The Limits Of Protectionism

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The Limits of Protectionism

Michael Lusztig
The Limits of Protectionism Book PDF

Author : Michael Lusztig
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Pre
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2024-06-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0822972565

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The Limits of Protectionism by Michael Lusztig Pdf

Conventional wisdom holds that free trade is economically beneficial to nations. But this does not prevent industries and interest groups from lobbying their governments for protection, which creates a fear of electoral backlash among politicians hoping to promote free trade. The Limits of Protectionism demonstrates how governments can attain those economic benefits while avoiding the political costs. Michael Lusztig's theoretical model focuses on a process by which protectionists can be pushed to restructure and compete in a global economy. In this process, a small cutback in domestic protection leads to lost market shares at home; producers must then turn to overseas exports, and, as the size of foreign profits grow, former protectionists become active advocates for more and greater free trade opportunities. In a wide-ranging array of case studies—from nineteenth-century Britain to Depression-era United States to contemporary New Zealand, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, and Mexico—Lusztig reveals that, if skillfully handled, governments can eliminate the obstacles to free trade and enjoy continued economic growth without fear of protectionist groups seeking revenge at the ballot box.

The Collapse of Global Trade, Murky Protectionism, and the Crisis

Richard E. Baldwin,Simon J. Evenett
The Collapse of Global Trade Murky Protectionism and the Crisis Book PDF

Author : Richard E. Baldwin,Simon J. Evenett
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 112 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2011-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1907142231

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The Collapse of Global Trade, Murky Protectionism, and the Crisis by Richard E. Baldwin,Simon J. Evenett Pdf

The global financial crisis of 2008/9 is the Great Depression of the 21st century. For many though, the similarities stop at the Wall Street Crash as the current generation of policymakers have acted quickly to avoid the mistakes of the past. Yet the global crisis has made room for mistakes all of its own. While governments have apparently kept to their word on refraining from protectionist measures in the style of 1930s tariffs, there has been a disturbing rise in "murky protectionism." Seemingly benign, these crisis-linked policies are twisted to favour domestic firms, workers and investors. This book, first published as an eBook on VoxEU.org in March 2009, brings together leading trade policy practitioners and experts - including Australian Trade Minister Simon Crean and former Mexican President Ernesto Zedillo. Initially its aim was to advise policymakers heading in to the G20 meeting in London, but since the threat of murky protectionism persists, so too do their warnings.

Protectionism

Jagdish N. Bhagwati
Protectionism Book PDF

Author : Jagdish N. Bhagwati
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0262521504

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Protectionism by Jagdish N. Bhagwati Pdf

"Through a combination of text, quotations, cartoons, tables, charts, and graphs, Bhagwati ... looks at the forces for and against protection."--Jacket.

What's Wrong with Protectionism

Pierre Lemieux
What s Wrong with Protectionism Book PDF

Author : Pierre Lemieux
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 142 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2018-08-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781538122136

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What's Wrong with Protectionism by Pierre Lemieux Pdf

Putting tariffs on imported goods or setting other barriers to international trade can be tempting for politicians. They assume that many of their constituents believe that free trade is not fair trade and that other countries aren’t playing by the rules. This belief makes it easy for industry leaders to demand protection for their businesses and their workers—to “put America first.” But Americans should resist the siren calls of protectionism. In this highly relevant protectionism primer, Pierre Lemieux shows what can happen if they don’t. As the author demonstrates, trade between any two countries is fair for the same reasons as exchange between two individuals: it is to the benefit of both. Lemieux carefully refutes the arguments of those who would curtail Americans’ access to the benefits of international commerce—from the claim that we can boost economic growth by reducing imports to the belief that free trade leads to “shipping jobs overseas.” Yes, manufacturing jobs are declining in this country and have been since the 1950s. But, as Lemieux points out, that’s in large part because Americans are making more advanced products more efficiently—that’s our comparative advantage. And this is happening as less-developed countries are producing more labor-intensive, low-tech goods—that’s their comparative advantage. All parties to a trade benefit. Lemieux shows how free trade improves the lives of American consumers, especially the poor. The narrow agenda of the protectionists—to protect a small minority of producers at the expense of millions of their fellow Americans—is the wrong path for an increasingly diverse and complex economy. This concise primer shows you why.

Nontariff Measures and International Trade

John Christopher Beghin
Nontariff Measures and International Trade Book PDF

Author : John Christopher Beghin
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
Page : 393 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2016-11-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789813144415

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Nontariff Measures and International Trade by John Christopher Beghin Pdf

Nontariff Measures and International Trade includes 20 chapters authored by John Beghin and co-authors over the last 20 years on the economics of quality-standard like nontariff measures in the context of international trade. This book provides a coherent and comprehensive treatment of these nontariff measures, from their measurement to their effects on trade and welfare. In Part I, the authors use different perspectives to make the case that, unlike tariffs, quality-standard like nontariff measures are complex to measure and analyze and do not easily lead to general policy prescriptions. Then, Part II contains contributions on measurements of welfare and trade effects of nontariff measures, accounting for potential market imperfections. Part III presents chapters on the potential protectionism of nontariff measures when they are used to favor some economic agents over society. The last part presents cases studies of nontariff measures in different industries, markets, and countries.

Clashing Over Commerce

Douglas A. Irwin
Clashing Over Commerce Book PDF

Author : Douglas A. Irwin
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 873 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2017-11-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780226399010

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Clashing Over Commerce by Douglas A. Irwin Pdf

A Foreign Affairs Best Book of the Year: “Tells the history of American trade policy . . . [A] grand narrative [that] also debunks trade-policy myths.” —Economist Should the United States be open to commerce with other countries, or should it protect domestic industries from foreign competition? This question has been the source of bitter political conflict throughout American history. Such conflict was inevitable, James Madison argued in the Federalist Papers, because trade policy involves clashing economic interests. The struggle between the winners and losers from trade has always been fierce because dollars and jobs are at stake: depending on what policy is chosen, some industries, farmers, and workers will prosper, while others will suffer. Douglas A. Irwin’s Clashing over Commerce is the most authoritative and comprehensive history of US trade policy to date, offering a clear picture of the various economic and political forces that have shaped it. From the start, trade policy divided the nation—first when Thomas Jefferson declared an embargo on all foreign trade and then when South Carolina threatened to secede from the Union over excessive taxes on imports. The Civil War saw a shift toward protectionism, which then came under constant political attack. Then, controversy over the Smoot-Hawley tariff during the Great Depression led to a policy shift toward freer trade, involving trade agreements that eventually produced the World Trade Organization. Irwin makes sense of this turbulent history by showing how different economic interests tend to be grouped geographically, meaning that every proposed policy change found ready champions and opponents in Congress. Deeply researched and rich with insight and detail, Clashing over Commerce provides valuable and enduring insights into US trade policy past and present. “Combines scholarly analysis with a historian’s eye for trends and colorful details . . . readable and illuminating, for the trade expert and for all Americans wanting a deeper understanding of America’s evolving role in the global economy.” —National Review “Magisterial.” —Foreign Affairs

Risking Free Trade

Michael Lusztig
Risking Free Trade Book PDF

Author : Michael Lusztig
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
Page : 193 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1996-12-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780822974789

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Risking Free Trade by Michael Lusztig Pdf

There are few issues as politically explosive as the liberalization of trade, as recent controversies in the United States, Canada, and Mexico have shown. While loosening trade restrictions may make sense for a nation’s economy as a whole, it typically alienates powerful vested interests. Those interests can exact severe political costs for the government that enacts change. So why accept the risk? Michael Lusztig contructs a model to determine why and under what conditions governments will take the free trade gamble. Lusztig uses his model to explain shifts to free trade in four cases: Britain’s repeal of the Corn Laws; the United States’ enactment of the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act (1934); Canada’s decision to initiate continental free trade with the United States in 1985; and Mexico’s decision to pursue the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1990.

Peddling Protectionism

Douglas A. Irwin
Peddling Protectionism Book PDF

Author : Douglas A. Irwin
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2017-10-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781400888429

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Peddling Protectionism by Douglas A. Irwin Pdf

The Smoot-Hawley tariff of 1930, which raised U.S. duties on hundreds of imported goods to record levels, is America's most infamous trade law. It is often associated with--and sometimes blamed for--the onset of the Great Depression, the collapse of world trade, and the global spread of protectionism in the 1930s. Even today, the ghosts of congressmen Reed Smoot and Willis Hawley haunt anyone arguing for higher trade barriers; almost single-handedly, they made protectionism an insult rather than a compliment. In Peddling Protectionism, Douglas Irwin provides the first comprehensive history of the causes and effects of this notorious measure, explaining why it largely deserves its reputation for combining bad politics and bad economics and harming the U.S. and world economies during the Depression. In four brief, clear chapters, Irwin presents an authoritative account of the politics behind Smoot-Hawley, its economic consequences, the foreign reaction it provoked, and its aftermath and legacy. Starting as a Republican ploy to win the farm vote in the 1928 election by increasing duties on agricultural imports, the tariff quickly grew into a logrolling, pork barrel free-for-all in which duties were increased all around, regardless of the interests of consumers and exporters. After Herbert Hoover signed the bill, U.S. imports fell sharply and other countries retaliated by increasing tariffs on American goods, leading U.S. exports to shrivel as well. While Smoot-Hawley was hardly responsible for the Great Depression, Irwin argues, it contributed to a decline in world trade and provoked discrimination against U.S. exports that lasted decades. Featuring a new preface by the author, Peddling Protectionism tells a fascinating story filled with valuable lessons for trade policy today.

The Quest for Security

Joseph Stiglitz,Mary Kaldor
The Quest for Security Book PDF

Author : Joseph Stiglitz,Mary Kaldor
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 434 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2013-04-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780231156868

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The Quest for Security by Joseph Stiglitz,Mary Kaldor Pdf

Some have suggested that the turmoil in the eurozone "proves" the deficiencies in the welfare state. This book argues that the superior performance of the Scandinavian countries arises from their superior systems of social protection, which allow their citizens to undertake greater risk and more actively participate in globalization. Others suggest that we can address terrorism or transnational crimes through the strengthening of borders or long distance wars. This book develops the proposition that such approaches have the opposite effect and that only through spreading the kind of human security experienced in well-ordered societies can these dangers be managed. This book also examines how these global changes play out not only in the relations among countries and the management of globalization but at every level of our society--

The Limits of Regionalism

Robert G. Finbow
The Limits of Regionalism Book PDF

Author : Robert G. Finbow
Publisher : Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0754633373

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The Limits of Regionalism by Robert G. Finbow Pdf

Assessing the effectiveness of the North American Agreement on Labour Cooperation, this interview-based study examines the operation of the core institutions (the Secretariat and National Administrative Offices) over the past seven years.

Limits to Liberalization

Patricia M. Goff
Limits to Liberalization Book PDF

Author : Patricia M. Goff
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0801444586

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Limits to Liberalization by Patricia M. Goff Pdf

The so-called culture industries--film, television and radio broadcasting, periodical and book publishing, video and sound recording--are noteworthy exceptions to the rhetorical commitment of Western countries to free trade as a major goal. These exceptions threatened to derail such high-profile negotiations as NAFTA and its predecessor, the Canada-US Free Trade Agreement, as well as the Uruguay Round of the GATT. Conventional wisdom did not foresee trouble from this source, because these established industries are not commercial national champions, nor are they particularly large providers of jobs. As Patricia M. Goff shows, the standard trade literature considers the monetary value but doesn't recognize the symbolic importance of cultural production. In Limits to Liberalization, she traces the interplay between the commercial and the cultural. Governments that want to expand free trade may simultaneously resist liberalization in the culture industries (and elsewhere, including agriculture and health care). Goff traces the rationale for "cultural protectionism" in the trade policies of Canada, France, and the European Union. The result is a larger understanding of the forces that shape international trade agreements and a book that speaks to current theoretical concerns about national identity as it plays out in politics and international relations.

National System of Political Economy - Volume 2: The Theory

Friedrich List
National System of Political Economy Volume 2 The Theory Book PDF

Author : Friedrich List
Publisher : Cosimo, Inc.
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2006-10-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781596059535

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National System of Political Economy - Volume 2: The Theory by Friedrich List Pdf

One of the most prominent economic philosophers of the 19th century, on a par with-but espousing quite different thinking than-Karl Marx and Adam Smith explores, in the three-volume National System of Political Economy, a reasoned doctrine of national and pan-national management of trade, a global collaboration between government and business. In Volume 2, he delineates his theory of supportive interconnectedness, discussing everything from the value of the individual's ability to produce wealth to the edge established businesses have over new ones. A close reading of this 1841 classic is an absolute necessity for anyone who hopes to understand world economic history of the last 150 years. German economist and journalist FRIEDRICH LIST (1789-1846) served as professor of administration and politics at the University of T bingen, but was later jailed and later exiled to America for his political views. His is also the author of Outlines of American Political Economy (1827).

Trade Protectionism in an Uncertain and Interconnected Global Economy

Nicolás Albertoni
Trade Protectionism in an Uncertain and Interconnected Global Economy Book PDF

Author : Nicolás Albertoni
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 203 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2023-09-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000961584

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Trade Protectionism in an Uncertain and Interconnected Global Economy by Nicolás Albertoni Pdf

Trade Protectionism in an Uncertain and Interconnected Global Economy presents the results of almost five years of research on the political economy of trade policy. It argues that in a global context dominated by economic uncertainty and interdependencies, the mechanisms that have fueled the diffusion of trade liberalization under the World Trade Organization (preferential trade agreements and global value chains) can also become channels for protectionism (based on less observable non- tariff or murkier measures). Countries have changed the way they respond to protectionism, which impacts bilateral relations. The author explores why and how increased global trade interconnectivity has also become a channel for new forms of trade protectionism, and especially how this impacts the developing world. These counterintuitive dynamics constitute the newest wave in the literature on trade interdependence. Previous research on trade policy has often concentrated on just one aspect of the effects of an interconnected global economy: the more political and economic linkages countries build among themselves, the fewer tensions they will generate across borders. From a trade policy perspective, this causal claim has held steady for many decades. This book bridges academic analysis with trade policymaking and offers a road map for the kinds of commercial policy reforms that will be essential for the successful revival of world markets after global economic crises as it was the COVID-19 pandemic. This book will appeal to postgraduates, researchers, and academics interested in international political economy, comparative political economy, development, business, and all those with a particular interest in Latin American trade policy dynamics. It will also be of interest to trade policy scholars, practitioners, and readers with an interest in how governments, firms, and regions around the developing world transition into more knowledge-intensive activities.

Global Protectionism

David Greenaway,Robert C. Hine,Anthony P. O'Brien,Robert J. Thornton
Global Protectionism Book PDF

Author : David Greenaway,Robert C. Hine,Anthony P. O'Brien,Robert J. Thornton
Publisher : Springer
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2016-07-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781349117246

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Global Protectionism by David Greenaway,Robert C. Hine,Anthony P. O'Brien,Robert J. Thornton Pdf

The last two decades have seen significant changes in the pattern of protectionism, both in terms of the instruments used, and the countries affected. The papers in this volume address all aspects of global protectionism. As well as evaluating aspects of regional protectionism, the papers also address new issues such as trade in services and trade related investment measures. The contributors are drawn from Western Europe, North America, Japan and Latin America, reflecting the breadth of coverage of the volume.

Trade and Conflict

Samuel MacIsaac,Buck Duclos
Trade and Conflict Book PDF

Author : Samuel MacIsaac,Buck Duclos
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 121 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2022-02-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000541670

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Trade and Conflict by Samuel MacIsaac,Buck Duclos Pdf

This book aims to reframe the broader debate on the recent globalization backlash and its implications for middle-powers such as Canada. Protectionists have been accused of unraveling the multilateralist world order. The United States pulling out of the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement, the renegotiation of the North American Free Trade Agreement, and a series of tariffs imposed by both the United States and China threaten global economic integration. Fierce protectionist rhetoric risks gridlocking a fragile trade system that faces rising discontent, especially in light of the recent globalization backlash. American geopolitical hostilities are also influencing trade policies, notably punitive tariff and trade sanctions. Meanwhile, these fears are not limited to trade. The ongoing challenge to American hegemony and rising globalization backlash are dangerous signals of economic unpredictability that could perilously escalate towards outright conflict. This edited volume, then, tackles the trends of rising economic nationalism, unilateralism and protectionism to shed light on these vital foreign policy issues. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the Canadian Foreign Policy Journal.