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The Logic of Thermostatistical Physics by Gerard G. Emch,Chuang Liu Pdf
This book is devoted to a thorough analysis of the role that models play in the practise of physical theory. The authors, a mathematical physicist and a philosopher of science, appeal to the logicians’ notion of model theory as well as to the concepts of physicists.
The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Physics by Robert Batterman,Robert W. Batterman Pdf
This Oxford Handbook provides an overview of many of the topics that currently engage philosophers of physics. It surveys new issues and the problems that have become a focus of attention in recent years. It also provides up-to-date discussions of the still very important problems that dominated the field in the past. In the late 20th Century, the philosophy of physics was largely focused on orthodox Quantum Mechanics and Relativity Theory. The measurement problem, the question of the possibility of hidden variables, and the nature of quantum locality dominated the literature on the quantum mechanics, whereas questions about relationalism vs. substantivalism, and issues about underdetermination of theories dominated the literature on spacetime. These issues still receive considerable attention from philosophers, but many have shifted their attentions to other questions related to quantum mechanics and to spacetime theories. Quantum field theory has become a major focus, particularly from the point of view of algebraic foundations. Concurrent with these trends, there has been a focus on understanding gauge invariance and symmetries. The philosophy of physics has evolved even further in recent years with attention being paid to theories that, for the most part, were largely ignored in the past. For example, the relationship between thermodynamics and statistical mechanics—-once thought to be a paradigm instance of unproblematic theory reduction—-is now a hotly debated topic. The implicit, and sometimes explicit, reductionist methodology of both philosophers and physicists has been severely criticized and attention has now turned to the explanatory and descriptive roles of "non-fundamental,'' phenomenological theories. This shift of attention includes "old'' theories such as classical mechanics, once deemed to be of little philosophical interest. Furthermore, some philosophers have become more interested in "less fundamental'' contemporary physics such as condensed matter theory. Questions abound with implications for the nature of models, idealizations, and explanation in physics. This Handbook showcases all these aspects of this complex and dynamic discipline.
Category Theory in Physics, Mathematics, and Philosophy by Marek Kuś,Bartłomiej Skowron Pdf
The contributions gathered here demonstrate how categorical ontology can provide a basis for linking three important basic sciences: mathematics, physics, and philosophy. Category theory is a new formal ontology that shifts the main focus from objects to processes. The book approaches formal ontology in the original sense put forward by the philosopher Edmund Husserl, namely as a science that deals with entities that can be exemplified in all spheres and domains of reality. It is a dynamic, processual, and non-substantial ontology in which all entities can be treated as transformations, and in which objects are merely the sources and aims of these transformations. Thus, in a rather surprising way, when employed as a formal ontology, category theory can unite seemingly disparate disciplines in contemporary science and the humanities, such as physics, mathematics and philosophy, but also computer and complex systems science.
Probabilities in Physics by Claus Beisbart,Stephan Hartmann Pdf
This volume provides a philosophical appraisal of probabilities in all of physics. It makes sense of probabilistic statements as they occur in the various physical theories and models and presents a plausible epistemology and metaphysics of probabilities.
Probability in Physics by Yemima Ben-Menahem,Meir Hemmo Pdf
What is the role and meaning of probability in physical theory, in particular in two of the most successful theories of our age, quantum physics and statistical mechanics? Laws once conceived as universal and deterministic, such as Newton‘s laws of motion, or the second law of thermodynamics, are replaced in these theories by inherently probabilistic laws. This collection of essays by some of the world‘s foremost experts presents an in-depth analysis of the meaning of probability in contemporary physics. Among the questions addressed are: How are probabilities defined? Are they objective or subjective? What is their explanatory value? What are the differences between quantum and classical probabilities? The result is an informative and thought-provoking book for the scientifically inquisitive.
The Ashgate Companion to Contemporary Philosophy of Physics by Dean Rickles Pdf
Introducing the reader to the very latest developments in the philosophical foundations of physics, this book covers advanced material at a level suitable for beginner and intermediate students. A detailed overview is provided of the central debates in the philosophy of quantum mechanics, statistical mechanics, quantum computation, and quantum gravity. Each chapter consists of a 'state of the art' review written by a specialist in the field and introduces the reader to the relevant formal aspects along with the philosophical implications. These, and the various interpretive options, are developed in a self-contained, clear, and concise manner. Special care is given to situating the reader within the contemporary debates by providing numerous references and readings. This book thus enables both philosophers and physicists to engage with the most pressing problems in contemporary philosophy of physics in a fruitful way.
Philosophy of Physics by Jeremy Butterfield,John Earman Pdf
The ambition of this volume is twofold: to provide a comprehensive overview of the field and to serve as an indispensable reference work for anyone who wants to work in it. For example, any philosopher who hopes to make a contribution to the topic of the classical-quantum correspondence will have to begin by consulting Klaas Landsman's chapter. The organization of this volume, as well as the choice of topics, is based on the conviction that the important problems in the philosophy of physics arise from studying the foundations of the fundamental theories of physics. It follows that there is no sharp line to be drawn between philosophy of physics and physics itself. Some of the best work in the philosophy of physics is being done by physicists, as witnessed by the fact that several of the contributors to the volume are theoretical physicists: viz., Ellis, Emch, Harvey, Landsman, Rovelli, 't Hooft, the last of whom is a Nobel laureate. Key features - Definitive discussions of the philosophical implications of modern physics - Masterly expositions of the fundamental theories of modern physics - Covers all three main pillars of modern physics: relativity theory, quantum theory, and thermal physics - Covers the new sciences grown from these theories: for example, cosmology from relativity theory; and quantum information and quantum computing, from quantum theory - Contains special Chapters that address crucial topics that arise in several different theories, such as symmetry and determinism - Written by very distinguished theoretical physicists, including a Nobel Laureate, as well as by philosophers - Definitive discussions of the philosophical implications of modern physics - Masterly expositions of the fundamental theories of modern physics - Covers all three main pillars of modern physics: relativity theory, quantum theory, and thermal physics - Covers the new sciences that have grown from these theories: for example, cosmology from relativity theory; and quantum information and quantum computing, from quantum theory - Contains special Chapters that address crucial topics that arise in several different theories, such as symmetry and determinism - Written by very distinguished theoretical physicists, including a Nobel Laureate, as well as by philosophers
Geometric Methods in Physics by Piotr Kielanowski,S. Twareque Ali,Pierre Bieliavsky,Anatol Odzijewicz,Martin Schlichenmaier,Theodore Voronov Pdf
This book features a selection of articles based on the XXXIV Białowieża Workshop on Geometric Methods in Physics, 2015. The articles presented are mathematically rigorous, include important physical implications and address the application of geometry in classical and quantum physics. Special attention deserves the session devoted to discussions of Gerard Emch's most important and lasting achievements in mathematical physics. The Białowieża workshops are among the most important meetings in the field and gather participants from mathematics and physics alike. Despite their long tradition, the Workshops remain at the cutting edge of ongoing research. For the past several years, the Białowieża Workshop has been followed by a School on Geometry and Physics, where advanced lectures for graduate students and young researchers are presented. The unique atmosphere of the Workshop and School is enhanced by the venue, framed by the natural beauty of the Białowieża forest in eastern Poland.
Time, Quantum and Information by Lutz Castell,Otfried Ischebeck Pdf
The articles treat subjects such as the social responsibility of scientists, thermonuclear processes in stars and stellar neutrinos, turbulence and the emergence of planetary systems. Considerable attention is paid to the unity of nature, the nature of time, and to information about, and interpretation of, the structure of quantum theory, all important philosophical problems of our times. The last section describes von Weizsäcker's ur-hypothesis and how it will theoretically permit the construction of particles and interactions from quantized bits of information.
Mystery Of Time, The: Asymmetry Of Time And Irreversibility In The Natural Processes by Alexander Leonidovich Kuzemsky Pdf
The book focuses on the study of the temporal behavior of complex many-particle systems. The phenomenon of time and its role in the temporal evolution of complex systems is a remaining mystery. The book presents the necessity of the interdisciplinary point of view regarding on the phenomenon of time.The aim of the present study is to summarize and formulate in a concise but clear form the trends and approaches to the concept of time from a broad interdisciplinary perspective exposing tersely the complementary approaches and theories of time in the context of thermodynamics, statistical physics, cosmology, theory of information, biology and biophysics, including the problem of time and aging. Various approaches to the problem show that time is an extraordinarily interdisciplinary and multifaceted underlying notion which plays an extremely important role in various natural complex processes.
Phases of Matter and their Transitions by Gijsbertus de With Pdf
Phases of Matter and their Transitions An all-in-one, comprehensive take on matter and its phase properties In Phases of Matter and their Transitions, accomplished materials scientist Dr. Gijsbertus de With delivers an accessible textbook for advanced students in the molecular sciences. It offers a balanced and self-contained treatment of the thermodynamic and structural aspects of phases and the transitions between them, covering solids, liquids, gases, and their interfaces. The book lays the groundwork to describe particles and their interactions from the perspective of classical and quantum mechanics and compares phenomenological and statistical thermodynamics. It also examines materials with special properties, like glasses, liquid crystals, and ferroelectrics. The author has included an extensive appendix with a guide to the mathematics and theoretical models employed in this resource. Readers will also find: Thorough introductions to classical and quantum mechanics, intermolecular interactions, and continuum mechanics Comprehensive explorations of thermodynamics, gases, liquids, and solids Practical discussions of surfaces, including their general aspects for solids and liquids Fulsome treatments of discontinuous and continuous transitions, including discussions of irreversibility and the return to equilibrium Perfect for advanced students in chemistry and physics, Phases of Matter and their Transitions will also earn a place in the libraries of students of materials science.
Mathematical Results in Quantum Mechanics by Pavel Exner,Wolfgang König,Hagen Neidhardt Pdf
The book provides a comprehensive overview on the state of the art of the quantum part of mathematical physics. In particular, it contains contributions to the spectral theory of Schrödinger and random operators, quantum field theory, relativistic quantum mechanics and interacting many-body systems. It also presents an overview on the achievements in mathematical physics since the last conference QMath11 held at Hradec Kralove, Czechia in 2010. Contents:Plenary Talks:A Bound for the Eigenvalue Counting Function for Higher-Order Krein Laplacians on Open Sets (F Gesztesy, M Mitrea, S Sukhtaiev and A Laptev)Trace Formulae for the Asymptotic Density of Eigenvalue Clusters for the Perturbed Landau Hamiltonian (T Lungenstrass and G D Raikov)On Long Range Behaviour of van der Waals Force (I Anapolitanos and I M Sigal)Quantum Spin Correlations and Random Loops (D Ueltschi)Equidistribution Estimates for Eigenfunctions and Eigenvalue Bounds for Random Operators (D Borisov, M Tautenhahn and I Veselić)Invited Section Talks:Vector Quantum Fields (J Dereziński)On the BCS Gap Equation for Superfluid Fermionic Gases (G Bräunlich, C Hainzl and R Seiringer)Improved Hardy Inequality in Twisted Tubes (H Kovařík)Microscopic Foundations of Ohm and Joule's Laws — The Relevance of Thermodynamics (J-B Bru and W de Siqueira Pedra)The Quantum Marginal Problem (C Schilling)Hartree-Fock Dynamics for Weakly Interacting Fermions (N Benedikter, M Porta and B Schlein)Contributed Talks:On the Ground State Energy of the Multipolaron in the Strong Coupling Limit (I Anapolitanos and B Landon)A Variation on Smilansky's Model (D Barseghyan and P Exner)Deriving the Gross-Pitaevskii Equation (N Benedikter)Boundary Triplets Approach for Dirac Operator (A A Boitsev)Bose-Einstein Condensation on Quantum Graphs (J Bolte and J Kerner)Description of Quantum and Classical Dynamics via Feynman Formulae (Ya A Butko)Asymptotic Observables, Propagation Estimates and the Problem of Asymptotic Completeness in Algebraic QFT (W Dybalski)Recent Probabilistic Results on Covariant Schrödinger Operators on Infinite Weighted Graphs (B Güneysu and O Milatovic)Resolvent Expansion for the Discrete One-Dimensional Schrödinger Operator (K Ito and A Jensen)Spectral Asymptotics for a δ′ Interaction Supported by an Infinite Curve (M Jex)Asymptotically Predefined Spectral Gaps for the Neumann Laplacian in Periodic Domains (A Khrabustovskyi)Graph Model for the Stokes Flow (M O Kovaleva and I Yu Popov)Point Contacts and Boundary Triples (V Lotoreichik, H Neidhardt and I Yu Popov)Trace Formulas for Singular and Additive Non-Selfadjoint Perturbations (M M Malamud and H Neidhardt)On δ′-Couplings at Graph Vertices (S S Manko)Stochastic Calculus and Non-Relativistic QED (B Güneysu, O Matte and J S Møller)Estimates for Numbers of Negative Eigenvalues of Laplacian for Y-Type Chain of Weakly Coupled Ball Resonators (A S Melikhova)On Thermodynamical Couplings of Quantum Mechanics and Macroscopic Systems (A Mielke)Almost Sure Purely Singular Continuous Spectrum for Quasicrystal Models (C Seifert)Adiabatic Theorems With and Without Spectral Gap Condition for Non-Semisimple Spectral Values (J Schmid)An Eigenvalue Counting Theorem with Applications to Random Schrödinger Operators (D Schmidt)System of Fermions with Zero-Range Interactions (A Teta) Readership: Graduate students, professionals and researchers in mathematical physics, quantum mechanics and field theory, quantum information, quantum chaos and physics of social systems. Key Features:Collection of state-of-the-art papers in mathematical physicsProminent contributorsShows the actual research topics in mathematical physicsKeywords:Schrödinger Operator;Spectral Theory;Random Operators;Quantum Field Theory;Relativistic Quantum Mechanics;Interacting Many-Body Systems
Thermodynamics of the Glassy State by Luca Leuzzi,Th. M Nieuwenhuizen Pdf
In the past thirty years, the area of spin glasses has experienced rapid growth, including the development of solvable models for glassy systems. Yet these developments have only been recorded in the original research papers, rather than in a single source. Thermodynamics of the Glassy State presents a comprehensive account of the modern theory of glasses, starting from basic principles (thermodynamics) to the experimental analysis of one of the most important consequences of thermodynamics-Maxwell relations. After a brief introduction to general theoretical concepts and historical developments, the book thoroughly describes glassy phenomenology and the established theory. The core of the book surveys the crucial technique of two-temperature thermodynamics, explains the success of this method in resolving previously paradoxical problems in glasses, and presents exactly solvable models, a physically realistic approach to dynamics with advantages over more established mean field methods. The authors also tackle the potential energy landscape approach and discuss more detailed theories of glassy states, including mode coupling, avoided critical point, replica, and random first order transition theories. This reference lucidly explores recent theoretical advances in the thermodynamics of slowing-aging (glassy) systems. It details the general properties of glassy states while also demonstrating how these properties are present in specific models, enabling readers to thoroughly understand this fundamental yet challenging area of study.
Mathematics depends on proofs, and proofs must begin somewhere, from some fundamental assumptions. For nearly a century, the axioms of set theory have played this role, so the question of how these axioms are properly judged takes on a central importance. Approaching the question from a broadly naturalistic or second-philosophical point of view, Defending the Axioms isolates the appropriate methods for such evaluations and investigates the ontological and epistemological backdrop that makes them appropriate. In the end, a new account of the objectivity of mathematics emerges, one refreshingly free of metaphysical commitments.
Understanding the Discrete Element Method by Hans-Georg Matuttis,Jian Chen Pdf
Gives readers a more thorough understanding of DEM and equips researchers for independent work and an ability to judge methods related to simulation of polygonal particles Introduces DEM from the fundamental concepts (theoretical mechanics and solidstate physics), with 2D and 3D simulation methods for polygonal particles Provides the fundamentals of coding discrete element method (DEM) requiring little advance knowledge of granular matter or numerical simulation Highlights the numerical tricks and pitfalls that are usually only realized after years of experience, with relevant simple experiments as applications Presents a logical approach starting withthe mechanical and physical bases,followed by a description of the techniques and finally their applications Written by a key author presenting ideas on how to model the dynamics of angular particles using polygons and polyhedral Accompanying website includes MATLAB-Programs providing the simulation code for two-dimensional polygons Recommended for researchers and graduate students who deal with particle models in areas such as fluid dynamics, multi-body engineering, finite-element methods, the geosciences, and multi-scale physics.
