The Leipzig Trials German War Crimes And Their Legal Consequences After World War I

Author : Gerd Hankel
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2014-12-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9089791329

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The Leipzig Trials: German War Crimes and Their Legal Consequences After World War I by Gerd Hankel Pdf

After World War I, the Allies aimed to prosecute Germans accused of war crimes but ultimately agreed to allow the Reichsgericht in Leipzig to try them. This is the first systematic, highly readable scholarly assessment of all these cases. Of the 900 Germans on Allied extradition lists, only a few faced court investigations; seven were convicted, ten found not guilty; charges against all others were dropped. Hankel demonstrates how German courts' war crimes definitions revealed differences between German and international interpretations of existing agreements on the treatment of civilians, partisans, or prisoners of war. The Leipzig trials reinforced German perceptions that their conduct of war was legitimate, with disastrous effects in World War II, but also paved the way to the Nuremberg Trials. CONTENTS: Introduction PART I: PRIOR HISTORY - FROM THE END OF THE WAR TO THE BEGINNING OF THE TRIALS (1918-1921) 1. The Allied Demand for Punishment 2. German Countermeasures and Allied Concessions-The First Step Towards Revising Versailles 3. From the Start of the Investigations to the First Trial Before the Reich Court 4. Digression: The Planned Trial of Wilhelm II and its Failure PART II: THE TRIALS BEFORE THE REICH COURT AND THE REICH PROSECUTOR'S INVESTIGATION (1921-1927) 1. Subject and Progress of the Trials 2. On the Charges: Atrocities and Systematic Inhuman Behavior by German Troops 3. On the Charge of Murder and Manslaughter of Members of the Enemy Civilian Population 4. The Charge of Mistreatment of Prisoners of War 5. On the Charge of Deportation and Forced Labor 6. On the Sea War in General and the Charge of Sinking Ships without Warning, Particularly in "Unrestricted" Submarine Warfare 7. On the Difficulty of Prosecuting Crimes in the Air War PART III: REPERCUSSIONS AND ADJUSTMENTS (1928-1945) 1. Trials in Absentia in Belgium and France and Their Aftermath 2. Once Again: The Sinking of the Llandovery Castle, or How a Crime Disappears 3. The Laws of War and War Crimes in World War II Conclusion Abbreviations Bibliography Index About the Author: Gerd Hankel, Dr. jur., M.A. (1957) is a legal scholar and guest fellow at the Hamburg Institute for Social Research. He has published extensively in the field of international (humanitarian/criminal) law and human rights.

Author : Claud Mullins
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1921
Category : Leipzig Trials, Leipzig, Germany, 1921
ISBN : UOM:39015046388289

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The Leipzig Trials by Claud Mullins Pdf

Author : Robert Cryer,Darryl Robinson,Sergey Vasiliev
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 643 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2019-08-15
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781108481922

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An Introduction to International Criminal Law and Procedure by Robert Cryer,Darryl Robinson,Sergey Vasiliev Pdf

A leading work in the field of international criminal law, which is accessible, comprehensive and up to date.

Author : David A. Blumenthal,Timothy L. H. McCormack
Publisher : Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789004156913

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The Legacy of Nuremberg by David A. Blumenthal,Timothy L. H. McCormack Pdf

In this new collection of essays the editors assess the legacy of the Nuremberg Trial asking whether the Trial really did have a civilising influence or if it constituted little more than institutionalised vengeance. Three essays focus particularly on the historical context and involve rich analysis of, for example, the atmospherics of the Trial itself and the attitudes of German society at the time to the conduct of the Trial. The majority of the essays deal with the contemporary legacies of the Nuremberg Trial and attempt to assess the ongoing relevance of the Judgment itself and of the principles encapsulated in it. Some essays consider the importance of the principle of individual criminal responsibility under international law and argue that the international community has to some extent failed to fulfil the promise of Nuremberg in the decades since the Trial. Other essays focus on contemporary application of aspects of the substantive law of Nuremberg - particularly the international crime of aggression, the law of military occupation and the use of the crime of conspiracy as an alternative basis of criminal responsibility. The collection also includes essays analysing the nature and operation of a number of international criminal tribunals since Nuremberg including the permanent International Criminal Court. The final grouping of essays focus on the impact of the Nuremberg Trial on Australia examining, in particular, Australia's post-World War Two war crimes trials of Japanese defendants, Australia's extensive national case law on Article 1(F) of the Refugee Convention and Australia's national implementing legislation for the Rome Statute.

Author : William A. Schabas
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 497 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2023-08-08
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780197744475

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The International Legal Order's Colour Line by William A. Schabas Pdf

Prior to the twentieth century, international law was predominantly written by and for the 'civilised nations' of the white Global North. It justified doctrines of racial inequality and effectively drew a colour line that excluded citizens of the Global South and persons of African descent from participating in international law-making while subjecting them to colonialism and the slave trade. The International Legal Order's Colour Line narrates this divide and charts the development of regulation on racism and racial discrimination at the international level, principally within the United Nations. Most notably, it outlines how these themes gained traction once the Global South gained more participation in international law-making after the First World War. It challenges the narrative that human rights are a creation of the Global North by focussing on the decisive contributions that countries of the Global South and people of colour made to anchor anti-racism in international law. After assessing early historical developments, chapters are devoted to The League of Nations, the adoption and implementation of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the debates within UNESCO on the notion of race itself, expansion of crimes against humanity to cover peacetime violations, as well as challenges to apartheid in South Africa. At all stages, the focus lies on the role played by those who have been the victims of racial discrimination, primarily the countries of the Global South, in advancing the debate and promoting the development of new legal rules and institutions for their implementation. The International Legal Order's Colour Line provides a comprehensive history and compelling new approach to the history of human rights law.

Author : Annika Mombauer
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 462 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2024-06-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9781351168427

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The Causes of the First World War by Annika Mombauer Pdf

The causes of the First World War were disputed before the first shots had even been fired. Recriminations intensified following the Treaty of Versailles when the victors accused Germany and its allies of having caused the war. This was the start of a heated blame game in which historians and politicians on all sides became embroiled in a war of documents and publications. More than 100 years on, the question of the origins of the First World War still remains contested. Based on Annika Mombauer’s The Origins of the First World War (2002), this thoroughly revised and expanded volume examines the political and ideological concerns that fuelled these international disagreements and offers an extensive analysis of a complex and unique historical controversy from 1914 to the centenary and beyond. It provides students, teachers, scholars and non-specialist readers with a comprehensive guide through the maze of conflicting interpretations.

Author : Pavel Šturma,Milan Lipovský
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 345 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2022-08-22
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789004519329

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The Crime of Genocide: Then and Now by Pavel Šturma,Milan Lipovský Pdf

In The Crime of Genocide Then and Now: Evolution of a Crime, the editors Pavel Šturma and Milan Lipovský submit an analysis of the readiness of the definition of genocide to the world of 21st century.

Author : Svenja Goltermann
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 225 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2024-01-19
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780192897725

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Victims by Svenja Goltermann Pdf

Classifying people as 'victims' is a historical phenomenon with remarkable growth since the second half of the 20th century. The term victim is widely used to refer both to those who have died in wars and to people who have experienced some form of physical or psychological violence. Moreover, victimhood has become a shorthand for any injustice suffered. This can be seen in many contexts: in debates on social justice, when claims for compensation are made, human rights are defended, past crimes are publicly commemorated, or humanitarian intervention is called for. By adopting a history of knowledge approach, Victims takes a fresh look at the phenomenon of classifying people as victims. It goes beyond existing narratives to provide a new and comprehensive explanation of the complex genealogy of modern concepts of victimhood. In order to reveal the fundamental shifts in perceptions and interpretations of harm, this book reconstructs the emergence of the figure of the victim from the late 18th century to the present. Focusing on Western Europe, it shows that neither the World Wars nor the Holocaust were the only reasons for this shift. Instead, changing power relations and new knowledge, especially in medicine and law, fundamentally altered perceptions and interpretations of death and suffering, of legitimate and illegitimate violence. Today, the debate takes another turn with the widespread criticism of victim attribution and the increasing delegitimisation of the term. Svenja Goltermann tells this story with brilliant clarity - without subscribing to the new denigration of the victim.

Author : Ornella Rovetta,Pieter Lagrou
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2021-11-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9781800732629

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Defeating Impunity by Ornella Rovetta,Pieter Lagrou Pdf

Over the course of the long and violent twentieth century, only a minority of international crime perpetrators ever stood trial, and a central challenge of this era was the effort to ensure that not all these crimes remained unpunished. This required not only establishing a legal record but also courage, determination, and inventiveness in realizing justice. Defeating Impunity moves from the little-known trials of the 1920s to the Yugoslavia tribunal in the 2000s, from Belgium in 1914 to Ukraine in 1943, and to Stuttgart and Düsseldorf in 1975. It illustrates the extent to which the language of law drew an international horizon of justice.

Author : Patricia Heberer,J_rgen MatthÜus
Publisher : U of Nebraska Press
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2008-04-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780803210844

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Atrocities on Trial by Patricia Heberer,J_rgen MatthÜus Pdf

These essays are organised into four sections, dealing with the history of war crime trials from Weimar Germany to just after World War II, the sometimes diverging Allied attempts to come to terms with the Nazi concentration camp system, the ability of postwar societies to confront war crimes of the past and the legacy of war crime trials.

Author : Markus P. Beham
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2022-11-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780755617548

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Atrocity Labelling by Markus P. Beham Pdf

Atrocity. Genocide. War crime. Crime Against Humanity. Such atrocity labels have been popularized among international lawmakers but with little insight offered into how and when these terms are applied and to what effect. What constitutes an event to be termed a genocide or war crime and what role does this play in the application of legal proceedings? Markus P. Beham, through an interdisciplinary and comparative approach, unpicks these terms to uncover their historical genesis and their implications for international criminal law initiatives concerned with atrocity. The book uniquely compares four specific case studies: Belgian colonial exploitation of the Congo, atrocities committed against the Herero and Nama in German South-West Africa, the Armenian genocide and the man-made Ukrainian famine of the 1930s. Encompassing international law, legal history, and discourse analysis, the concept of 'atrocity labelling' is used to capture the meaning underlying the work of international lawyers and prosecutors, historians and sociologists, agenda setters and policy makers.

Author : Stefanie Bock,Eckart Conze
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2021-09-20
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789462654679

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Rethinking the Crime of Aggression by Stefanie Bock,Eckart Conze Pdf

This book presents a selection of revised and updated papers presented in September 2018 at the International Conference ‘Rethinking the Crime of Aggression: International and Interdisciplinary Perspectives’, which was held in Marburg, Germany, and hosted by the International Research and Documentation Centre for War Crimes Trials (ICWC). In light of the activation of the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court concerning the crime of aggression, international experts from various disciplines such as law, history, the social sciences, psychology and economics came together to enhance the understanding of this complex and challenging matter and thereby opened a cross-disciplinary dialogue regarding aggressive war and the crime of aggression: a dialogue that not only addresses the historical genesis of the current situation, the content of the new aggression provisions, their implementation in practice and their possible regulatory effects, but also instigates perspectives for investigating future developments and issues. Stefanie Bock is Professor of Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure, International Criminal Law and Comparative Law in the Department of Law at the Philipps University of Marburg in Germany and Co-Director of the International Research and Documentation Centre for War Crimes Trials. Eckart Conze is Professor of Modern and Contemporary History in the Department of History at the Philipps University of Marburg in Germany and Co-Director of the International Research and Documentation Centre for War Crimes Trials.

Author : Madoka Futamura
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 462 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2007-10-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134091317

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War Crimes Tribunals and Transitional Justice by Madoka Futamura Pdf

Advocates of theNuremberg legacy emphasize the positive impact of the individualization of responsibility and the establishment of an historical record through judicial procedures forwar crimes. This legacy has been cited in the context of the establishment and operation of the UN ad hoc International Criminal Tribunals in the 1990s, as well

Author : Catherine Lu
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2017-11-07
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781108352093

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Justice and Reconciliation in World Politics by Catherine Lu Pdf

This book examines how justice and reconciliation in world politics should be conceived in response to the injustice and alienation of modern colonialism?

Author : International Military Tribunal
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1946
Category : Nuremberg Trial of Major German War Criminals, Nuremberg, Germany, 1945-1946
ISBN : MINN:31951D00143759K

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The Trial of German Major War Criminals by International Military Tribunal Pdf

The 24 defendants were: Hermann Wilhelm Göring, Rudolf Hess, Joachim von Ribbentrop, Robert Ley, Wilhelm Keitel, Ernst Kaltenbrunner, Alfred Rosenberg, Hans Frank, Wilhelm Frick, Julius Streicher, Walter Funk, Hjalmar Schacht, Gustav Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach, Karl Dönitz, Erich Raeder, Baldur von Schirach, Fritz Sauckel, Alfred Jodl, Martin Bormann, Franz von Papen, Arthur Seyss-Inquart, Albert Speer, Constantin von Neurath, and Hans Fritzsche.