey of one of the oldest—and hottest—debates in American history: the role of religion in the public discourse. The relationship between church and state was contentious long before the framers of the Constitution undertook the bold experiment of separating the two, sparking a debate that would rage for centuries: What is the role of religion in government—and vice versa? Religion and the Law in America explores the many facets of this question, from prayer in public schools to the addition of the phrase "under God" to the Pledge of Allegiance, from government investigation of religious fringe groups to federal grants for faith-based providers of social services. In more than 250 A–Z entries, along with a series of broad, thematic essays, it examines the groups, laws, and court cases that have framed this ongoing debate. Through its careful, balanced exploration of the interaction between government and religion throughout the history of the United States, the work provides all Americans—students, scholars, and lay readers alike—with a deep understanding of one of the central, enduring issues in our history.

Author : David Christensen,Professor of Philosophy David Christensen
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2004-11-04
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780199263257

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Putting Logic in Its Place by David Christensen,Professor of Philosophy David Christensen Pdf

Does logic help determine whether beliefs are rational? The author argues that it does - but only once we understand beliefs as coming in degrees. He explains the degree-of-belief approach offers the key to understanding how logical arguments work.

Author : Bishop Howard Winslow
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2016-04-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1532758944

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The Law of Belief by Bishop Howard Winslow Pdf

This book will offer some insight into the importance of the law of belief explaining how it will position you for God's abundant release. If you are a leader and reading this book our prayer is that every reader will see a glimpse of themselves within the confines of these pages, I pray that they will be able to insert themselves in and apply the teaching and revelation that God has released in this book to change their circumstances and revolutionize their thinking concerning what God's thoughts are concerning them the furtherance of their kingdom assignments. If you are struggling just to keep it together I just want to encourage you that God is your protector and through your trusting and believing in the covenant that God has made with you, He will bless you with more than you have room to receive.

Author : Kaushik Basu
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 259 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2020-12-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780691210049

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The Republic of Beliefs by Kaushik Basu Pdf

"[This book] argues that the traditional economic analysis of the law has significant flaws and has failed to answer certain critical questions satisfactorily. Why are good laws drafted but never implemented? When laws are unenforced, is it a failure of the law or the enforcers? And, most important, considering that laws are simply words on paper, why are they effective? Basu offers a provocative alternative to how the relationship between economics and real-world law enforcement should be understood. Basu summarizes standard, neoclassical law and economics before looking at the weaknesses underlying the discipline. Bringing modern game theory to bear, he develops a 'focal point' approach, modeling not just the self-interested actions of the citizens who must follow laws but also the functionaries of the state: the politicians, judges, and bureaucrats enforcing them. He demonstrates the connections between social norms and the law and shows how well conceived ideas can change and benefit human behavior. For example, bribe givers and takers will collude when they are treated equally under the law. And in food support programs, vouchers should be given directly to the poor to prevent shop owners from selling subsidized rations on the open market. Basu provides a new paradigm for the ways that law and economics interact: a framework applicable to both less developed countries and the developed world"--Jacket.

Author : Franz Huber,Christoph Schmidt-Petri
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2008-12-21
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781402091988

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Degrees of Belief by Franz Huber,Christoph Schmidt-Petri Pdf

This anthology is the first book to give a balanced overview of the competing theories of degrees of belief. It also explicitly relates these debates to more traditional concerns of the philosophy of language and mind and epistemic logic.

Author : Stephen Law
Publisher : Prometheus Books
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2011-04-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781616144128

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Believing Bullshit by Stephen Law Pdf

This book identifies eight key mechanisms that can transform a set of ideas into a psychological flytrap. The author suggests that, like the black holes of outer space, from which nothing, not even light, can escape, our contemporary cultural landscape contains numerous intellectual black-holes—belief systems constructed in such a way that unwary passers-by can similarly find themselves drawn in. While such self-sealing bubbles of belief will most easily trap the gullible or poorly educated, even the most intelligent and educated of us are potentially vulnerable. Some of the world’s greatest thinkers have fallen in, never to escape. This witty, insightful critique will help immunize readers against the wiles of cultists, religious and political zealots, conspiracy theorists, promoters of flaky alternative medicines, and others by clearly setting out the tricks of the trade by which such insidious belief systems are created and maintained.

Author : D. M. Armstrong
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1973-02-08
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0521087066

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Belief, Truth and Knowledge by D. M. Armstrong Pdf

A wide-ranging study of the central concepts in epistemology - belief, truth and knowledge. Professor Armstrong offers a dispositional account of general beliefs and of knowledge of general propositions. Belief about particular matters of fact are described as structures in the mind of the believer which represent or 'map' reality, while general beliefs are dispositions to extend the 'map' or introduce casual relations between portions of the map according to general rules. 'Knowledge' denotes the reliability of such beliefs as representations of reality. Within this framework Professor Armstrong offers a distinctive account of many of the main questions in general epistemology - the relations between beliefs and language, the notions of proposition, concept and idea, the analysis of truth, the varieties of knowledge, and the way in which beleifs and knowledge are supported by reasons. The book as a whole if offered as a contribution to a naturalistic account of man.

Author : Marie-Claire Foblets,Katayoun Alidadi,Zeynep Yanasmayan
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2016-04-15
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781317175339

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Belief, Law and Politics by Marie-Claire Foblets,Katayoun Alidadi,Zeynep Yanasmayan Pdf

This edited collection gathers together the principal findings of the three-year RELIGARE project, which dealt with the question of religious and philosophical diversity in European law. Specifically, it covers four spheres of public policy and legislation where the pressure to accommodate religious diversity has been most strongly felt in Europe: employment, family life, use of public space and state support mechanisms. Embracing a forward-looking approach, the final RELIGARE report provides recommendations to governance units at the local, national and European levels regarding issues of religious pluralism and secularism. This volume adds context and critique to those recommendations and more generally opens an intellectual discussion on the topic of religion in the European Union. The book consists of two main parts: the first includes the principal findings of the RELIGARE research project, while the second is a compilation of 28 short contributions from influential scholars, legal practitioners, policy makers and activists who respond to the report and offer their views on the sensitive issue of religious diversity and the law in Europe.

Author : IslamKotob
Publisher : IslamKotob
Page : 5 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2024-07-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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the hadith is proof itself in Belief & Laws by IslamKotob Pdf

Author : Scott A. Merriman
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:837242857

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Religion and the Law in America by Scott A. Merriman Pdf

Author : J.M. Vickers
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401011587

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Belief and Probability by J.M. Vickers Pdf

1. A WORD ABOUT PRESUPPOSITIONS This book is addressed to philosophers, and not necessarily to those philosophers whose interests and competence are largely mathematical or logical in the formal sense. It deals for the most part with problems in the theory of partial judgment. These problems are naturally formulated in numerical and logical terms, and it is often not easy to formulate them precisely otherwise. Indeed, the involvement of arithmetical and logical concepts seems essential to the philosophies of mind and action at just the point where they become concerned with partial judgment and" belief. I have tried throughout to use no mathematics that is not quite elementary, for the most part no more than ordinary arithmetic and algebra. There is some rudimentary and philosophically important employment of limits, but no use is made of integrals or differentials. Mathematical induction is rarely and inessentially employed in the text, but is more frequent and important in the apP'endix on set theory and Boolean algebra. • As far as logic is concerned, the book assumes a fair acquaintance with predicate logic and its techniques. The concepts of compactness and maximal consistency turn out to have important employment, which I have tried to keep self-contained, so that extensive knowledge of meta logical topics is not assumed. In a word, the book presupposes no more logical facility than is customary among working philosophers and graduate students, though it may call for unaccustomed vigor in its application.