The Mcmahon Line

Author : General (Retd.) J. J. Singh
Publisher : Harper Collins
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2019-05-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789352777761

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The McMahon Line by General (Retd.) J. J. Singh Pdf

Sir Henry McMahon, a British colonial administrator, drew a line along the Himalayas at the Simla Convention of 1913-14, demarcating what would in later years become the effective boundary between China and India. The boundary, disputed by India's northern neighbour, has had a profound effect on the relations between the two Asian giants, resulting most prominently in the war of 1962 but also in several skirmishes and stand-offs both before and after that. It continues to be a thorn in the side - reaching a flashpoint at the tri-junction between Tibet, Sikkim and Bhutan in Doklam in 2017 - and may derail all the progress in bilateral ties if left unattended. General J.J. Singh examines the evolution of the boundary and the nuances of British India's Tibet policy from the eighteenth century through to India's Independence, analyses the repercussions for contemporary times and puts forth recommendations for the way ahead.

Author : Claude Arpi
Publisher : Lancer Publishers LLC
Page : 505 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2024-06-07
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781935501572

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1962 and the McMahon Line Saga by Claude Arpi Pdf

Fifty years ago, India went through a tragic event which has remained a deep scar in the country’s psyche: a border war with China. During the author’s archival peregrinations on the Himalayan border, he goes into some relatively little known issues, such as the checkered history of Tawang; the British India policy towards Tibet and even the possibility for India to militarily defend the Roof of the World. The author also looks into why the Government still keeps the Henderson Brooks Report under wraps and what were Mao’s motivations for ‘teaching India a lesson’. Throughout this series of essays, the thread remains the Tibet-India frontier in the North-East and the Indo-Chinese conflict. The more one digs into this question, the more one discovers that the entire issue is intimately linked with the history of modern Tibet; particularly the status of the Roof of the World as a de facto independent nation. British India had a Tibet Policy, Independent India, did not. This led to the unfortunate events of 1962.

Author : K. N. Raghavan
Publisher : One Point Six Technology Pvt Ltd
Page : 351 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2012-05-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789381836750

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Dividing Lines by K. N. Raghavan Pdf

India and China Ð the inheritors of two ancient civilizations and aeons of neighbourly bonds cemented by Buddhism and the bridge-building missions of Fa-Hien, Huen Tsang, Tagore and Kotnis Ð never witnessed strife between themselves till the fateful autumn of 1962, when they fought a short but bitter border war on the desolate heights of the Himalayas. Mutual suspicion and sporadic face-offs have ever since bedevilled relations between the two Asian giants, based on their still-unsettled borders. What caused the tragic estrangement of AsiaÕs leading lights? In this cogent and comprehensive analysis, the author traces the origins of the discord to a legacy flawed by the flip-flops of imperial BritainÕs unilateral border delineation, and the ebbs and flows of Chinese activism in Tibet. The gripping narrative carries us from the post-1947 scenario of initial Panchsheel bonhomie, yielding place to mutual distrust, aggravated, among other causes, by Chinese paranoia over Tibet and the unrelenting pressure of Indian public opinion. IndiaÕs cataclysmic defeat in the war, which remains a young nationÕs humiliation, is attributed to the ill-advised Ôforward policyÕ and failure of the politico-military leadership of the time, revalidating ClemenceauÕs adage, that Ôwar is too important a matter to be left to generalsÕ.

Author : Neville Maxwell
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 549 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2015-01-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8181582500

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India's China War by Neville Maxwell Pdf

This is one of those rare books that puts an entirely new light on a chapter of history, and it must be read by anyone concerned with international affairs. Although cool and scholarly it unrolls like a fascinating thriller. It is an important work of revisionist history and a gruesome study of the way in which wars start, superbly documented (largely from official Indian sources but also from secret Indian papers) and beautifully sustained. By showing how India led the world up the garden path it demolishes and throws to the wind a pillar of the 'contain China' doctrine -- the belief that in 1962 India was the victim of unprovoked Chinese aggression. Maxwell's book is magnificent on every count, an historical achievement of the first rank.

Author : Alastair Lamb
Publisher : London : Issued under the auspices of the Royal Institute of International Affairs [by] Oxford University Press
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1964
Category : China
ISBN : UOM:49015000288986

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The China-India Border by Alastair Lamb Pdf

Author : Alastair Lamb
Publisher : London : Routledge & Kegan Paul ; Toronto : University of Toronto Press
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1966
Category : China
ISBN : UCSC:32106014792888

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The McMahon Line by Alastair Lamb Pdf

Author : Bertil Lintner
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2018-01-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780199091638

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China’s India War by Bertil Lintner Pdf

The Sino-Indian War of 1962 delivered a crushing defeat to India: not only did the country suffer a loss of lives and a heavy blow to its pride, the world began to see India as the provocateur of the war, with China ‘merely defending’ its territory. This perception that China was largely the innocent victim of Nehru’s hostile policies was put forth by journalist Neville Maxwell in his book India’s China War, which found readers in many opinion makers, including Henry Kissinger and Richard Nixon. For far too long, Maxwell’s narrative, which sees India as the aggressor and China as the victim, has held court. Nearly 50 years after Maxwell’s book, Bertil Lintner’s China’s India War puts the ‘border dispute’ into its rightful perspective. Lintner argues that China began planning the war as early as 1959 and proposes that it was merely a small move in the larger strategic game that China was playing to become a world player—one that it continues to play even today.

Author : Bérénice Guyot-Réchard
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 349 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107176799

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Shadow States by Bérénice Guyot-Réchard Pdf

This book explores Sino-Indian tensions from the angle of state-building, showing how they stem from their competition for the Himalayan people's allegiance.

Author : Edgar Burke Inlow
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 12 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1964
Category : India
ISBN : OCLC:824178814

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The McMahon Line by Edgar Burke Inlow Pdf

Author : Avtar Singh Bhasin
Publisher : Penguin/Viking
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : History
ISBN : 0670094137

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Nehru, Tibet and China by Avtar Singh Bhasin Pdf

"On 1 October 1949, the People's Republic of China came into being and changed forever the course of Asian history. Power moved from the hands of the nationalist Kuomintang government to the Communist Party of China headed by Mao Tse Tung. All of a sudden, it was not only an assertive China that India had to deal with but also an increasingly complex situation in Tibet which was reeling under pressure from China. Clearly, newly independent India, with Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru at its helm, was navigating very choppy waters. Its relations with China progressively deteriorated, eventually leading to the Indo-China war in 1962. Today, more than six decades after the war, we are still plagued by border disputes with China that seem to routinely grab the headlines. It leads one to question what exactly went on during those initial years of the emergence of a new China"--Publisher's summary.

Author : Bertil Lintner
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2015-01-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780300195675

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Great Game East by Bertil Lintner Pdf

Since the 1950s, China and India have been locked in a monumental battle for geopolitical supremacy. Chinese interest in the ethnic insurgencies in northeastern India, the still unresolved issue of the McMahon Line, the border established by the British imperial government, and competition for strategic access to the Indian Ocean have given rise to tense gamesmanship, political intrigue, and rivalry between the two Asian giants. FormerFar Eastern Economic Review correspondent Bertil Lintner has drawn from his extensive personal interviews with insurgency leaders and civilians in remote tribal areas in northeastern India, newly declassified intelligence reports, and his many years of firsthand experience in Asia to chronicle this ongoing struggle. His history of the “Great Game East” is the first significant account of a regional conflict which has led to open warfare on several occasions, most notably the Sino-India border war of 1962, and will have a major impact on global affairs in the decades ahead.

Author : Probal DasGupta
Publisher : Juggernaut Publication
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9353450934

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Watershed 1967 by Probal DasGupta Pdf

"What happened when India and China last went to battle with each other? China won? Wrong, India won. The sole India-China conflict that remains etched in our collective memory is the 1962 war, which India tragically lost. But five years later, in 1967, India and China faced off once again in the heights of Cho La and Nathu La at the Sikkim border. This time, overcoming the odds, India triumphed.The fallout of these forgotten battles was immense. China shied away from actively allying with Pakistan and the US during the 1971 India-Pakistan war. And despite several stand-offs in the half century since then, Beijing has never again launched a military offensive against India. This incredible book tells us why these battles ushered in an era of peace. Full of thrilling international intrigue and nail-biting battle scenes, this book is based on extensive research and interviews with army officers and soldiers who participated in these historic battles. It aims to rectify a blind spot in history and shine the spotlight on a story of incredible bravery that India should be proud of "-- Provided by publisher.

Author : Gerry van Tonder
Publisher : Pen and Sword
Page : 183 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2018-07-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781526728388

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Sino-Indian War by Gerry van Tonder Pdf

For a hundred years, British and Chinese territorial claims in the Himalayas conflicted, with Indian historians claiming that the region was the fountainhead of Hindu civilization. In the halcyon days of the Raj, London saw Afghanistan and Tibet as buffers against Russian and Chinese imperialism. In 1913, an ephemeral agreement between Britain, Tibet and China was signed, recognizing the McMahon Line as the border of the disputed territory. China, however, failed to ratify the agreement, while India protested against a loss of historical land.After the Second World War, India became independent of Britain and Chinese Communists proclaimed a peoples republic. Despite cordial overtures from Indian Prime Minister Nehru, in late 1950 the Chinese Peoples Liberation Army (PLA) invaded Tibet. In the ensuing twelve years, Indian diplomacy and Chinese cartographic aggression were punctuated by border incidents, particularly in 1953 when armed clashes precipitated a significant increase in the disposition of troops by both sides. In the spring of 1962, Indian forces flooded into the Ladakh region of the state of Jammu and Kashmir, to check the Chinese.In a spiralling game of brinkmanship, in September, ground forces were strategically deployed and redeployed. On 10 October, thirty-three Chinese died in a firefight near Dhola.Embittered by Moscows support of India against a sister communist state, and in a bid to clip Nehrus belligerent wings, on 20 October, the PLA launched a two-pronged attack against Indian positions.

Author : A.G. Noorani
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2010-12-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780199088393

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India–China Boundary Problem 1846–1947 by A.G. Noorani Pdf

Boundary issues have always occupied a central focus in the relations between India and China. Highlighting the role of history, policy, and diplomacy, this book traces the origins and development of the India–China boundary problem during the British Raj. A.G. Noorani shows how British efforts to secure a defined boundary in the western sector began immediately after the creation of Jammu & Kashmir in 1846. However, in the eastern sector, such an exercise began only sixty-five years later, when a Chinese threat was perceived. Examining the role of the bureaucracy and diplomatic negotiations, the author presents a nuanced analysis of the treaties and conventions, as well as internal debates between British officials on conflicting policies. Breaking new ground, this book evaluates the relevance of the Indian Independence Act, 1947, and explains how the diplomatic history in the last hundred years shaped the boundary problem between India and China. What was a problem aggravated into a dispute that erupted in 1959. The central thesis is that history had direct relevance to the shaping of a sound policy. Based on archival research and unpublished material, this volume uses twenty-two appendices and fourteen maps to present a unique perspective on a long- standing problem.

Author : Parshotam Mehra
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 546 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1974
Category : China
ISBN : NWU:35556002373025

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The McMahon Line and After by Parshotam Mehra Pdf