The Need For Critical Thinking And The Scientific Method

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The Need for Critical Thinking and the Scientific Method

Finlay MacRitchie
The Need for Critical Thinking and the Scientific Method Book PDF

Author : Finlay MacRitchie
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 211 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2018-05-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781351255851

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The Need for Critical Thinking and the Scientific Method by Finlay MacRitchie Pdf

The book exposes many of the misunderstandings about the scientific method and its application to critical thinking. It argues for a better understanding of the scientific method and for nurturing critical thinking in the community. This knowledge helps the reader to analyze issues more objectively, and warns about the dangers of bias and propaganda. The principles are illustrated by considering several issues that are currently being debated. These include anthropogenic global warming (often loosely referred to as climate change), dangers to preservation of the Great Barrier Reef, and the expansion of the gluten-free food market and genetic engineering.

The Need for Critical Thinking and the Scientific Method

Finlay MacRitchie
The Need for Critical Thinking and the Scientific Method Book PDF

Author : Finlay MacRitchie
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2018-05-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781351255868

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The Need for Critical Thinking and the Scientific Method by Finlay MacRitchie Pdf

The book exposes many of the misunderstandings about the scientific method and its application to critical thinking. It argues for a better understanding of the scientific method and for nurturing critical thinking in the community. This knowledge helps the reader to analyze issues more objectively, and warns about the dangers of bias and propaganda. The principles are illustrated by considering several issues that are currently being debated. These include anthropogenic global warming (often loosely referred to as climate change), dangers to preservation of the Great Barrier Reef, and the expansion of the gluten-free food market and genetic engineering.

The Thinker's Guide to Scientific Thinking

Richard Paul,Linda Elder
The Thinker s Guide to Scientific Thinking Book PDF

Author : Richard Paul,Linda Elder
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 71 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2019-06-01
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781538133842

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The Thinker's Guide to Scientific Thinking by Richard Paul,Linda Elder Pdf

The Thinker’s Guide to Scientific Thinking focuses on developing the intellectual skills inherent in the well-cultivated practice of every area of scientific research and study. It helps students and practicing scientists come to reason within the logic of science and to see the field as a cohesive whole. From astronomers to zoologists and physicists to chemists, skilled scientists use careful analysis to question data, test theories, draw logical conclusions, and propose feasible solutions. Students in science courses, and scientists themselves will find their analytical abilities enhanced by the engaging framework of inquiry set forth by Richard Paul and Linda Elder in this guide. As part of the Thinker’s Guide Library, this book advances the mission of the Foundation for Critical Thinking to promote fairminded critical societies through cultivating essential intellectual abilities and virtues across every field of study across world.

Writing Science Through Critical Thinking

Marilyn F. Moriarty
Writing Science Through Critical Thinking Book PDF

Author : Marilyn F. Moriarty
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Learning
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Critical thinking
ISBN : 0867205105

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Writing Science Through Critical Thinking by Marilyn F. Moriarty Pdf

Written and extensively class tested with NSF/NIH support, this timely and useful text addresses a crucial need which is acknowledged in most universities and colleges. It is the need for students to learn to write in the context of their field of study; in this case science. Although numerous "how to" writing books have been published, few, if any, address the central pedagogical issues underlying the process of learning to think and write scientifically. The direct connection between this writing skill and that of critical thinking is developed with engaging style by the author, an English professor. Moriarty's book is an invaluable guide for both undergraduate and graduate science students. In the process of learning the specific requirements of organization demanded by scientific writing, students will develop strategies for thinking through their scientific research, well before they sit down to write. This instructive text will be useful to students who need to satisfy a science writing proficiency requirement in the context of a science course, a course in technical writing, advanced composition, or writing for the profession.

Critical Thinking

Max Black
Critical Thinking Book PDF

Author : Max Black
Publisher : Pickle Partners Publishing
Page : 732 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2018-12-05
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781789126334

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Critical Thinking by Max Black Pdf

I have tried to make this book an argument, not a catalogue of dogmas. Its ideal reader will find himself constantly asking questions, for which he will insist on finding his own answers. To avoid wasting his time, I have made the fullest use of authentic illustrations from newspapers, books, and other contemporary sources. One of the wisest things ever said about our subject is that “Logic, like whiskey, loses its beneficial effect when taken in too large doses.” While bearing this constantly in mind, I have also aimed at a high level of accuracy and the inclusion of nothing that would have to be unlearnt at a more advanced level of study. This book could never have been written without the help of the students to whom I have lectured on logic and scientific method. My chief obligations are to them. Logic ought to be easy, interesting, and enjoyable. This book will have been successful if it helps some readers to find it so.—Prof. Max Black

Science Stories

Clyde Freeman Herreid,Nancy A. Schiller,Ky F. Herreid
Science Stories Book PDF

Author : Clyde Freeman Herreid,Nancy A. Schiller,Ky F. Herreid
Publisher : NSTA Press
Page : 410 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781936959914

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Science Stories by Clyde Freeman Herreid,Nancy A. Schiller,Ky F. Herreid Pdf

Stories give life and substance to scientific methods and provide an inside look at scientists in action. Case studies deepen scientific understanding, sharpen critical-thinking skills, and help students see how science relates to their lives. In Science Stories, Clyde Freeman Herreid, Nancy Schiller, and Ky Herreid have organized case studies into categories such as historical cases, science and the media, and ethics and the scientific process. Each case study comprises a story, classroom discussion questions, teaching notes and background information, objectives, and common misconceptions about the topic, as well as helpful references. College-level educators and high school teachers will find that this compilation of case studies will allow students to make connections between the classroom and everyday life.

The Aspiring Thinker's Guide to Critical Thinking

Linda Elder,Richard Paul
The Aspiring Thinker s Guide to Critical Thinking Book PDF

Author : Linda Elder,Richard Paul
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 55 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2019-06-01
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781538133767

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The Aspiring Thinker's Guide to Critical Thinking by Linda Elder,Richard Paul Pdf

The Aspiring Thinker’s Guide to Critical Thinking introduces concepts and strategies for developing essential reasoning skills and intellectual character. As students advance in their academic studies and encounter new situations in their lives, they must learn to differentiate fact from fiction and make decisions based in good reasoning. They must learn to be clear, accurate, relevant, logical, and fair when expressing ideas. This book lays out a clear framework for guiding this development and encouraging lifelong intellectual curiosity. As part of the Thinker’s Guide Library, this book advances the mission of the Foundation for Critical Thinking to promote fairminded critical societies through cultivating essential intellectual abilities and virtues across every field of study across world.

Critical Thinking in Psychology

Robert J. Sternberg,Henry L. Roediger III,Diane F. Halpern
Critical Thinking in Psychology Book PDF

Author : Robert J. Sternberg,Henry L. Roediger III,Diane F. Halpern
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780521845892

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Critical Thinking in Psychology by Robert J. Sternberg,Henry L. Roediger III,Diane F. Halpern Pdf

Explores key topics in psychology, showing how they can be critically examined.

Developing Critical Thinking Through Science

June Main,Paul Eggen
Developing Critical Thinking Through Science Book PDF

Author : June Main,Paul Eggen
Publisher : Critical Thinking Books & Software
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Critical thinking
ISBN : 0894554247

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Developing Critical Thinking Through Science by June Main,Paul Eggen Pdf

Contains standards-based activities for the physical sciences that help students learn the scientific method and develop analysis skills that can be applied to science and other subjects.

A Field Guide to Lies

Daniel J. Levitin
A Field Guide to Lies Book PDF

Author : Daniel J. Levitin
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2016-09-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780143196280

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A Field Guide to Lies by Daniel J. Levitin Pdf

Winner of the Mavis Gallant Prize for Non-Fiction Winner of the 2017 National Business Book Award Shortlisted for the 2016/2017 Donner Prize From the bestselling author of The Organized Mind, the must-have book about how to analyze who and what to trust in the age of information overload. It's becoming harder to separate the wheat from the digital chaff. How do we distinguish misinformation, pseudo-facts, distortions and outright lies from reliable information? In A Field Guide to Lies, neuroscientist Daniel Levitin outlines the many pitfalls of the information age and provides the means to spot and avoid them. Levitin groups his field guide into two categories--statistical infomation and faulty arguments--ultimately showing how science is the bedrock of critical thinking. It is easy to lie with stats and graphs as few people "take the time to look under the hood and see how they work." And, just because there's a number on something, doesn't mean that the number was arrived at properly. Logic can help to evaluate whether or not a chain of reasoning is valid. And "infoliteracy" teaches us that not all sources of information are equal, and that biases can distort data. Faced with a world too eager to flood us with information, the best response is to be prepared. A Field Guide to Lies helps us avoid learning a lot of things that aren't true.

Perspectives on Critical Thinking

John C. Sanders
Perspectives on Critical Thinking Book PDF

Author : John C. Sanders
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Critical thinking
ISBN : 1536196215

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Perspectives on Critical Thinking by John C. Sanders Pdf

"This book consists of seven chapters, each providing a different point of view on the topic of critical thinking, which is defined as the analysis of facts to form a judgment. Chapter One aims to develop a method for improving students' critical thinking skills using cooperative learning. Chapter Two focuses on an education program designed to develop students' creativity and critical thinking skills and the impact this program had on teachers in Portuguese public schools. Chapter Three discusses the methods of teaching critical thinking that are most suitable for the Russian educational community. Chapter Four analyzes the importance of critical thinking skills for fighting misinformation in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, around which many unscientific rumors and conspiracy theories are propagated alongside truthful information. Chapter Five also concerns the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically in connection with the natural human bias towards optimism and how this bias distorts risk assessment in health-related decisions but also provides a sense of control and hope. Chapter Six discusses how teachers can leverage Donald Trump's proclivity towards manipulative rhetoric, glaring fallacies, and conspiracy theories for teaching critical thinking skills, as well as the potential pitfalls of doing so. Finally, Chapter Seven aims to rethink Essential Learning Outcomes by examining what skills are valued by employers and proposes a strategy of cross-listing courses to facilitate skill acquisition across disciplines"--

Critical Thinking

Peter Nardi
Critical Thinking Book PDF

Author : Peter Nardi
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2017-08-22
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780520291843

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Critical Thinking by Peter Nardi Pdf

"Critical Thinking: A Methodology for Interpreting Information 'deconstructs' common errors in thinking and teaches students to become smarter consumers of research results. Written to complement a textbook or a collection of readings, this brief methods book strengthens students' ability to interpret information whenever and wherever data are used. It includes a wide range of examples along with end of chapter exercises for further discussion. This book will be a coursebook for the undergraduate social science courses where critical thinking, numeracy, and data literacy are common learning objectives"--Provided by publisher.

The Scientific Method

Henry M. Cowles
The Scientific Method Book PDF

Author : Henry M. Cowles
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780674976191

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The Scientific Method by Henry M. Cowles Pdf

The scientific method is just over a hundred years old. From debates about the evolution of the human mind to the rise of instrumental reasoning, Henry M. Cowles shows how the idea of a single "scientific method" emerged from a turn inward by psychologists that produced powerful epistemological and historical effects that are still with us today.

Critical Thinking about Research

Julian Meltzoff
Critical Thinking about Research Book PDF

Author : Julian Meltzoff
Publisher : Amer Psychological Assn
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 1557984557

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Critical Thinking about Research by Julian Meltzoff Pdf

Picture yourself sitting down to read the latest issue of your favourite journal. Are you prepared? Do you know what to look for? Will you identify crucial defects in methodology, or will they slip by you? Having the background and training to critique research intelligently is imperative to appraise the value of the articles. This volume provides methods for reviewing research from any area in the social sciences.

Reproducibility and Replicability in Science

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Engineering, Medicine, and Public Policy,Board on Research Data and Information,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Analytics,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Reproducibility and Replicability in Science
Reproducibility and Replicability in Science Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Engineering, Medicine, and Public Policy,Board on Research Data and Information,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Analytics,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Reproducibility and Replicability in Science
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2019-10-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309486163

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Reproducibility and Replicability in Science by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Engineering, Medicine, and Public Policy,Board on Research Data and Information,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Analytics,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Reproducibility and Replicability in Science Pdf

One of the pathways by which the scientific community confirms the validity of a new scientific discovery is by repeating the research that produced it. When a scientific effort fails to independently confirm the computations or results of a previous study, some fear that it may be a symptom of a lack of rigor in science, while others argue that such an observed inconsistency can be an important precursor to new discovery. Concerns about reproducibility and replicability have been expressed in both scientific and popular media. As these concerns came to light, Congress requested that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conduct a study to assess the extent of issues related to reproducibility and replicability and to offer recommendations for improving rigor and transparency in scientific research. Reproducibility and Replicability in Science defines reproducibility and replicability and examines the factors that may lead to non-reproducibility and non-replicability in research. Unlike the typical expectation of reproducibility between two computations, expectations about replicability are more nuanced, and in some cases a lack of replicability can aid the process of scientific discovery. This report provides recommendations to researchers, academic institutions, journals, and funders on steps they can take to improve reproducibility and replicability in science.